MGMT 3385- Diversity in Organizations Final Exam Study Guide
Of the 96% of Fortune 500 companies, surveyed, what percentage included transgender-inclusive benefits in their policies? A) 71% B) 95%. C) 12%, D) 46%
A) 71%
Gender job steering: A) Affects women's and men's pay B) Occurs when men, but not women, are hired to steer heavy equipment and vehicles. C) Is a result of women's career choices. D) Affects women's inability to encourage men.
A) Affects women's and men's pay
American Jews: A) At one time were considered a separate race in the U.S. B) Were easily discriminated against in the past because they were readily identifiable. C) Have no members who are other races. D) All share the same religious, ethnic, and cultural identities.
A) At one time were considered a separate race in the U.S.
Human resources should adhere to all the following practices to enhance diversity except which one? A) Avoid giving negative feedback to non-dominant members because it may seem like prejudice. B) Look at performance standards to see if they are similar for dominant and non-dominant groups. C) Regularly assess the performance of all employees. D) Give similar chances of promotions to dominant and non-dominant group members.
A) Avoid giving negative feedback to non-dominant members because it may seem like prejudice.
When comparing promotions and earnings for men and women, researchers have found that: A) Both male and female managers perceive women as less promotable than men due to having greater work/family life conflict than men. B) Male managers, but not female managers, perceive women as poor performers who do not fit their jobs as well. C) Male managers, but not female managers, perceive women as less promotable than men due to having greater work/family life conflict than men. D) Differences in earnings and promotions do not reflect the behavior of men and women at work.
A) Both male and female managers perceive women as less promotable than men due to having greater work/family life conflict than men.
The prevalence of overweight has increased in part due to: A) Changes in leisure activities B) Weight being measured more frequently for more people C) Increased consumption of water D) More people building muscle.
A) Changes in leisure activities
Which of the following is true about HIV/AIDS at work? A) Co-workers may resist working with someone who is HIV positive. B) Employees are likely to contract the disease from working with a person who is HIV positive. C) HIV/AIDS is not a protected disability under the ADA. D) It can be avoided through an initial medical exam prior to employment and annual physical exams.
A) Co-workers may resist working with someone who is HIV positive.
Being "out" at work, defined as disclosing one's gay or lesiban sexual orientation: A) Comes with both positive and negative consequences. B) Is more frequently chosen by gay and lesbian individuals in high level positions because it makes them less likely to experience discrimination. C) Is more likely among gay and lesbian people of color than White gays. D) Results in greater conflict between home and work for gay and lesbian employees.
A) Comes with both positive and negative consequences.
Which of the following is true regarding religion and work? A) Employees may post reasonably sized religious sayings in their personal workspaces. B) Employees may post religious sayings of any size in their personal workspaces. C) Religious sayings can only be posted in religious organizations, such as religious schools. D) Employees may not post religious sayings in their personal workspaces unless they work from home.
A) Employees may post reasonably sized religious sayings in their personal workspaces.
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act: A) Has been used in English-only cases on behalf of Native Americans. B) Does not protect Native Americans and Alaska Natives living outside of reservations. C) Has been declared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court. D) Excludes Native Americans religious services from protection because services require extensive time off work.
A) Has been used in English-only cases on behalf of Native Americans.
Considerations useful in determining the dominant and non-dominant groups and areas of diversity concerns around the world include: A) Identifiability, employment, and educational attainment. B) Infrastructure, multi-language fluency, and employment C) Infrastructure, educational attainment, and multi-language fluency. D) Identifiability, employment, and infrastructure.
A) Identifiability, employment, and educational attainment.
To obtain information on eligibility to work, it is preferable for employers to ask: A) If applicants are over 18 or the required age minimum of a particular job (e.g.. bartender). B) Applicants' date of birth to obtain specific information. C) The date of high school graduation, as there is less variability in dates of high school attendance. D) The date of college graduation, as there is more variability in dates of college attendance.
A) If applicants are over 18 or the required age minimum of a particular job (e.g.. bartender).
The glass ceiling: A) Is a problem in the U.S. and in many other nations. B) Can be largely explained by women's lack of desire to advance. C) Begins close to the top since women are well-represented in mid-and upper-level management. D) Is a visible that prevents certain groups from progressing beyond certain levels in organizations.
A) Is a problem in the U.S. and in many other nations.
Research studies on obesity and healthcare have found that: A) Overweight people are less likely to receive preventive care than others. B) Most nurses understand that obesity can be easily prevented by self-control. C) Medical professionals do not hold the same negative perceptions that employers hold about those who are overweight. D) The attitude of medical students toward obese patients changed in a positive direction after working with obese patients.
A) Overweight people are less likely to receive preventive care than others.
Diversity in sexual orientation in the military has been controversial because some believed that it would result in: A) Reduced cohesion B) Extreme violence by homosexuals toward heterosexuals C) Mutiny within the ranks resulting in an armed rebellion. D) Violations of the right to privacy by heterosexual personnel.
A) Reduced cohesion
Which of the following is true of Cracker Barrel's formal policy that called for termination of gay and lesbian employees? A) Resistance from shareholders resulted in Cracker Barrel changing the policy. B) Workers were actually hired because of their sexual orientation. C) The policy was supported by a large proportion of shareholders, D) The only employees who left did so because they were planning to quit and not because of anyone being fired.
A) Resistance from shareholders resulted in Cracker Barrel changing the policy.
Which of the following is true of research on younger workers' employment experiences? A) Some younger workers report being paid less than workers in similar jobs because of their age. B) Younger workers, especially young women, tend to be less well educated as older workers. C) Younger workers who have college degrees are free from discrimination. D) Younger workers believe age is a negative factor in their employment experiences.
A) Some younger workers report being paid less than workers in similar jobs because of their age.
When people with disabilities require accommodations: A) The accommodations are also things that may benefit workers without disabilities. B) The accommodations often create problems for those who do not have accommodations. C) Such accommodations are often burdensome and expensive for employers, D) They are required to pay for those accommodations.
A) The accommodations are also things that may benefit workers without disabilities.
Shana wears a hijab (head scarf) in conformance with her Muslim beliefs. Shana has been working in the call center but is moved to the front desk. The manager requests that Shana remove her hijab because it presents the wrong image. What should the human resources manager do? A) The human resources manager should tell the manager that it is illegal to ask Shana to remove her hijab. B) The human resources manager should tell Shana about the complaint and encourage her to remove her hijab. C) Human resources should place Shana in another position to maintain harmony in the workplace. D) The human resources manager should meet with the manager and Shana to find a compromise.
A) The human resources manager should tell the manager that it is illegal to ask Shana to remove her hijab.
A new employee with a visible disability applied to work at a restaurant as a hostess. She had experience as a hostess and was hired. She worked as a hostess for a few weeks but was soon assigned to work as a cook. The manager told her she would not be able to work as a hostess because customers had complained about her appearance. Which of the following is true about this situation? A) This is a case of appearance discrimination related to a disability and is illegal under the ADA. B) This is the manager's prerogative because customers are always right. C) Although this is an unfortunate situation, the manager had no choice. D) The manager did the right thing but the wrong way. The manager needed to find a better excuse.
A) This is a case of appearance discrimination related to a disability and is illegal under the ADA.
Reasonable accommodations: A) Vary based on the resource of the employer. B) unduly burden employers and are not required. C) Are those that cost less than $1000. D) Should be made for people with disabilities regardless of qualifications.
A) Vary based on the resource of the employer.
Which of the following is true of age, accidents, and injuries at work? A) Younger employees are more likely to be injured at work. B) Older employees are more likely to be injured at work. C) Proper training and supervision does not reduce the rate of accidents and injury at work. D) There is no relationship between age and accidents or injuries at work.
A) Younger employees are more likely to be injured at work.
Recent estimates suggest that: A) Less than 1% of the U.S. population identifies as LGBTQ. B) About 5.6% of the U.S. population identifies as LGBTQ C) Estimating the number of LGBTQ persons in the population is impossible. D) Nearly 30% of the U.S. population identifies as LGBTQ.
B) About 5.6% of the U.S. population identifies as LGBTQ
Glass walls: A) Can be easily broken and with the barriers eliminated, people can get ahead. B) Are similar to the glass ceiling in that they restrict the movement of certain groups. C) Enabled people's talents and success to be seen by those on the other side. D) Provide transparency and enable people to see how they can get ahead.
B) Are similar to the glass ceiling in that they restrict the movement of certain groups.
In 2010, the Department of Labor changed some aspects of the FMLA (Family and Medical Leave Act) that included: A) Clarifying the definition of on and daughter to mean a legal relationship. B) Broadening the description of who could be considered a son or daughter to include same-sex families with children. C) Clarifying the definition of son and daughter to mean a biological relationship. D) Restricting coverage of the law to federal government employees with management positions.
B) Broadening the description of who could be considered a son or daughter to include same-sex families with children.
Which of the following is true of the Native American/Alaska Native Population? A) About 15% of the U.S. population is Native American or Alaska Natives. B) Changes in self-identification have contributed to increases in the population. C) It began to decline during the 1900s due to declining fertility rates and increasing mortality rates. D) They have almost totally disappeared from urban areas.
B) Changes in self-identification have contributed to increases in the population.
Abercrombie and Fitch has had multiple diversity concerns including: A) Only employing those who are obese. B) Engaging in race-coded job channeling. C) Selling merchandise that perpetuated stereotypes about Hispanics. D) Favoring Filipinos in hiring practices.
B) Engaging in race-coded job channeling.
Former U.S. President Thomas Jefferson: A) Freed his enslaved children when they were born. B) Fathered several children with one of the women he enslaved. C) Is known for his staunch resistance to slavery. D) Rejected the hypocrisy that was displayed by other presidents who enslaved Black Americans.
B) Fathered several children with one of the women he enslaved.
Regarding education levels: A) Younger women are not as likely to have bachelor's degrees as men, but they do tend to earn more. B) For younger adults, women are more likely to have bachelor's degrees than men. C) In all age ranges and across racial and ethnic groups, men have higher education levels than women. D) Higher education results in similarly higher earnings for men and women.
B) For younger adults, women are more likely to have bachelor's degrees than men.
Which of the following is true of the relationships among sex, marital status, and children discussed in the text? A) Having pre-school aged children is associated with lower rates of promotion for men. B) Having pre-school aged children is associated with lower rates of promotion for women. C) Married women are more likely to be promoted than single women, D) Married men and women are less likely to be promoted than single men.
B) Having pre-school aged children is associated with lower rates of promotion for women.
When assessing appearance requirements, employers should consider which of the following? A) If the applicant or employee puts too much emphasis on being neat and clean. B) If the requirement is necessary to the safe operation of the business. C) Employers should not look at a person until after they are hired regardless of what the person will be doing on the job. D) Recognize that the issue is simply appearance and not confuse it with race, cultural, and ethnic issues.
B) If the requirement is necessary to the safe operation of the business.
In terms of marketing efforts for customers with disabilities: A) The government provides incentives for improving accessibility for employees but not customers. B) Making store more accessible could benefit customers with and without disabilities C) The disabled populations is so varied that marketing efforts would be too costly D) Organizations have long recognized the market potential of customers with disabilities.
B) Making store more accessible could benefit customers with and without disabilities
Which of the following is not true of poverty as a diversity concern? A) Poverty is a universal diversity concern. B) Poverty is usually the result of people's lack of internal motivation and character. C) Discrimination is an underlying feature of poverty. D) Poverty has similar consequences worldwide.
B) Poverty is usually the result of people's lack of internal motivation and character.
Regarding sexual harassment: A) Regular training is not very effective in increasing understanding of what constitutes harassment. B) The best prescription for sexual harassment may be one of prevention rather than remediation. C) Men and women view appropriate and inappropriate sexual behavior at work similarly. D) Formal charges should be promptly investigated, but informal complaints can be ignored.
B) The best prescription for sexual harassment may be one of prevention rather than remediation.
All of the following are true about sex discrimination and sexual harassment around the world except: A) Women's concentration in low-status positions contributions to sexual harassment. B) The men who are most likely to be harassed are older White men. C) Sex discrimination and harassment are common problems faced by women around the world. D) The women who are more likely to be harassed are young, financially dependent, divorced or never married, and migrant.
B) The men who are most likely to be harassed are older White men.
Which of the following is true of the Equal Pay Act of 1963? A) The success of the Equal Pay Act has been increased by sex segregation. B) The. Equal Pay Act has reduced the male/female wage gap, but there is still a significant gap C) The Equal Pay Act has been replaced by the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act. D) The Equal Pay Act has been successful in reducing wage differences between Whites and minorities.
B) The. Equal Pay Act has reduced the male/female wage gap, but there is still a significant gap
According to the Americans with Disabilities Act, a person is qualified if: A) They can perform both the essential functions and the marginal functions with or without a reasonable accommodation. B) They can perform the essential functions of the job with or without a reasonable accommodation. C) They can perform the essential functions without an accommodation and the marginal functions with an accommodation. D) They can perform the essential functions and the marginal functions without an accommodation.
B) They can perform the essential functions of the job with or without a reasonable accommodation.
Thomas, a gay man who works at a large hotel chain, experienced extreme verbal and physical harassment at work because he did not conform to his coworkers' expectations for men. Which of the following is most likely? A) Thomas probably has no recourse in the legal system. B) Thomas may file a claim under Title VII. C) Thomas may file a claim under Executive Order 11478, D) Thomas may file a discrimination claim under the Employment Non-Discrimination Act (ENDA).
B) Thomas may file a claim under Title VII.
When comparing male-dominated and female-dominated positions in the same fields: A) Because they are off in the summer, elementary school teachers spend less time teaching than professors. B) Those positions often require similar skills, interests, abilities, and work time commitments. C) Laws often prevent men from entering the female-dominated fields to protect jobs held by women. D) There is no longer any such thing as a male-dominated position.
B) Those positions often require similar skills, interests, abilities, and work time commitments.
Which of the following is true of disabilities and the performance evaluation process? A) People with disabilities should not be held to the same standards for the essential job functions. B) Vague performance standards may disadvantage people with disabilities. C) People with disabilities should not be provided negative feedback. D) Vague performance standards may help organizations avoid liability.
B) Vague performance standards may disadvantage people with disabilities.
Interracial Marriage: A) Was illegal until the end of the Civil War (1865). B) Was illegal until 1967 Supreme Court decision. C) Is still illegal in several U.S. states. D) Was never officially illegal in the U.S.
B) Was illegal until 1967 Supreme Court decision.
Diversity-titled jobs are which of the following? A) Jobs that focus on one specific marginalized group, B) jobs that have diversity in the job title. C) Jobs that do not have diversity in the job title, but which support some aspect of diversity, D) All jobs in the human resource field.
B) jobs that have diversity in the job title.
Regardless of the type of religion, religiosity in a state explained about what percent of the variability in the gender wage gap? A) 40% B) 60% C) 17% D) 9%
C) 17%
Research shows that pregnant women: A) Are equally likely to experience hostility when applying for female-dominated jobs and for male-dominant jobs. B) Are more likely to take earlier leaves related to childbirth when their company has family-supportive policies. C) Are more likely to be committed to their organization when their organization has family-supportive policies. D) Are more likely to experience hostility when applying for female-dominated jobs compared to male-dominant jobs.
C) Are more likely to be committed to their organization when their organization has family-supportive policies.
Compared with men, women clergy: A) Have higher earnings and higher prestige. B) Are more likely to serve in larger, more prestigious congregations. C) Are more likely to support political and social issues. D) Serve in religious groups that accept women clergy but reject men.
C) Are more likely to support political and social issues.
Which of the following are important considerations for employers when developing schedules for single employees? A) It is best to have a standard work schedule for everyone since flexible schedules create management problems. B) Only those who are married make use of flexible schedules and leaves. C) Avoid asking single employees to perform duties that would not be expected of employees with families. D) Even with flexible scheduling choices, single employees have no greater willingness to provide extra help.
C) Avoid asking single employees to perform duties that would not be expected of employees with families.
Which of the following is not true of religion and sexual orientation diversity? A) Different beliefs about religion and sexual orientation require employer attention to the equity of all parties. B) Employees have the right to their beliefs regarding sexual orientation. C) Employees have the right to denigrate or harass coworkers based on sexual orientation as long as there is no physical contact. D) The U.S. courts force strictly religious organizations to protect sexual minorities.
C) Employees have the right to denigrate or harass coworkers based on sexual orientation as long as there is no physical contact.
When age is a bona fide occupational qualification: A) Employers can require all employees to be in the same age rage. B) Employers can force employees into retirement by age 50. C) Employers may legally discharge, force retirement on, or not hire certain types of employees. D) Employers may set minimum ages for hiring.
C) Employers may legally discharge, force retirement on, or not hire certain types of employees.
Like most other non-dominant group members, overweight people: A) Can often hide their condition or minimize it by choosing clothes that do not call attention to their weight. B) Can use Title VII if they experience employment-related discrimination. C) Experience disparate treatment even when their qualifications are similar to those who are not overweight. D) Can change the aspects of their identity that results in unfair treatment.
C) Experience disparate treatment even when their qualifications are similar to those who are not overweight.
Which of the following statements is not true about the intergenerational workforce that now exists? A) Some research suggests that work value differences among generations are more perceived than real. B) Having an intergenerational workforce can be a competitive advantage. C) Generation X (born 1965 to 1980) is the largest of the generation groups. D) Organizations are investing in training to ensure the different generations can interact successfully.
C) Generation X (born 1965 to 1980) is the largest of the generation groups.
Bridge employment: A) Occurs when workers move from one job to the next, including low wage jobs, while waiting for a permanent job. B) Is considered too risky for older workers, so younger people are preferred. C) Helps organizations to creatively address worker shortages and combat skill losses due to mass retirements and layoffs. D) Occurs when workers have not yet retired from long-term jobs as they are not ready to withdraw fully from the workforce.
C) Helps organizations to creatively address worker shortages and combat skill losses due to mass retirements and layoffs.
Discrimination: A) At work, in one form or another, occurs in limited places throughout the world. B) Can be almost eliminated through legislation. C) Is a strong impediment to diversity in organizations. D) Has been nearly eradicated in the U.S. and most developed countries.
C) Is a strong impediment to diversity in organizations.
Which is true of the Older Workers Benefit Protection Act? A) It is designed to protect older workers from the high cost of prescriptions. B) It is an amendment to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. C) It allows employers to provide lower benefits for older workers if the cost of the benefits are the same as the benefits for younger workers. D) It is evidence of the government's emphasis on worker security at the cost of employers.
C) It allows employers to provide lower benefits for older workers if the cost of the benefits are the same as the benefits for younger workers.
Which of the following is true of the term sexual orientation? A) It is defined as being gay, lesbian, or bisexual. B) It is defined as a need for sexual stimulation. C) It is a component of sexuality characterized by enduring emotional, romantic, and sexual attractions to people of a particular gender. D) It is defined as being gay or lesbian.
C) It is a component of sexuality characterized by enduring emotional, romantic, and sexual attractions to people of a particular gender.
Which of the following is true of family policies in the U.S. and some other countries discussed in the text? A) The FMLA provides up to 6 months of unpaid leave, while leave in Europe is limited to 3 months. B) In the U.S., most states offer paid leave for family emergencies. C) Many countries other than the U.S. provide government subsidized or funded childcare. D) The FMLA covers all workers, while policies in Europe are limited to the highest wage earners.
C) Many countries other than the U.S. provide government subsidized or funded childcare.
The wages of gay men: A) Are slightly lower than those of hetrosexual men. B) Are unknown since so many remain closeted, C) May be affected by gay men being channeled into particular positions D) Are slightly higher than those of heterosexual men.
C) May be affected by gay men being channeled into particular positions
In implementing non-discriminatory polices toward sexual minorities at work, A) Organizations should encourage the negative reactions of coworkers, B) Organizations should not consider any possibility that sexual orientation could affect job performance, C) Organizations should be prepared for resistance from may stakeholders. D) Get rid of all older employees since they are likely to sabotage any such policies.
C) Organizations should be prepared for resistance from may stakeholders.
Which of the following is true of overweight and obesity at work? A) Overweight people strongly resist discrimination and work by boycotting. B) Overweight is correctly associated with negative personal attributes. C) Overweight people have higher absence rates than others. D) Overweight people are not likely to be discriminated against at work.
C) Overweight people have higher absence rates than others.
Which of the following is true of people with disabilities worldwide? A) When compared to other marginalized groups, the position of people with disabilities is less extreme. B) People with certain disabilities always have some abilities so their situation is now above average. C) People with disabilities are uniquely marginalized. D) There is less underemployment for people with disabilities compared to people without disabilities.
C) People with disabilities are uniquely marginalized.
Which of the following is true of the employment of people with disabilities? A) There is very little unemployment among people with disabilities. B) Employment of people with disabilities rarely pays off for either the employer or employee. C) The ADA has had a positive effect on the employment of people with disabilities. D) Most claims filed under the ADA are deemed to have a reasonable cause.
C) The ADA has had a positive effect on the employment of people with disabilities.
Statistics about disabilities indicate that: A) The rate of disability in the U.S. population is nearly 30%. B) Unemployment rates for people with disabilities do not vary by race and ethnicity. C) The employment rate for people with disabilities is considerably less than the rate for people without disabilities. D) Men are more likely to have a disability than women.
C) The employment rate for people with disabilities is considerably less than the rate for people without disabilities.
When attempting to reduce benefits costs, which is the best solution for employers? A) They should encourage overweight people to lose weight. B) They should require overweight applicants to take a medical exam to ensure they have no health problems. C) They should introduce wellness programs, focusing on health. D) They should refuse to hire overweight applicants.
C) They should introduce wellness programs, focusing on health.
Which of the following is true of the relationship between sex segregation and wages? A) Because they are fewer in number, women in male-dominated jobs earn more than men in the same jobs. B) Men working in female-dominated jobs earn less than women in the same jobs because they are viewed as untrustworthy and likely to harass. C) Women working in male-dominated jobs earn more than women who work in female-dominated jobs. D) On average, male nurses earn less than female nurses, because nursing is a female-dominated profession.
C) Women working in male-dominated jobs earn more than women who work in female-dominated jobs.
Approximately what percentage of those who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual are closeted? A) 57%, B) 98.5%, C) 35%, D) 83%
D) 83%
Research on American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) women shows that: A) AI/AN women are less likely to experience poverty than Black women. B) AI/AN women have higher participation rates, unemployment levels, and incomes than other women. C) AI/AN women earn more than AI/AN men when working in similar circumstances. D) AI/AN women managers navigate between two distinctive but interconnected worlds.
D) AI/AN women managers navigate between two distinctive but interconnected worlds.
According to the one-drop rule: A) Any child of the union of a White and non-White person would be a member of the non-White parent's race. B) Anyone who spilled one drop of a White person's blood would be executed. C) Anyone who had one drop of Native American blood would be considered Native American. D) Anyone with a known Black ancestor was considered Black, regardless of the number of non-Black ancestors.
D) Anyone with a known Black ancestor was considered Black, regardless of the number of non-Black ancestors.
Which of the following are potential outcomes of having an overweight but fit aerobics instructor? A) The employer msut be certain that the proportion of the employees who are large-sized is equal to the proportion of the residents of San Francisco who are large sized. B) The employing organization can pay the instructor lower wages with no negative outcomes. C) Having such an employee may be viewed negatively by many overweight people who want someone who is an example of they want to become. D) Because the U.S. population is increasing in size, having such an aerobics instructor may be a competitive advantage.
D) Because the U.S. population is increasing in size, having such an aerobics instructor may be a competitive advantage.
Flexible scheduling: A) Is more likely to be available to women than men. B) Is associated with higher turnover. C) Is available to most workers in the U.S. D) Decreases the stress of dealing with work and family issues.
D) Decreases the stress of dealing with work and family issues.
Which of the following is true regarding the treatment of overweight people in organizations? A) Employers need to first think of an excuse and then get rid of them. B) Assigning overweight people to jobs where they are not seen by customers makes good business sense. C) Employers may make virtually any decision they desire since weight is not directly covered under legislation. D) Employers engaging in weight discrimination experience costs of lost business and potential employees.
D) Employers engaging in weight discrimination experience costs of lost business and potential employees.
Racial and religious discrimination: A) Differ regarding the law since racial discrimination is illegal but religious discrimination is not. B) Occur to the same degree since both race and religion can be easily identified. C) Of any type is illegal under all circumstances in all organizations, including religious institutions. D) Have similarities and differences.
D) Have similarities and differences.
In terms of sexual harassment: A) People who claim to have been harassed are actually bragging. B) Women are 90% of harassment targets and perpetrators in about 35% of cases. C) Most of the men who are harassed are harassed by women. D) Having women managers reduces hostile environment harassment and quid pro quo harassment.
D) Having women managers reduces hostile environment harassment and quid pro quo harassment.
In Ann Hopkins v. Price-Waterhouse: A) The U.S. Supreme Court clarified the legality of using compliance with gender roles in job decisions. B) Hopkins was not promoted because she billed fewer hours than her male counterparts. C) Hopkins was disciplined for wearing clothes and make-up that were too feminine in an accounting firm. D) Hopkins was not promoted because she didn't behave the way women were expected to behave.
D) Hopkins was not promoted because she didn't behave the way women were expected to behave.
Anil had a sever hearing impairment and worked as the supervisor of a fast-food restaurant, having worked his way up. Anil's manager and the human resources manager repeatedly mocked him in front of other employees and customers, saying things like "read my lips," "Have you got your ears on?". Anil finally resigned because of the mocking and harassment. This is a situation of: A) Giving up rather than first standing up to the boss as required by law. B) Constructive discharge and retaliation C) Anil being too sensitive and now having a good sense of humor. D) Illegal workplace harassment with costly consequences.
D) Illegal workplace harassment with costly consequences.
The results of eliminating discrimination and valuing diversity include: A) disregard for human rights. B) Weaker economies, C) Increased poverty, D) Increased lifespans.
D) Increased lifespans.
An organizational culture of nondiscrimination: A) Can help avoid inaccessible discrimination. B) Groups those who are multi-racial into only one group. C) Requires that people not define their own group membership. D) Is valuable to those who are invisibly multi-racial.
D) Is valuable to those who are invisibly multi-racial.
Which of the following is true of the employment of people with and without disabilities? A) People with disabilities are more likely to be employed than people without disabilities due to legislation saying they can be paid less. B) People with disabilities are more likely to be employed but less likely to be underemployed than people without disabilities. C) People with disabilities are less likely to be employed and less likely to be underemployed than people without disabilities. D) People with disabilities are more likely to be unemployed, and when employed, they have lower earnings than people without disabilities.
D) People with disabilities are more likely to be unemployed, and when employed, they have lower earnings than people without disabilities.
In the DuPont study of performance ratings of people with disabilities: A) People with disabilities had average or above average ratings of attendance only. B) People with disabilities had unsatisfactory ratings of attendance, safety, and performance. C) People with disabilities had average or above average ratings of attendance and safety, but below average ratings of performance. D) People with disabilities had average or above average ratings of performance, attendance, and safety.
D) People with disabilities had average or above average ratings of performance, attendance, and safety.
Employers are encouraged to create a culture of inclusion regarding religion. This means that: A) Organizations should try to develop policies that fit most employees. B) Employers should convince employees to adjust their behaviors to fit in with the company's policies. C) Companies should make an accommodation even if organizational functioning is impaired. D) Policies should be reviewed to determine how they affect people of different religions.
D) Policies should be reviewed to determine how they affect people of different religions.
Undue hardship: A) Cannot be measured by comparing profits to the number of employees. B) Occurs with accommodations that are over 5% of revenues. C) Is a common occurrence when providing accommodations. D) Refers to insignificant difficulty or expense relative to the resources of the employer.
D) Refers to insignificant difficulty or expense relative to the resources of the employer.
Which of the following is true regarding religious organizations in the U.S.? A) The majority of Americans are Christian, and there are few differences in beliefs among Christians. B) There is little diversity of beliefs regarding women's roles and sexual orientation. C) About 50% of Blacks worship in primarily White religious organizations. D) Religious organizations are some of the most homogeneous types of organizations.
D) Religious organizations are some of the most homogeneous types of organizations.
Which of the following is true regarding legislation prohibiting age discrimination against younger workers in the U.S.? A) A law became effective in 1967 with other age discrimination legislation. B) The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 is currently under modification to include workers of all ages. C) A law was passed in January 2021 under the Biden administration to protect younger workers. D) Some state and local legislation prohibits discrimination against younger workers.
D) Some state and local legislation prohibits discrimination against younger workers.
Which of the following is true of the Pregnancy Discrimination Act? A) Nearly 50% of the cases filed with the EEOC under Pregnancy Discrimination Act were resolved with merit. B) Since the passage of the act, some employers may legally require all pregnant women to take leaves of absence. C) Men's covered wives or partners are not provided protection under the act. D) The legislation prevents any discrimination against those who are pregnant.
D) The legislation prevents any discrimination against those who are pregnant.
Which of the following is true of religion in the U.S.? A) The proportion of the population identifying as Christian is about 90%. B) The proportion of the population identifying as Christian has declined to about 50% since 1990. C) The proportion of the population identifying as Christian has declined to about 40% since 1990. D) The proportion of the population identifying as Christian is about 65%.
D) The proportion of the population identifying as Christian is about 65%.
Wilma Mankiller: A) Was the coordinator for multiple lucrative Native American casinos throughout the U.S. B) Resented the focus on Blacks and Latinos instead of Native Americans. C) Sought to help Native Americans reclaim their lands from Whites. D) Was the first woman in modern history to serve as the chief of a Native American tribe.
D) Was the first woman in modern history to serve as the chief of a Native American tribe.
True/False: After 12 years of working in a female-dominated position, fewer White men will have been promoted into management than White women.
FALSE
True/False: Ambivalent sexism is the simultaneous holding of hostile and considerate sexist beliefs about women.
FALSE
True/False: Among heterosexual men, none choose fields of study that are "typically female," but the majority of gay men choose such majors.
FALSE
True/False: At present, the workforce has an increasing proportion of younger workers and a declining ratio of older workers.
FALSE
True/False: Because no federal laws strictly prohibit appearance discrimination, those who are unattractive, or overweight have no recourse.
FALSE
True/False: Because of their greater experience, when laid off, older workers find other employment faster than younger workers do.
FALSE
True/False: Bob has strongly held religious beliefs that cause him to disapprove of Jane's behavior, but he has always conformed to his employer's policy that requires him to treat all employees with respect. Nevertheless, his employer must terminate his employment because following a policy is not enough, his beliefs are simply unacceptable.
FALSE
True/False: Compared to people without disabilities, people with disabilities make less reasonable requests for accommodations.
FALSE
True/False: Even without the term diversity in one's job title, people have been performing diversity-related work for decades.
FALSE
True/False: For recruitment purposes, organizations resist going to tribal colleges seeking Native American applicants because these colleges are usually not accredited.
FALSE
True/False: For some employers, the fear of incurring future costs by hiring a disabled person results in the employers engaging in treatment discrimination.
FALSE
True/False: For the first time in history, there are three generations in the workforce.
FALSE
True/False: Gaming wealth associated with casinos on or near reservations is significant for a very large portion of the Native American population.
FALSE
True/False: Genetics play a limited role in a person's propensity to be overweight or obese.
FALSE
True/False: Harassment of an employee by a customer on the basis of religion is legal.
FALSE
True/False: If someone is perceived as having a disability, but this perception is not accurate, that person is not covered by the ADA.
FALSE
True/False: In the past few years, the number of women working as CEOs in Fortune 500 companies has become greater than the number of men in those positions.
FALSE
True/False: Individual's' likelihood of approving of interracial marriage decreases with education levels.
FALSE
True/False: Like people with disabilities, fat people are more likely to be hired because employers know they have fewer employment options and are thus less likely to turn over.
FALSE
True/False: Men who become fathers decrease their time at work.
FALSE
True/False: Most people who live in persistent poverty are lazy and unmotivated.
FALSE
True/False: Native Americans are often overemphasized in studies of diversity in organizations.
FALSE
True/False: Nearly 25% of all grandparent's care for their grandchildren for at least 6 months.
FALSE
True/False: Never married, childless women have lower rates of promotion than any other group.
FALSE
True/False: On average, working mothers experience an 11% wage penalty per child.
FALSE
True/False: One-third of the U.S. population is overweight or obese.
FALSE
True/False: People of the same faith will always have the same level of religiosity.
FALSE
True/False: People with no religious beliefs are not protected from discrimination at work.
FALSE
True/False: Race-coded job channeling means that employers steer applicants to certain jobs according to employer preferences for Whites in certain positions and minorities in others based on the applicants' interests, skills, or experience.
FALSE
True/False: Researchers have found that multi-racial adults feel that their experiences with discrimination due to being multi-racial makes them less open to other cultures.
FALSE
True/False: Rigidity refers to fluctuations in work hours by week, time of day, and length of shift
FALSE
True/False: The Mâori are the indigenous people of Australia
FALSE
True/False: The United Kingdom has laws that have been very effective in keeping unemployment among people with disabilities at about the same level as it is for people without disabilities.
FALSE
True/False: The majority of Native Americans live on reservations.
FALSE
True/False: The role of "choice" in jobs occupied by men and women increases the effectiveness of the Equal Pay Act and other laws against pay discrimination.
FALSE
True/False: The term "Native American" is often construed as more appropriate, and the term "American Indian" is not commonly used by members of the group themselves.
FALSE
True/False: There is a very small range of estimates of the population of Native Americans in the U.S. at first European contact.
FALSE
True/False: Thin people are always in better health than fat people.
FALSE
True/False: Whites are more likely to regard themselves as being very religious than Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians.
FALSE
True/False: Women clergy experience a "frosted glass ceiling" in religious organizations.
FALSE
True/False: Worldwide, women are less likely to live in poverty than men.
FALSE
True/False: Younger workers are sometimes subjected to flagrant sexual harassment and are the most likely report it.
FALSE
True/False: Avoiding lawsuits is an insufficient rationale for pursuing diversity
TRUE
True/False: Combating multi-racial discrimination requires individual and organizational commitment and not simply compliance with the laws.
TRUE
True/False: Compared to women, men are more likely to have access to flexible schedules.
TRUE
True/False: Compared with women with less education, women with higher education are more likely to be in the workforce even if they have very young children.
TRUE
True/False: Discrimination and stereotypes on the basis of age affect older and younger workers.
TRUE
True/False: Discrimination based on sex, sexual orientation, and disability exists virtually everywhere and is an underlying feature of persistent poverty.
TRUE
True/False: Disparate treatment on the basis of sex occurs when an applicant or employee is intentionally treated differently because of their sex.
TRUE
True/False: Diversity in organizations is but one aspect of societal changes that will reduce inequity among people.
TRUE
True/False: Diversity-related work refers to jobs without diversity in the job title but that have job duties related to the diversity, equity, and inclusion fields.
TRUE
True/False: Eradicating discrimination would benefit individuals, organizations, the economy, and society.
TRUE
True/False: Federal tax incentives are often available to employers to fund accommodations.
TRUE
True/False: Fewer men work part-time than women do.
TRUE
True/False: Gay, lesbian, and heterosexual employees are more committed to organizations in which sexual orientation discrimination is not tolerated.
TRUE
True/False: Grandparents caring for their grandchildren experience work and family concerns that may be more difficult than those experienced by parents.
TRUE
True/False: Group awareness for people with disabilities is affected by the variety in types of disabilities.
TRUE
True/False: Hewlett-Packard offered domestic partner benefits to employees before same-sex marriage was legalized.
TRUE
True/False: How a disability was acquired affects how stigmatized the disability is.
TRUE
True/False: In an increasingly global community, without the contributions of everyone, long-term success for anyone is at risk.
TRUE
True/False: In research, physical attractiveness was found to be positively related to hiring, performance, evaluations, and promotions for women and men.
TRUE
True/False: It is legal in most states to fire someone because he or she is overweight.
TRUE
True/False: Like other discrimination, perceived weight discrimination is related to negative health among those who experience it.
TRUE
True/False: Many religious minorities have come to the U.S. seeking, but sometimes not finding, refuge from religious persecution elsewhere.
TRUE
True/False: Many retailers and marketing groups are now recognizing the market potential of customers with disabilities.
TRUE
True/False: Most Arab Americans are Christians
TRUE
True/False: Multiracial people may experience negative organizational outcomes because one of their racial backgrounds is invisible:
TRUE
True/False: Obesity is also a problem in developing countries, even though people there have fewer resources and food than in the U.S.
TRUE
True/False: On average, gays and lesbians have similar education levels to heterosexuals.
TRUE
True/False: Organizations should scrutinize their appearance requirements to determine if they may result in religious discrimination.
TRUE
True/False: Organizations with inclusive LGBTQ policies financially outperform competitors with less inclusive policies.
TRUE
True/False: Part-time work is associated with fewer job rewards and shorter career ladders.
TRUE
True/False: People with disabilities have similar performance to people without disabilities.
TRUE
True/False: People with disabilities, like women, seem to experience the glass ceiling and job segregation.
TRUE
True/False: People with work-related disabilities who have a college degree earn less than people without work-related disabilities who have a college degree
TRUE
True/False: Practicing inclusion and fairness toward sexual minorities can be of benefit to individuals and organizations.
TRUE
True/False: Religiosity and religious fundamentalism in various religions are strongly related to attitudes toward sexual minorities.
TRUE
True/False: Religious minorities whose religion is unknown may suffer stress and worry that their religion may be found out
TRUE
True/False: Research results suggest that pregnant women who work for family-supportive organizations plan to return to work sooner after childbirth and are more committed to their organization.
TRUE
True/False: Research suggests that heterosexual mothers are viewed as being less competent than lesbian mothers
TRUE
True/False: Researchers have identified access discrimination against sexual minorities in hiring.
TRUE
True/False: Resilience is an important attribute for those seeking diversity-related work.
TRUE
True/False: Sexual harassment is similar in structure, type, and negative consequences for women regardless of where the harassment occurs.
TRUE
True/False: Skin color is obvious but sexual orientation is invisible.
TRUE
True/False: Some studies find that both men and women who are taller than average are advantaged in employment situations.
TRUE
True/False: The 2000 Census was the first time that people could report belonging to two or more races, and nearly 7 million people in the U.S. did so.
TRUE
True/False: The Americans with Disabilities Amendments Act of 2008 emphasizes that the definition of disabilities should be more broadly defined than the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.
TRUE
True/False: The FMLA has some obvious inadequacies.
TRUE
True/False: The Pew Research group has identified more people who are multi-racial than the U.S. Census bureau has identified
TRUE
True/False: The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 was a precursor to the ADA.
TRUE
True/False: The gap in earnings between women and men is even larger between older women and men than between younger men and women.
TRUE
True/False: The glass escalator is the rapid advancement of men working in female-dominated occupations into management, particularly men of color.
TRUE
True/False: The retailer Abercrombie and Fitch has experienced problems with racially offensive merchandise.
TRUE
True/False: The use of Native Americans as mascots for sports teams contributes to stereotyping and other negative outcomes.
TRUE
True/False: There is high turnover among chief diversity officers in the United States.
TRUE
True/False: U.S. Supreme Court decisions solidified at the idea that the ADEA is designed specifically to protect older workers from discrimination in employment, even to the detriment of younger workers.
TRUE
True/False: Undue hardship varies by employer.
TRUE
True/False: When viewed as issues of power, dominance, discrimination, and control of resources, diversity is clearly an international issue.
TRUE
True/False: With the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, women who are unaware of pay discrimination are less likely to run out of time to file a claim once they find out about it.
TRUE
True/False: Women and men can deviate from gender norms but are penalized by society and organizations when they do so.
TRUE
True/False: Women with similar or more education than men tend to have lower earnings and status than men worldwide.
TRUE
True/False: Women working full-time are considerably more likely than men working full-time to be primary caregivers to elderly relatives.
TRUE
True/False: Women working full-time earn about 80 cents to the dollar earned by men who working full-time year-round.
TRUE
True/False: Women working full-time tend to work fewer hours than men working full-time.
TRUE
True/False: Work and family issues for sexual minorities include additional, unique factors not experienced by heterosexual employees.
TRUE
True/False: Workforces in many nations are changing due to the changes in birth and mortality rates, immigration, and age distributions.
TRUE
True/False: Younger workers are more diverse in race and ethnicity than ever before.
TRUE
True/False; Cracker Barrel has had problems with discrimination against gay and lesbian employees and Black customers.
TRUE
