Medical Terminology 5

Analgesics

"Feeling no pain" in Greek. they work on pain, fever, and inflammation. Pain pills. Ex: Aleve, Aspirin, Celebrex, Coedine, Tylenol

Dysentery

"bad bowels" in Latin. Watery, bloody diarrhea may be signs of a parasitic infection

Dyspareunia

"badly mated" in Greek. Painful intercourse.

Fulguration

"lightning" in Latin. Malignant tissue destroyed with an electrocautery instrument (electric current)

Low grade

(of a medical condition) of a less serious kind; minor.

Sarcoma

A rare cancer that arises from connective and supportive tissue

Surgically resectable

A tumor that can be surgically removed.

Antihypertensives

Blood Pressure pills. Lowers high Blood pressure. Ex: Norvasc, Captopen, Inderal, Lotensin.

Anticoagulants

Blood thinners. used for preventing blood clots. Ex: Coumadin (warafin), Heparin

Antibiotics

Bug killers. used for microbial infections Ex: Amoxil, Erythomycin, Keflex, Pen-Vee, Septra, Vibramycin.

No metastases

Cancer hasn't spread

Oncologist

Cancer specialist

Negative nodes

Cancer that has not spread to the lymph nodes

Antihyperlipidemics

Cholesterol pills. Used to lower Cholesterol level. Ex: Lipitor, Niaspin, Pravachol, Zocor.

Antihistamines

Cold and flu pills. Used to stop runny noses, wheezing and itchiness.

Hypoglycemic agents

Diabetic drugs. Lowers high blood sugar. Ex: Diabeta, Glucophage, Glucotrol, Insulin

Tranquilizers

Downers. used to treat anxiety Ex: Valium, Xanax

Anticonvulsants

Epilepsy Drugs. Used to prevent Seizures. Ex: Dilantin(phenytoin), Phenobarbital, Neurontin(gabapentin)

Hippocrates

Father of medicine

Cardiac drugs

Heart medicine. Used to treat abnormal heart rhythms, heart failure, angina pain. Ex: Cardizem, Cordarone, Inderal, Lanoxin.

In remission

If you're in partial remission, it may mean you can take a break from treatment as long as the cancer doesn't begin to grow again. Complete remission means that tests, physical exams, and scans show that all signs of your cancer are gone. Some doctors also refer to complete remission as "no evidence of disease (NED).

Erectile Dysfunction

Impotency. "a man's best friend". used to get a hardie Ex: Cialis, Levitra, Viagra

Well differentiated

In cancer, this describes how much or how little tumor tissue looks like the normal tissue it came from. Well-differentiated cancer cells look more like normal cells and tend to grow and spread more slowly than poorly differentiated or undifferentiated cancer cells.

Antacids

Indigestion Pills. used for Heartburn Ex: Prevacid, Tums, Zantac

metastases

Metastases is a complex process that involves the spread of a tumor or cancer to distant parts of the body from its original site. However, this is a difficult process. To successfully colonize a distant area in the body a cancer cell must complete a series of steps before it becomes a clinically detectable lesion.

Benign

Not recurrent; favorable for recovery with appropriate treatment.

Poorly differentiated

Poorly differentiated refers to how the cancer cells look under a microscope. It means that the cells don't look much like normal breast cells. As normal cells develop, they differentiate. This means they change and become specialized, depending on where in the body they are.

Excisional Biopsy

Removal of tumor and a safe margin of normal tissue. Can be curative for many cancers if done before metastases.

En Bloc Resection

Removal of tumor and large amount of surrounding tissue including positive lymph nodes

Antiarthritic

Rheumatism. used for Rheumatoid arthritis. Ex: Aspirin, Humira, Remicade.

Hypnotics

Sleeping pills. used to treat insomnia Ex: Ambien, Lunesta, Sonata.

Oncology

The study of Tumors

Antidepressants

Uppers. Used to relieve depression. Ex: Elavil, Prozac, Tofranil, Zoloft.

Diuretics

Water pills.Used to Lower high blood pressure, and treat congestive heart failure. Ex: Hydrodiuril, Lasix

Prognosis

a forecast of the likely course of a disease or ailment.

Dysrhythmia

abnormal heart rate (sequence of beats)

Biopses

an examination of tissue that was removed from a living body

Chemotherapeutic Agents

any chemical used to treat cancer. It is usually used to refer to anti-neoplastic drugs.

Carcinogens

cancer causing agents

Positive nodes

cancer that has spread to the lymph nodes.

Dysgenesis/Dysplasia

defective development of an anatomic structure.

Cryosurgery

destroying malignant tissue by freezing it with a cold probe. Often used for soft tissues like the liver.

Dystocia

difficult labor or delivery

Dysarthria

difficulty articulating speech.

Dysphagia

difficulty or pain swallowing.

Dyspnea

difficulty, pain with breathing.

Dyspepsia

fancy word for indigestion, "upset stomach"

Adjuvant therapy

for cancer usually refers to surgery followed by chemo- or radiotherapy to help decrease the risk of the cancer recurring

Dyslexia

inability to read with understanding.

Angiogenisis inhibator

is a substance that inhibits the growth of new blood vessels

High grade

likely to grow rapidly and spread quickly

Inoperable

not able to be suitably operated on.

Dysmenorrhea

painful menstruation.

Dysuria

painful urination

Myelosuppression

reduction of bone marrow blood cell replacement

Palliative

relieves symptoms, but does not cure and is reserved for advanced malignancy.

Fractionation

repeated low doses that allow a higher total dose

Radio-resistant

resistant to the effects of radiation

Radiosensative

sensitive to or destructible by various types of radiant energy, as x-rays.

Tumor markers

substances that are produced by tumors or the body's response to presence of a tumor

Malignant

tending to become progressively worse and to result in death; having the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness, and metastasis; said of tumors.

Carcinoma

the most common form of cancer. this develops from epithelia

Chemotherapy

the treatment of disease by the use of chemical substances, especially the treatment of cancer by cytotoxic and other drugs.

Relapse

to fall back into illness after convalescence or apparent recovery.

Metastasize

travel to other areas of the body to form new tumors