Med Term Exam 1

Respiratory System

Composed of nose, pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), bronchial tubes, and lungs. Performs respiration which provides for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body.

Integumentary System

Composed of skin, nails, and glands. Forms a protective covering for the body, regulates body temperature, and helps manufacture vitamin D.

Nervous System

Composed of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Regulates body activities by sending and receiving messages.

Digestive System

Composed of the gastrointestinal tract which includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, large and small intestine plus accessory organs, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. Prepares food for use by the body cells and eliminates waste.

Cardiovascular System

Composed of the heart and blood vessels. Pumps and transports blood throughout the body.

What suffix means the study of?

-logy

In the term sub/hepat/ic, which part is the prefix?

Sub.

Combining form

a word part with the combining vowel attached, separated by a slash.

Combining Vowel

a word part, usually an o, used to ease pronunciation.

Where is the stomach located?

abdominal cavity

Bradypnea means

abnormally slow breathing

A term built from the name of a person, often a physician/scientist who was the 1st to identify a technique or condition, such as Alzheimer disease, is

an eponym.

The term for a substance that produces or stimulates the development of male characteristics is

androgen

Melan

black

Hemat

blood

Cyan

blue

oste

bone

Abdominopelvic Cavity

both the pelvic and abdominal cavities.

Carcin

cancer

Eti

cause (of disease)

Cyt

cell

A hormone that is made by the adrenal glands and is important in the regulation of body metabolism is

cortisone

What is name the space where the brain is housed?

cranial cavity

The combining form that means hidden is

crypt/o

Necr

death (cells, body)

Phrenic means pertaining to the

diaphragm

The suffix -rrhea is defined as

discharge

What is the prefix that means painful, abnormal, difficult, labored?

dys-

A combining vowel is used to

ease word pronunciation.

The outer layer of the skin is called

epidermis

Epitheli

epithelium

An important female sex hormone that is made by the ovaries and acts on the female genitalia is

estrogen

Normal thyroid function is described as

euthyroid

When connecting a word root and a suffix, a combining vowel is used if the suffix doesn't begin with a vowel.

ex. arthr/o/pathy

When connecting a word root and a suffix, a combining vowel is usually not used if the suffix begins with a vowel.

ex. hepat/ic

When connecting two word roots, a combining vowel is usually used even if vowels are present at the junction.

ex. oste/o/arthr/itis

Lip

fat

Fibr

fiber

Aden

gland

Structures of the Endocrine System

glands - such as thyroid, pancreas, adrenals, ovaries, testes, and others

The combining form trich/o means

hair

Crypt

hidden

What is the prefix meaning of below, incomplete, deficient?

hypo-

viscer

internal organs

Prefix

is a word part attached to the beginning of a word root to modify its meaning.

Suffix

is a word part attached to the end of the word root to modify its meaning.

Word Root

is the word part that's the core of the word.

arthr

joint

Gno

knowledge

Bi

life

hepat

liver

The use of English language to form a term

modern language.

My

muscle

In the medical term ungu/al, the word root means

nail

The combining form that means death is

necr/o

Neur

nerve

The combining form that means nail is

onych/o

Sarc

organ

Composed of two or more tissues

organ.

What gland secretes insulin

pancreas

The prefix that means beside, beyond, around, or abnormal is

para-

Where would you locate the bladder?

pelvic cavity

Iatr

physician, treatment

The hypophysis is also called the

pituitary gland

Erythr

red

Aut

self

The combining form cutane/o is defined as

skin

Lei

smooth

Thoracic Cavity

space containing the heart, aorta, lungs, esophagus, trachea, bronchi, and mediastinal area.

Abdominal Cavity

space containing the stomach, intestines, kidneys, adrenal glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, and ureters.

Pelvic Cavity

space containing the urinary bladder, certain reproductive organs, parts of the small and large intestine, and the anus.

Cranial Cavity

space inside the skull (cranium) containing the brain.

Spinal Cavity

space inside the spinal column containing the spinal cord.

Where is the spinal cord contained?

spinal cavity

When connecting a prefix and a word root, a combining vowel isn't used.

sub/hepat/ic

In the term arthr/itis, itis is the

suffix.

The combining form hidr/o is defined as

sweat

Group of organs that function together

system.

Can be translated literally to find their meaning

terms built from word parts.

cannot be easily translated literally to find their meaning

terms not built from word parts.

What is the anatomic term for chest cavity?

thoracic cavity

Hist

tissue

Onc

tumor

ven

vein

Leuk

white

Terms Built From Word Parts (can be translated to find their meanings)

word parts of Greek and Latin origin placed together to form terms that can be translated literally to find their meanings.

Xanth

yellow

Musculoskeletal System

Composed of muscle, bones, and joints. Provides movement and framework for the body, protects vital organs such as the brain, stores calcium, and produces red blood cells.

In the medical term osteo/o/arth/o/pathy, which part is the suffix?

Pathy.

Learning methods of terms built from word parts:

1. analyzing terms 2. defining terms 3. building terms

Word Root Examples in Medical Terms:

1. arthr/itis arthr (joint) is the root word. 2. hepat/itis hepat (liver) is the root word.

Suffix Examples in Medical Terms:

1. hepat/ic -ic (pertaining to) is the suffix and hepat is the liver; therefore hepatic means pertaining to the liver. 2. hepat/itis -itis (inflammation) is the suffix. The medical term hepatitis means inflammation of the liver.

Prefix Examples in Medical Terms:

1. sub/hepat/ic sub- (under) is the prefix. Hepat is the root word for liver, -ic is the suffix for pertaining to. The medical term sub hepatic means pertaining to the liver. 2. intra/ven/ous intra- (within) is the prefix. Ven mean vein is the root word, and -ous (pertaining to) is the suffix. The medical term intravenous means pertaining to within the vein.

Four word parts:

1. word Root 2. suffix 3. prefix 4. combining Vowel

Lymphatic/Immune System

Composed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs. Provides defense against infection.

Endocrine System

Composed of glands that secrete hormones. Hormones regulate many body activities.

Urinary System

Composed of kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Removes waste material (urine) from the body, regulates fluid volume, and maintains electrolyte concentration.

Reproductive System

Female reproductive system is composed of ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, and mammary glands. Male reproductive system is composed of testes, urethra, penis, prostate gland, and associated tubes. Responsible for heredity and reproduction.

Languages used in medical terms

Greek and Latin.

Medical language includes terms built from what languages?

Greek and Latin.