Medical terminology EXAM 3 pt.1 (CH.5 Cardiovascular system)

A heart specialist is be called a: -coronologist. -hemangiologist. -phlebotomist. -cardiologist.

A cardiologist is a heart specialist. A phlebotomist is someone who draws blood. Coronologist and hemangiologist are not specialists.

Which of the following terms is misspelled? -angiplasty -valvulitis -arteriorrhexis -bradycardia

Angiplasty should be spelled angioplasty. The other terms are spelled correctly.

Which of the following surgical procedures would be used to join together two arteries? -endarterectomy -arterial anastomosis -arterial stent -bypass graft

Arterial anastomosis An arterial anastomosis is used to join together two arteries. A bypass graft is used to bypass a blocked artery. An endarterectomy is used to remove the damaged inner lining of an artery. An arterial stent is a stent placed in an artery.

Which of the following statements regarding the atria is FALSE? -Atria are the upper chambers. -Atria pump blood out of the heart. -The two atria are separated by a septum. -Atria receive blood into the heart.

Atria pump blood out of the heart. The ventricles, not the atria, pump blood out of the heart. All other choices are true.

Which of the following abbreviations stands for a surgical procedure? -CHF -CABG -MI -HTN

CABG CABG stands for coronary artery bypass graft, a surgical procedure. MI stands for myocardial infarction, a pathological condition. CHF stands for congestive heart failure, a pathological condition. HTN stands for hypertension, a pathological condition.

Varicose veins in the anal region are called: -aneurysm. -phlebomegaly. -phleboma. -hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids are varicose veins in the anal region. Phlebomegaly and phleboma are not medical terms. Aneurysm is a weakened and ballooned artery.

hemorrhoids Hemorrhoids are varicose veins in the anal region. Phlebomegaly and phleboma are not medical terms. Aneurysm is a weakened and ballooned artery.

An aneurysm is a ballooning (localized widening) of a vein. -True -False

False An aneurysm is a ballooning or localized widening of an artery.

Which of the following conditions involves periodic ischemic attacks affecting the extremities of the body? -thromboses -varicose veins -Raynaud's phenomenon -patent ductus arteriosus

Raynaud's phenomenon Raynaud's phenomenon is a condition in which periodic ischemic attacks affect the body's extremities. A patent ductus arteriosus is when the ductus arteriosus fails to close at birth. Thromboses refer to more than one thrombosis. Varicose veins are enlarged veins.

A thrombolytic medication dissolves clots. -True -False

True

Which of the following terms means a yellow fatty deposit of lipids in an artery? -arterioma -plaque -ischemia -stent

-plaque Plaque is a yellow fatty deposit of lipids in an artery. An arterioma is an artery growth. Ischemia is a temporary deficiency of blood supply. A stent is a stainless steel tube placed within a blood vessel or a duct to widen the lumen.

The circulatory system transports waste to all the following organs EXCEPT the: -rectum. -lung. -kidney. -liver.

rectum. Waste is transported to the rectum by the colon. The circulatory system transports waste to the kidneys, lungs, and liver.

CPR is a combination of chest compressions and artificial respiration. -True -False

true

In which of the following conditions is a heart valve too loose? -valvulitis -valve prolapse -valve stenosis -valvoplasty

valve prolapse Valve prolapse means a valve is too loose. Valvoplasty is a surgical procedure to repair a heart valve. Valvulitis means an inflamed valve. Valve stenosis means valve narrowing.

In bacterial endocarditis, the mass of bacteria that forms is referred to as: -pyoma. -a thrombus. -vegetation. -bacterioma.

vegetation The mass of bacteria in bacterial endocarditis is referred to as vegetation. Bacterioma is not a correctly built medical term. A thrombus is a blood clot within a blood vessel. Pyoma would be a pus tumor.

The term fibrillation means that: -the heart is beating too fast. -the heart has suffered a heart attack. -the heartbeat is dangerously irregular. -the heart has stopped beating.

the heartbeat is dangerously irregular. Fibrillation is a dangerously irregular heartbeat. Tachycardia is the heart beating too fast. Cardiac arrest means that the heart has stopped beating. If someone has had a myocardial infarction, they have suffered a heart attack.

Streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator are used for: -thrombolytic therapy. -open heart surgery. -defibrillation. -hypertension.

thrombolytic therapy. Streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator are used for thrombolytic therapy. The other choices are incorrect.

The complete stopping of heart activity is called: -angina pectoris. -bundle branch block. -cardiac arrest. -fibrillation.

Cardiac arrest Cardiac arrest is the complete stopping of heart activity. Fibrillation is an extremely serious arrhythmia. A bundle branch block is where the electrical impulse is blocked from traveling down the atrioventricular bundle or bundle branches, causing the ventricles to beat at a different rate from the atria. Angina pectoris is chest pain.

Which of the following diagnostic procedures is a blood test? -cardiac biomarkers -Holter monitor -cardiac scan -Doppler ultrasound

Cardiac biomarkers are part of a blood test. A Holter monitor, cardiac scan, and Doppler ultrasound all use electronic equipment.

An EMG is a record of the electrical activity of the heart. True -False ECG is the abbreviation for electrocardiogram, a record of the electrical activity of the heart. EMG is the abbreviation for electromyogram, a record of the electrical activity of the muscles.

False ECG is the abbreviation for electrocardiogram, a record of the electrical activity of the heart. EMG is the abbreviation for electromyogram, a record of the electrical activity of the muscles.

Which of the following terms means high pressure? -hypermanometer -supratension -Hypertension -hypotension

Hypertension Hyper- means excessive and -tension means pressure, so hypertension means high pressure. -manometer means instrument to measure pressure; hypermanometer is not a medical term. Hypo- means insufficient, so hypotension means low pressure. Supra- means above; supratension is not a medical term.

Which of the following abbreviations stands for a heart attack? -MI -HTN -CAD -MR

MI MI stands for myocardial infarction, a heart attack. HTN stands for hypertension, high blood pressure. CAD stands for coronary artery disease. MR stands for mitral regurgitation, a mitral valve problem.

Which of the following terms is misspelled? -plaque -murmer -palpitation -stethoscope

Murmer should be spelled murmur. The other terms are spelled correctly.

Which of the following is also known as the pacemaker of the heart? -atrioventricular bundle -atrioventricular node -sinoatrial node -Purkinje fibers

Sinoartrial node The sinoatrial node is known as the pacemaker of the heart. It is the beginning of the heart's electrical conduction system. The impulse travels down the internodal pathway to the atrioventricular node, to the atrioventricular bundle, to the bundle branches, and into the Purkinje fibers.

Which of the following statements regarding the conduction system of the heart is FALSE? -Purkinje fibers in the ventricular myocardium are stimulated. -The heart rate is regulated by the autonomic nervous system. -The atrioventricular (AV) node stimulates the sinoatrial (SA) node. The SA node stimulates the AV node, not the other way around. All other choices are true. -The conduction system stimulates the different chambers of the heart in the correct order.

The atrioventricular (AV) node stimulates the sinoatrial (SA) node. The SA node stimulates the AV node, not the other way around. All other choices are true.

Which structure of the conduction system was formerly called the bundle of His? -atrioventricular septum -atrioventricular node -bundle branches -atrioventricular bundle

The atrioventricular bundle was once known as the bundle of His.

Which of the following conditions is NOT a congenital anomaly? -tetralogy of Fallot -aneurysm -coarctation of the aorta -patent ductus arteriosus

aneurysm An aneurysm is a ballooning of an artery and is not a congenital anomaly. The other choices are congenital anomalies.

A weakened and ballooned artery is called a(n): -arteriosclerosis. -atherosclerosis. -aneurysm. -phlebitis.

aneurysm An aneurysm is a weakened and ballooned artery. Arteriosclerosis is a hardening artery. Phlebitis is an inflamed vein. Atherosclerosis is a deposit of fatty yellow lipids in an artery.

Blood exits the left side of the heart into the: -aorta. -pulmonary vein. -vena cavae. -pulmonary artery

aorta. Blood exits the left side of the heart into the aorta. Blood enters the right side of the heart from the vena cavae. Blood is returned to the left side of the heart by the pulmonary veins. Blood exits the right side of the heart into the pulmonary arteries.

The most common form of arteriosclerosis is: -atheroma. -atherosclerosis. -pericarditis. -polyarteritis.

atherosclerosis. The most common form of arteriosclerosis is atherosclerosis. Polyarteritis is an inflammation of multiple arteries. Pericarditis is inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart. Atheroma is a fatty substance growth.

Which of the following terms means listening to the sounds within the body? -murmur -palpitations -auscultation -stethoscope

aucultation Auscultation means listening to the sounds within the body. You listen using a stethoscope. Palpitations are racing heartbeats. A murmur is a sound arising from blood flowing through the heart.

The diffusion of oxygen and nutrients from the blood into the body tissues occurs in the: -aorta. -lungs. -heart. -capillary beds.

capillary beds. The diffusion of oxygen and nutrients from the blood into the body tissues occurs in the capillary beds. The other choices are incorrect.

Which of the following terms means enlarged heart? -cardiosclerosis -cardiomegaly -cardiorrhexis -cardiostenosis

cardiomegaly Cardi/o means heart and -megaly means enlarged; thus, cardiomegaly means enlarged heart. -stenosis means narrowing, so cardiostenosis means narrowing heart. -sclerosis means hardening; therefore, cardiosclerosis means hardening heart.

Which of the following medications increases the force of cardiac muscle contractions? -cardiotonic -antiarrhythmics -beta-blocker drugs -diuretics

cardiotonic

Which of the following surgical procedures removes the damaged inner lining of an artery? -ligation and stripping -endarterectomy -arterial anastomosis -embolectomy

endarterectomy An endarterectomy removes the damaged inner lining of an artery. Arterial anastomosis is the surgical joining of two arteries. Ligation and stripping is a surgical treatment for varicose veins. Embolectomy is the surgical removal of an embolus.

A temporary deficiency of blood supply is called infarct. -True -False A temporary deficiency of blood supply is called ischemia. Tissue death due to a loss of blood supply is an infarct.

false A temporary deficiency of blood supply is called ischemia. Tissue death due to a loss of blood supply is an infarct.

The endocardium is the outer layer of the heart. -True -False

false The endocardium is the inner layer of the heart. The epicardium is the outer layer of the heart.

Which of the following terms means pertaining to between the atria? -transatrial -interarterial -interatrial -intra-atrial

interarterial Inter- means between, atri/o means atrium, and -al means pertaining to; thus, interatrial means pertaining to between the atria. Intra- means within; therefore, intra-atrial means pertaining to within the atria. Arteri/o means artery; hence, interarterial means pertaining to between the arteries. Trans- means across; therefore, transatrial means across the atria.

Which of the following surgical procedures is used to treat varicose veins? -ligation and stripping -stent placement -aneurysmectomy -embolectomy

ligation and stripping Ligation and stripping is used to treat varicose veins. A stent placement is used to treat coronary artery disease. Embolectomy is the surgical removal of an embolus. An aneurysmectomy is the surgical removal of an aneurysm.

Which heart valve has two cusps? -mitral -pulmonary -aortic -tricuspid

mitral The mitral valve has two cusps. The tricuspid has three cusps. The aortic and pulmonary valves are semilunar valves.

The aorta carries: -deoxygenated blood to the lungs. -oxygenated blood to the body. -oxygenated blood to the lungs. -deoxygenated blood to the heart.

oxygenated blood to the body. The aorta carries oxygenated blood to the body. The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs. The vena cavae carry deoxygenated blood to the heart.

Which of the following terms means pounding, racing heartbeat? -palpitation -murmur -angiospasm -plaque

palpitation Palpitations are pounding, racing heartbeats. An angiospasm is an involuntary muscle contraction of a vessel. A murmur is a heart sound. Plaque is a yellow fatty deposit of lipids in an artery.

Which of the following combining forms refers to a structure not found inside the heart? -atri/o -valvul/o -phleb/o -ventricul/o

phleb/o Phleb/o is for vein, which is not inside the heart. Atri/o is for atrium, valvul/o for valve, and ventricul/o for ventricle; all are found inside the heart.

Which of the following terms means to flow backward? -regurgitation -infarct -palpitation -stent

regurgitation Regurgitation means to flow backward. An infarct is an area of tissue within an organ or part that undergoes necrosis following the loss of its blood supply. A stent is a stainless steel tube placed within a blood vessel or duct to widen the lumen. A palpitation is a pounding, racing heartbeat.

Which of the following terms is misspelled? -myocardial -atherosclerosis -interventricular -phleboitis

Phleboitis should be spelled phlebitis. The other terms are spelled correctly.

Which of the following abbreviations indicates an arrhythmia? -ECC -MR -MI -V fib

V fib

A murmur may or may not indicate a heart abnormality. -True -False

true

In an infarct, an area of tissue in an organ undergoes necrosis. -True -False

true

Ligation and stripping is a surgical treatment for varicose veins. -True -False

true

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty uses a balloon to enlarge the lumen of a blocked artery. -True -False

true

Which of the following medications does NOT treat hypertension? -ACE inhibitors -beta-blockers -vasopressors -calcium channel blockers

vaso repressors Vasopressors raise blood pressure, not lower it. ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and beta-blockers all treat hypertension.