Medical Terminology 5
Analgesics
"Feeling no pain" in Greek. they work on pain, fever, and inflammation. Pain pills. Ex: Aleve, Aspirin, Celebrex, Coedine, Tylenol
Dysentery
"bad bowels" in Latin. Watery, bloody diarrhea may be signs of a parasitic infection
Dyspareunia
"badly mated" in Greek. Painful intercourse.
Fulguration
"lightning" in Latin. Malignant tissue destroyed with an electrocautery instrument (electric current)
Low grade
(of a medical condition) of a less serious kind; minor.
Sarcoma
A rare cancer that arises from connective and supportive tissue
Surgically resectable
A tumor that can be surgically removed.
Antihypertensives
Blood Pressure pills. Lowers high Blood pressure. Ex: Norvasc, Captopen, Inderal, Lotensin.
Anticoagulants
Blood thinners. used for preventing blood clots. Ex: Coumadin (warafin), Heparin
Antibiotics
Bug killers. used for microbial infections Ex: Amoxil, Erythomycin, Keflex, Pen-Vee, Septra, Vibramycin.
No metastases
Cancer hasn't spread
Oncologist
Cancer specialist
Negative nodes
Cancer that has not spread to the lymph nodes
Antihyperlipidemics
Cholesterol pills. Used to lower Cholesterol level. Ex: Lipitor, Niaspin, Pravachol, Zocor.
Antihistamines
Cold and flu pills. Used to stop runny noses, wheezing and itchiness.
Hypoglycemic agents
Diabetic drugs. Lowers high blood sugar. Ex: Diabeta, Glucophage, Glucotrol, Insulin
Tranquilizers
Downers. used to treat anxiety Ex: Valium, Xanax
Anticonvulsants
Epilepsy Drugs. Used to prevent Seizures. Ex: Dilantin(phenytoin), Phenobarbital, Neurontin(gabapentin)
Hippocrates
Father of medicine
Cardiac drugs
Heart medicine. Used to treat abnormal heart rhythms, heart failure, angina pain. Ex: Cardizem, Cordarone, Inderal, Lanoxin.
In remission
If you're in partial remission, it may mean you can take a break from treatment as long as the cancer doesn't begin to grow again. Complete remission means that tests, physical exams, and scans show that all signs of your cancer are gone. Some doctors also refer to complete remission as "no evidence of disease (NED).
Erectile Dysfunction
Impotency. "a man's best friend". used to get a hardie Ex: Cialis, Levitra, Viagra
Well differentiated
In cancer, this describes how much or how little tumor tissue looks like the normal tissue it came from. Well-differentiated cancer cells look more like normal cells and tend to grow and spread more slowly than poorly differentiated or undifferentiated cancer cells.
Antacids
Indigestion Pills. used for Heartburn Ex: Prevacid, Tums, Zantac
metastases
Metastases is a complex process that involves the spread of a tumor or cancer to distant parts of the body from its original site. However, this is a difficult process. To successfully colonize a distant area in the body a cancer cell must complete a series of steps before it becomes a clinically detectable lesion.
Benign
Not recurrent; favorable for recovery with appropriate treatment.
Poorly differentiated
Poorly differentiated refers to how the cancer cells look under a microscope. It means that the cells don't look much like normal breast cells. As normal cells develop, they differentiate. This means they change and become specialized, depending on where in the body they are.
Excisional Biopsy
Removal of tumor and a safe margin of normal tissue. Can be curative for many cancers if done before metastases.
En Bloc Resection
Removal of tumor and large amount of surrounding tissue including positive lymph nodes
Antiarthritic
Rheumatism. used for Rheumatoid arthritis. Ex: Aspirin, Humira, Remicade.
Hypnotics
Sleeping pills. used to treat insomnia Ex: Ambien, Lunesta, Sonata.
Oncology
The study of Tumors
Antidepressants
Uppers. Used to relieve depression. Ex: Elavil, Prozac, Tofranil, Zoloft.
Diuretics
Water pills.Used to Lower high blood pressure, and treat congestive heart failure. Ex: Hydrodiuril, Lasix
Prognosis
a forecast of the likely course of a disease or ailment.
Dysrhythmia
abnormal heart rate (sequence of beats)
Biopses
an examination of tissue that was removed from a living body
Chemotherapeutic Agents
any chemical used to treat cancer. It is usually used to refer to anti-neoplastic drugs.
Carcinogens
cancer causing agents
Positive nodes
cancer that has spread to the lymph nodes.
Dysgenesis/Dysplasia
defective development of an anatomic structure.
Cryosurgery
destroying malignant tissue by freezing it with a cold probe. Often used for soft tissues like the liver.
Dystocia
difficult labor or delivery
Dysarthria
difficulty articulating speech.
Dysphagia
difficulty or pain swallowing.
Dyspnea
difficulty, pain with breathing.
Dyspepsia
fancy word for indigestion, "upset stomach"
Adjuvant therapy
for cancer usually refers to surgery followed by chemo- or radiotherapy to help decrease the risk of the cancer recurring
Dyslexia
inability to read with understanding.
Angiogenisis inhibator
is a substance that inhibits the growth of new blood vessels
High grade
likely to grow rapidly and spread quickly
Inoperable
not able to be suitably operated on.
Dysmenorrhea
painful menstruation.
Dysuria
painful urination
Myelosuppression
reduction of bone marrow blood cell replacement
Palliative
relieves symptoms, but does not cure and is reserved for advanced malignancy.
Fractionation
repeated low doses that allow a higher total dose
Radio-resistant
resistant to the effects of radiation
Radiosensative
sensitive to or destructible by various types of radiant energy, as x-rays.
Tumor markers
substances that are produced by tumors or the body's response to presence of a tumor
Malignant
tending to become progressively worse and to result in death; having the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness, and metastasis; said of tumors.
Carcinoma
the most common form of cancer. this develops from epithelia
Chemotherapy
the treatment of disease by the use of chemical substances, especially the treatment of cancer by cytotoxic and other drugs.
Relapse
to fall back into illness after convalescence or apparent recovery.
Metastasize
travel to other areas of the body to form new tumors
