MGMT 3000 Exam 1
All of the following are true EXCEPT: 1. Both positive and negative emotions can be contagious. 2. The social impact of negative emotions last longer than positive emotions. 3. Some people are more susceptible to emotional contagion than others. Correct! 4. Typically, everyone reacts emotionally to the same situation in the same way.
4. Typically, everyone reacts emotionally to the same situation in the same way.
Emotions
A Short, intense feeling resulting from some event.
Which of the following is likely to produce an effective organization?
A firm that employs selective hiring practices.
Deep acting
Actively try to experience the emotion they are displaying.
Which of the following statements about the personality trait agreeableness is FALSE?
All occupations look to hire people who are high in agreeableness.
Which of the following is accurate for the relationship between attitudes and performance?
All of the above.
Research on turnover indicates which of the following statements is FALSE?
All turnover is bad for an organization.
Which of the following statements about exit interviews is true?
An exit interview should be conducted by a member of the human resource department for best results.
Which of the following statements is true?
Attitude provides clues to behavior, but situational factors also impact behavior.
Self-management
Being able to direction your emotions in a positive way when needed.
Relationship management
Being able to help others manage their own emotions and truly establish supportive relationships with others.
Self-awareness
Being able to perceive, evaluate, and display appropriate emotions
Social awareness<
Being able to understand how others feel.
Who is most responsible for making strategic decisions?
CEOs.
Which of the following statements about surveys is INCORRECT?
Close-ended question responses are difficult to summarize.
Which of the following statements regarding job performance is INCORRECT?
Contrary to what most people would think, stress has very little impact on job performance.
Which of the following statements is a good suggestion for managing cultural diversity?
Culture changes, sometimes quickly; do not assume that what was true a year ago is true today.
Which of the following statements on the benefits of effective management of diversity is INCORRECT?
Diverse workforces create cheaper products
Research on diversity in the workplace has not substantiated which of the following benefit to firms?
Diversity, and the presence of faultlines, increases cohesiveness at work.
Which of the following statements regarding turnover is true?
Even though they are very unhappy with a job, employees may not leave an organization.
There is a near perfect strong relationship between good person/organization fit and high job performance.
False
When people fit their jobs, they experience higher levels of stress.
False
Which of the following statements regarding diversity in the workplace is correct?
Federal law requires reasonable accommodation be considered when an employee brings up a disability.
Which of the following statements regarding first impressions is INCORRECT?
First impressions are fleeting impressions.
Individuals are influenced in their decision making by all of the following EXCEPT 1. escalation of commitment. 2.foresight bias. 3 .anchoring. 4. framing bias.
Foresight bias.
Which of the following statements regarding group decision support systems (GDSS) is INCORRECT?
GDSS avoids all possibilities of information overload.
What is the most challenging or difficult step in the rational decision-making process?
Generate alternatives.
A culture categorized by high uncertainty avoidance is
Greece.
Which of the following is true for group decision making?
Groups often perform lower than the best individual in the group.
Which of the following scenarios is likely to produce low levels of citizenship behaviors?
Horatio is a young engineer with negative affectivity
An example of an operational decision is
How often do I go back to the stockroom to get additional products for display?
Which of the following questions is an example of a tactical decision?
How should we market the new product line?
If a collectivist was told, "Tell me about yourself.", he might say
I am the third child of a doctor and a lawyer.
Which is the first step in the rational decision-making model?
Identify the problem.
Which of the following statements about attribution is correct?
If we make an external attribution to someone's goal achievement, we are less likely to reward the individual.
Which of the following statements regarding the management of demographic diversity is INCORRECT?
In the most successful companies, diversity is viewed as human resource management department's responsibility.
Which of the following statements regarding the Big 5 personality traits is NOT true?
Individuals high in extraversion are model employees.
Which of the following statements regarding age and how long we have been at the firm and turnover is FALSE?
Individuals who have been on the job only a short period of time are unlikely to turnover because they just got the job.
Which of the following statements about the creative decision-making model is INCORRECT?
Innovation and creativity are the same process.
Which of the following statements regarding absenteeism is INCORRECT?
Instituting organizational policies that penalize absenteeism are reasonable approaches to controlling the problem.
When analyzing the information on work attitudes and aspects of the work environment, which of the following statements is true?
Maintenance of the psychological contract helps develop organizational commitment.
Which of the following is NOT a recommended step to take to avoid getting stuck in the storming phase of Tuckman's group development?
Make sure to limit discussions and discussants. It is not productive to re-hash all the same points over and over.
Which of the following statements regarding diversity in the workplace is accurate?
More than half of the Fortune 500 companies offer same sex health benefits to their employees.
__________ is the degree to which a person is anxious, irritable, aggressive and moody.
Neuroticism
Which of the following statements regarding race diversity in the American workplace is correct?
Overt discrimination against ethnic minorities still occurs in many workplaces.
All of the following cultures are categorized as individualistic EXCEPT USA. United Kingdom. Pakistan. Australia.
Pakistan.
Which of the following statements regarding employee satisfaction at work is FALSE?
Pay is the most important aspect of job satisfaction.
Which of the following is NOT an unrealistic assumption made in the rational decision making model?
People have perceptual biases.
Which of the following statements regarding power distance and teams is correct?
People in high power distance countries expect unequal power distribution in the social, political and economic areas.
Which of the following statements is true?
People who are critical of themselves experience less job satisfaction
Which of the following statements regarding work attitudes and job performance is accurate?
People who are happy at work are more satisfied in their overall life too.
Which statement regarding citizenship behaviors is accurate? Correct!
People who are older demonstrate higher levels of citizenship.
Which of the following statements about self-efficacy is INCORRECT? Self-efficacy is job specific. People with high self-efficacy tend to procrastinate. Self-efficacy is related to job performance. Training people to increase their self-efficacy can be effective.
People with high self-efficacy tend to procrastinate.
Which of the following statements about work attitude causes is accurate?
Person/job fit is positively related to job satisfaction.
Research suggests which of the following relationships between performance and turnover?
Poor performers are more likely to quit their jobs compared to high performers.
Which of the following is the correct order of the phases in the creative decision-making model?
Problem identification, immersion, incubation, illumination, verification and application.
Research on absenteeism indicates which of the following statements to be accurate?
Problems in job design can result in absenteeism.
Positive emotions
Reactions to desired events
Negative emotions
Reactions to undesired events
All of the following statements about emotional labor are TRUE except: Hiding negative emotions from others can lead to emotional labor. Surface acting is related to higher levels of stress and fewer felt positive emotions Deep acting may lead to less stress Emotional labor is particularly common in service industries. Taking breaks can help surface actors to cope more effectively Research suggests that greater autonomy is related to more strain for service workers in France.
Research suggests that greater autonomy is related to more strain for service workers in France.
An example of a strategic decision is
Should we downsize our organization?
Which of the following is a situation where a team will NOT be needed in the organization?
Tasks to be performed are independent of one another.
Which of the following statements regarding team size and diversity is correct?
Teams that believe in the value of diversity perform better than those which do not.
Which of the following statements regarding the rational decision-making model is INCORRECT?
The decision maker should generate alternatives before establishing criteria.
Emotional Intelligence
The degree of awareness of one's own and other's emotions.
Which of the following statements about emotions at work is FALSE
The effects of negative emotions at work typically do not have significant impacts on customers.
Which of the following statements regarding the explanations for the glass ceiling is INCORRECT?
The glass ceiling may exist for women because they lack the education levels necessary to assume high-level managerial positions.
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT with regard to the concept of social loafing?
The incidence of social loafing declines as group size increases.
Which of the following statements regarding the predictors of organizational citizenship behaviors is FALSE? The link between ability and citizenship behavior is stronger than the link between motivation and citizenship behavior. The most important factor in determining employee citizenship behavior is how employees are treated by those around them. People with positive affectivity tend to exhibit stronger citizenship behaviors. Older people tend to exhibit stronger citizenship behaviors than younger people.
The link between ability and citizenship behavior is stronger than the link between motivation and citizenship behavior.
Which of the following statements regarding Gersick's punctuated equilibrium model is INCORRECT?
The model views group development as a linear process.
Which of the following statements related to fundamental factors affecting a group's cohesion is correct?
The more similar group members are, the more cohesive the group is likely to be.
Which of the following statements regarding techniques for making better decisions is INCORRECT?
The nominal group technique is a technique used routinely at most meetings.
Emotional labor
The regulation of feelings and expressions for organizational purposes.
Which of the following statements about case studies is true?
They are a way to gather data and explain an event or situation in detail.
Which of the following statements regarding work attitude and performance is FALSE?
Those with the most positive work attitudes are always strong performers.
Gender discrimination is prohibited by which of the following laws?
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act
Which of the following laws prohibits discrimination based on race, color, sex or national origin?
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act
All of the following statements are correct about top management teams EXCEPT
Top teams are most effective when there is limited diversity in their composition.
Person/job fit and person/organization fit are positively related to job satisfaction.
True
Winning the war for talent means attracting the right workers who will be enthusiastic about their work.
True
Which of the following statements about values is true? Values impact the individual, but not how they work. Values are not very stable; they change over short periods of time. Values affect the decisions people make, but have little impact on their behavior. Values are the result of accumulation of life experiences.
Values are the result of accumulation of life experiences.
Genuine acting
When individuals are asked to display emotions that are aligned with their own.
Which of the following is not an explanation that has been offered to account for the earnings gap of 21% between the pay of females and males?
Women lack the high-level skill sets that men possess.
Indicate which of the following statements is true.
Work attitude is related to organizational citizenship behaviors.
A group is
a collection of individuals who interact with each other such that one person's actions have an impact on the others.
A culture that values maintaining good relationships, caring for the weak and quality of life is
a feminine culture.
Research conducted in an actual organization is
a field study.
A stereotype is
a generalization about a particular group of people.
Collective efficacy is
a group's perception of its ability to successfully perform well.
Research that is performed under very controlled conditions and can include observation, interviews, or experiments is called
a lab study.
Low distinctiveness is characterized by
a person behaving this way in different situations.
Datum is
a single observation.
An entity that takes on different values is
a variable.
To satisfice is to
accept the first alternative that meets your general criteria.
Which of the following is a deep-level diversity trait?
aggressiveness
People who exhibit the Big 5 personality characteristic of openness would be most likely to work in which of the following firms?
an entrepreneurial start-up in the high tech industr
Analyses of companies that utilize teams indicate some impressive results. Team-based organizations tend to show all the following results but
an increase in marketing.
All of the following are challenges of managing age diversity in the workplace EXCEPT
an-age diverse team offers fewer alternatives to a problem than a team where there is limited age diversity.
The availability of too much information leading to more and more time being spent on gathering information and thinking about it, resulting in no decisions being made is
analysis paralysis.
Studies on decision making have been carried out in all of these disciplines EXCEPT
anthropology
Reasonable accommodations for employees with disabilities may include all of the following EXCEP
assignment of their essential job functions to other employees.
Companies track employee work attitudes through
attitude surveys.
Deep-level diversity traits include
attitudes.
Which of the following is a surface-level diversity trait?
being Asian
Among the limitations associated with using personality tests in employee selection is
candidates faking their answers.
Experts make decisions in the intuitive decision-making models based on all the following but
climate.
A group where there is a great deal of camaraderie is a group experiencing
cohesion.
Task roles include contractor, creator, and
completer.
Across a variety of occupations and jobs, what is the one personality trait that most uniformly predicts how high a person's performance will be?
conscientiousness
Boundary spanning roles include coordinator and
consul.
The _____________ role in a team creates deadlines for the team, schedules production, and sequences tasks.
contractor
The values, beliefs, and customs that exist in a society is
culture.
Collectivistic cultures are
cultures where people have strong bonds to their groups and group membership forms a person's self-identity
Idea generation tasks
deal with creative tasks such as brainstorming a new direction or creating a new process.
Escalation of commitment occurs because
decision makers do not want to admit they were wrong.
Making choices among alternative courses of action, including inaction, is
decision making.
Person/job fit is the
degree to which a person's skill, knowledge, abilities and other characteristics match the job demands.
Person/organization fit is the
degree to which a person's values, personality, goals and other characteristics match those of the organization.
A recent National Association of Colleges and Employers survey indicated all of the following are important skills for evaluating job candidates EXCEPT
demographics.
Research on the relationship between personality and job performance indicates
dependable people are better performers than those less dependable.
The data gathered from forecasting helps the recruitment process by:
determining how many people must be hired or trained and with what skills.
Teams differ by all of the following task classes EXCEPT
development tasks.
The ways in which people are similar or different from one another is
diversity.
Operational decisions are made by
employees throughout the organization.
The belief that one's own culture is superior to other cultures is
ethnocentrism.
Negative affective people
experience anxiety.
When an incomplete figure appears on a sheet of paper, we are able to discern the entire figure because we
extrapolate from the information available to us.
Which personality characteristic tends to lead to effectiveness in jobs with a lot of opportunities to interact with others?
extraversion
Empathy is to agreeableness as sociability is to ______________.
extraversion.
Symptoms of too much cohesion include
failures are blamed on external factors.
Group members in the norming stage
find it easy to establish their own ground rules.
All of the following factors contribute to job satisfaction and organizational commitment EXCEPT personality. job characteristics. work/life balance. firm competitiveness in the market.
firm competitiveness in the market.
The tendency for decision makers to be influenced by the way that a situation or problem is presented is
framing bias.
Surface diversity traits include
gender.
Research indicates which of the following factor is the strongest predictor of job performance?
general mental ability
The tendency to avoid a critical evaluation of ideas that the group favors is called
groupthink.
Characteristics of cohesive groups include all of the following EXCEPT
having a random pattern of communication.
Empowerment means
having the responsibility and authority to reach goals.
Which of the following is NOT a fundamental factor impacting a group's cohesion?
height
The norming stage in Tuckman's model of group evolution features
high energy with group members committed to each other and the overall goal.
All of the following stressors lead to lower job satisfaction and organizational commitment EXCEPT:
high responsibility at work.
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of effective management of diversity? greater creativity in decision making better service to customers higher productivity of operations more satisfied workers
higher productivity of operations
Which of the following factors is a major predictor of job performance?
how we are treated at work
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of groupthink?
illusion of vulnerability
Self managed teams typically have all the following goals EXCEPT
increased conflict.
Which of the following is a key level of analysis investigated in Organizational Behavior
individual.
Which decision-making model would you use when your goals are unclear, there is time pressure, and you have experience with the problem?
intuitive decision making model
If you do not have relevant expertise in the issues to make a decision, you should NOT use which decision making model?
intuitive decision-making
Internal attribution
is the belief that a behavior is caused by the internal characteristics of a person.
The glass ceiling
is the under representation of women in executive and upper level management positions of companies.
Outcome interdependence
is when the rewards that an individual receives depend on the performance of others.
According to the authors of Organizational Behavior, a company's greatest asset is
its people.
If one looks at the number of studies conducted on attitude, which of the following seems to be the most important?
job satisfaction
Research on team size suggests
larger groups are generally required for very complex tasks.
Research indicates that all of the following characteristics produce healthy organizations EXCEPT role clarity. participative decision making. information sharing. limited feedback.
limited feedback.
Question 72 0.1 / 0.1 pts Internal attribution occurs with
low consensus, low distinctiveness, and high consistency.
Cultures that are comfortable in unpredictable situations and have high tolerance for ambiguity are
low uncertainty avoidance cultures.
Tactical decisions are generally made by
managers.
Workforce satisfaction is related to all the following outcomes EXCEPT
more absenteeism.
The special challenges that virtual teams pose for a manager include all of the following EXCEPT building trust with virtual team. not being physically seen by managers. nature of decision making by virtual team. nature of communication used with virtual team.
nature of decision making by virtual team.
Which of the following is related to lower levels of organizational commitment?
negative affective disposition
A unique, nonroutine, important decision requiring conscious thinking, information gathering, and careful consideration of alternatives is a(n)
nonprogrammed decision.
Which of stage in Tuckman's forming-storming-norming-performing model is characterized by the establishment of ground rules and operating procedures and goals by group participants?
norming
Which stage of Tuckman's group development model is characterized by increased respect and openness?
norming
Overconfidence bias
occurs when individuals overestimate their ability to predict future events.
Stereotypes
often lead to unfair decisions being made.
Programmed decisions are
ones which occur frequently enough that an automated response is developed for them
The systematic study and application of knowledge about how individuals and groups act within the organizations where they work is
organizational behavior.
An attitude is
our opinions, beliefs and feelings about our environment.
All of the following are barriers to effective teams EXCEPT
overly helpful team members.
Research on job characteristics indicate that
people who have high growth need tend to expect their jobs to help them build new skills.
Which of the following is not a key factor in understanding what kind of attributions we make?
perception
Organizational citizenship behaviors include all of the following EXCEPT
performing the duties in one's job description.
Job satisfaction can be enhanced by
person-job fit and person-organization fit.
The relatively stable feelings, thoughts, and behavioral patterns a person has is
personality.
Which of the following factors is not a cause of high levels of absenteeism in a firm?
positive work attitudes
The Americans with Disabilities Act
prohibits discrimination in employment against individuals with physical or mental disabilities if these employees are otherwise qualified to do their jobs with or without reasonable accommodation.
Research indicates that effective organizations tend to
provide as much employment security as possible to their employees.
Organizational behavior draws heavily on personality and motivation studies from what other discipline?
psychology
All of the following are factors that researchers focus on to evaluate the level of creativity in the decision making process EXCEPT fluency. flexibility. rationality. originality.
rationality.
A control group
receives no experimental manipulation.
The bounded rationality decision-making model
recognizes the limitations of decision making processes by having individuals knowingly limit their options to a manageable set and choose the best alternative without conducting an exhaustive search of alternatives.
Problem solving tasks
refer to coming up with plans for actions and making decisions.
Values
refer to stable life goals people have, reflecting what is most important to them.
Strategic decisions
refer to those setting the course of the organization.
Operational decisions
refer to those things that employees do each day to make the organization run.
The creative decision-making process
refers to arriving at decisions after first gathering information about the problem and then setting the problem consciously aside until an insightful solution to the problem arises.
Task interdependence
refers to the degree that team members are dependent upon one another to get information, support or materials from other team members to be effective
The likelihood that findings in a given study would be found in another setting or study is
reliability.
Which of the following statements about work attitude causes is true?
role ambiguity can lead to job dissatisfaction.
Experts propose that creativity occurs as a result of the interaction between all of the following factors EXCEPT
serendipity or luck.
Norms are
shared expectations about how things operate within a group or team.
Work on team processes has been carried out in what area?
sociology
What is the second stage in Tuckman's four-stage map of group evolution?
storming
According to Gersick's punctuated equilibrium model, groups repeatedly cycle through which two stages?
storming and performing.
Which of the following is accurate according to organizational behavior research?
successful companies treat their employees well.
Demographic traits make up
surface diversity.
Our first interaction with individuals makes us aware of
surface diversity.
A decision which centers on how things get done is a(n)
tactical decision.
High social monitors
tend to be more successful in their careers.
Companies in cultures high in uncertainty avoidance
tend to have written employment contracts for employees.
Hypotheses are
tentative guesses for expected observations that can be tested.
When the goal of the decision making exercise is to make a satisfactory decision because you are limited in some way such as effort, you should utilize
the bounded rationality decision-making model
The advantages of group decision making over individual decision making include all of the following EXCEPT
the decision-making process is more efficient.
Organizational commitment is
the emotional attachment people have toward the company they work for.
Self-monitoring is
the extent to which a person is capable of monitoring his/her actions and appearance in social situations.
Job satisfaction is
the feelings people have toward their jobs.
Research shows that all of the following impact the employee's satisfaction with the job and commitment to the organization EXCEPT
the firm's competitiveness.
All of the following statements characterize a group at the storming stage EXCEPT
the group is competent, autonomous, and insightful.
The decision-making process where decisions are arrived at without conscious reasoning, arguing that experts make decisions by scanning the environment for cues to recognize patterns is
the intuitive decision-making model.
Attitude surveys conducted by companies produce more useful information if
the management is perceived as credible by employees.
The bounded rationality model should be used to make decisions when
the minimum criteria are clear.
The decision-making technique designed to help with group decision making by ensuring that all members participate fully is
the nominal group technique.
The creativity level evaluation factor of fluency is
the number of ideas a person is able to generate.
Meta-analysis is
the process of summarizing research findings from studies on related topics.
A series of steps that decision makers should consider if their goal is to maximize their outcome and make the best choice describes
the rational decision-making model.
Psychology is
the scientific study of mental processes and behaviors of the individual.
The incubation step in the creative decision-making process is
the step where the decision maker sets the problem aside and does not consciously think of it
Sociology is
the systematic study of group and team processes.
Self-enhancement bias is
the tendency to overestimate our performance and capabilities and see ourselves in a more positive light than others see us.
Validity is
the truth of a measurement.
In analyzing the data, the researcher notes that as employee absences increase, scores on performance evaluations decrease. This suggests
there is a correlation between employee absenteeism and employee performance.
All of the following are accurate about those with a proactive personality EXCEPT they have higher levels of performance in their firms. they adjust to new jobs quickly. they may try to change things others are not willing to let go. they often have difficulty making friends.
they often have difficulty making friends.
Which of the following employees is more likely to turnover?
those who have negative work attitudes
Employees with which of the following personality traits would experience high job satisfaction?
those with positive affective dispositions
Tuckman's forming stage is characterized by
uncertainty, with observant, conflict avoidant group members who are trying to achieve several goals at once.
High power distance cultures
view an unequal distribution of power as relatively acceptable.
Study findings on personality indicate
we are more emotionally stable and more organized between the ages of 20 and 40.
Surface acting
when an individual exhibits physical signs, such as smiling, to reflect emotions they want others to experience.
Findings of person/organization fit studies indicate
when people fit their organization, they are more committed to the organization.
Research on work attitudes and performance indicates
work attitudes are a moderate correlate of performance
Age is positively correlated with all of the following behaviors EXCEPT
work injuries.
