Metals and Extraction

Is there a reaction between magnesium and iron sulphate?

Yes.

Is there a reaction between magnesium and zinc sulphate?

Yes.

Is there a reaction between zinc and copper sulphate?

Yes.

Why would we want to create an alloy?

You may wish to add one metal to another as it is stronger, as well as getting the desired properties from both. They do not scratch as easily as an ordinary. Metals that do not function as well individually may be created into an alloy to produce a better result.

Is there a reaction between zinc and iron sulphate?

Yes.

What is an ore?

An ore is a type of rock containing minerals with important elements including metals.

What are negative ions that are attracted to anodes called?

Anions.

What is the name of the positive electrode?

Anode.

List all the true facts of transition metals.

Are found in the middle of the periodic table. Are usually good conductors of heat and electricity. Are all solids at room temperature apart from mercury. Are usually strong. Are usually malleable. Examples are iron, silver and titanium. Are usually dense. Are usually ductile. They have lots of uses. Are usually good insulators of heat and electricity.

What is bioleaching?

Bioleaching uses bacteria to separate copper and copper sulphide. The bacteria gets energy from the bond between copper and sulphur, separating out the copper from the ore in the process. The leachate (the solution produced by the process contains copper, which can be extracted, e.g. by filtering. This is much cleaner than the traditional heap leaching using cyanide. This metal shall be used to recover less reactive metals such as copper, zinc, lead, nickel, gold and silver. However, most commonly, copper shall be used. The bacteria wishes to break the bond between the copper and copper sulphate.

I am less reactive than potassium but will displace ten. You can find me all around you in different solid and gas forms. Who am I?

Carbon.

What is the name of the negative electrode?

Cathode.

What are positive ions that are attracted to cathodes called?

Cations.

What is displacement?

Displacement is when you use an item higher then you're destined metal in the reactivity series in order to extract it. You can use an ore to do this. Carbon is the most practical to use to use as it is cheap. For example, if you wish to extract zinc sulphate from sodium, the carbon shall react with zinc as it is higher than it. Separating it from the sodium.

Fill in the gaps. Electrolysis is the ...... of an ...... compound by passing an ...... current through it. The ...... have to be free to move so the compound has to be ...... or dissolved in water.

Electrolysis is the decomposition of an ionic compound by passing an electric current through it. The ions have to be free to move so the compound has to be molten or dissolved in water.

What is electrolysis?

Electrolysis is when you have two electrodes, an anode and a cathode in molten salt or ions in solution. The positive ion shall be attracted to the cathode, whilst the negative ions will be attracted to the anode. This separates the differing ions. This method only works in ionic bonds.

What are the three methods of metal extraction?

Electrolysis. Displacement. Planning.

Aluminium will displace potassium. True or false?

False.

Calcium will displace sodium. True or false?

False.

Carbon will displace aluminium. True or false?

False.

Copper will displace iron. True or false?

False.

While I'm dull from a reactivity perspective (only more reactive than Platinum), I'm highly prized particularly by athletes. Who am I?

Gold.

List some properties of metals.

Good conductors of heat an electricity, strong and malleable.

List the properties of an alloy.

In layers. Ductile. Malleable. Electrons are free to move (delocalised). Good conductor of electricity and heat through metal.

Pick one use of iron and explain which properties make it good at this job.

Iron can be used in building structures as it is strong and has a high melting and boiling point.

I'm a really useful metal, in fact I'm probably helping you sit right now. I am one of those metals who has a symbol of letters that are not found in my name. I am more reactive than tin. Who am I?

Iron.

Why shall zinc react with oxygen rather than iron?

Oxygen and zinc is more reactive than iron and zinc.

Why is an alloy stronger than an ordinary metal?

It's atoms are more closely combined together.

List the reactivity series in order of most reactive to least reactive.

K - Potassium Na - Sodium Ca - Calcium Mg - Magnesium Al - Aluminium C - CARBON Zn - Zinc Fe - Iron Sn - Tin Pb - Lead H - HYDROGEN Cu - Copper Ag - Silver Au - Gold Pt - Platinum

I was used in the past for everything from cups to wine additive (until they realised that I sent people mad). I'm in the bottom half of the activity series. Its name in Latin (from which its symbol comes) is the source I the word "Plumbing". Who am I?

Lead.

Is there a reaction between iron and copper sulphate?

Yes.

What makes a metal malleable?

Multiple layers sliding over each other.

Is there a reaction between copper and iron sulphate?

No.

Is there a reaction between copper and magnesium sulphate?

No.

Is there a reaction between copper and zinc sulphate?

No.

Is there a reaction between iron and magnesium sulphate?

No.

Is there a reaction between iron and zinc sulphate?

No.

Is there a reaction between zinc and magnesium sulphate?

No.

What is panning?

Panning is digging for individual metals, such as gold. You are more likely to find metals that are lower down the reactivity series, as they are less likely to react with its surroundings and create a bond.

What is a mnemonic for the reactivity series?

Paul Saw Caterpillars Mayflies And Crayfish Zooming In The Large Home Created Sharing Gingerbread Playfully

What is phytomining?

Phytomining involves growing plants in soil that contain copper, generally. The copper builds up in the plants leaves. You then burn the plant, and the copper is left in the ash. However, he process can be slow.

I am one of the alkali metals that is important for plant growth. I'm highly reactive in most circumstances. Who am I?

Potassium.

Why does the direction in electrolysis have to be direct current?

So that it's always flowing in one direction.

Why do metals conduct heat?

The free electrons conduct heat as the move freely. Some metals may have more electrons, therefore conducting more heat.

Is there a reaction between magnesium and copper sulphate?

Yes.

What is seen at the positive electrode?

There shall be seen bubbles of chlorine.

What is seen at the negative electrode?

There shall be seen pure copper.

In electrolysis, why does the elements being extracted have to be molten or in solution?

This is so in order for the ions to move freely.

Gold will displace platinum. True or false?

True.

Iron will displace silver. True or false?

True.

Lead will displace copper. True or false?

True.

Magnesium will displace copper. True or false?

True.

Zinc will displace tin. True or false?

True.

What is an alloy?

Two or more metals bound together, no longer in layers. It may be a metal and another substance, but generally is another metal.

What do we mean by reactivity?

We mean how much something wishes to react.

Why is displacement important in industry?

Without displacement we wouldn't be able to have the singular metals that we wish to find.