MGT 301 Ch 11
________ are abstract ideals that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations.
Values
__________ is the extent to which people feel secure and unworried and how likely they are to experience negative emotions under pressure.
emotional stability
A(n) ______ program includes plans to help employees cope with stress, burnout, substance abuse, health problems, and family issues that influence job performance.
employee assistance
Organizational dimensions, the outer layer of the diversity wheel, include all of the following except _____.
ethnicity
________________ is the extent to which employees have positive or negative feelings about various aspects of their work.
job satisfaction
As an employee's age increases, his or her _____.
job satisfaction increases
Which of the following is not a symptom of negative stress?
slurred speech
Those high in this emotional intelligence trait tend to be empathetic.
social awareness
Under which of the following circumstances would the desire to reduce cognitive dissonance be greatest?
when large amounts of money are on the line
Surveys show that employees are more interested in ______ rather than just earning a paycheck.
work-life balance
______ occurs when we form an impression of an individual based on a single trait.
The Halo effect
_____________ is the process of interpreting and understanding one's environment.
perception
Stable psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person her identity are known as her _____.
personality
A person who is apt to take initiative and persevere to influence the environment is said to have a(n) ______ personality.
proactive
Which of the following diversity issues is true in the U.S. workforce?
By 2060, whites are projected to change from 78% in 2012 to 69%, African Americans from 13.1% to 14.7%, Asians from 5.1% to 8.2%, Hispanics or Latinos from 17% to 31%, and American Indian/Alaskan Native from 1.2% to 1.5%.
Which of the following is not one of the main ways to reduce cognitive dissonance?
Complete an EI assessment.
______ is the personality dimension that describes how achievement-oriented and persistent a person is.
Conscientiousness
Which of the following is not a suggested strategy for reducing unhealthy stressors in organizations?
Develop a more formal structure with close, authoritative supervision
_________________ is "the ability to carry out accurate reasoning about emotions and the ability to use emotions and emotional knowledge to enhance thought."
Emotional intelligence
______ is the belief that one's native country, culture, language, abilities, or behavior is superior to those of another culture.
Ethnocentrism
________ programs help employees integrate and transition to a new job.
Onboarding
______ is at the center of the diversity wheel.
Personality
A server expects a group of poorly dressed customers to be stingy tippers and gives them poor service, so he gets the result that he expects, a very small tip. This is an example of _____.
a self fulfilling prophecy
As a manager, when you expect employees to perform badly, they probably will, and when you expect them to perform well, they probably will. This is referred to as _____.
a self-fulfilling prophecy or the Pygmalion effect
The statement "I really don't like that Ivan got so angry in that meeting" reflects the ______ component of an attitude.
affective
Which of the following is not a Big Five Personality dimension?
aggressive
Which of the following is the most common drug of abuse?
alcohol
People with ______ exhibit less anxiety, greater motivation, and stronger expectations that effort leads to performance.
an internal locus of control
People with low self-esteem ______ than those with higher self-esteem.
are more dependent on others
The three components of ______ are affective, cognitive, and behavioral.
attitudes
Brad supervises several employees who seem to have low self-efficacy. To improve this, he should do all the following except _____.
avoid rewarding small successes
Organizational ______ tries to explain and predict workplace behavior to help managers better lead and motivate others.
behavior
The statement "I won't give Jim such a tight deadline again" reflects the ______ component of an attitude.
behavioral or intentional
______ is a state of emotional, mental, and even physical exhaustion, expressed as listlessness, indifference, or frustration.
burnout
Which of the following is not a step in the perceptual process?
casual attribution
The ______ component of an attitude consists of the beliefs and knowledge one has about a situation.
cognitive
The statement "Drew is slow to return phone calls" reflects the ______ component of an attitude.
cognitive
Because people are uncomfortable with inconsistency between their attitudes and behaviors, they will seek to reduce _____.
cognitive dissonance
Which of the following is not a distortion in perception?
cognitive dissonance
Absenteeism, drug and alcohol abuse, and disciplinary problems are examples of _____.
counterproductive work behaviors
______ represent(s) all the ways people are unlike and alike.
diversity
People high in ______ are responsive to others' social and interpersonal cues.
emotional intelligence
Matt is frequently nervous, tense, and worried, both at work and at home. He likely scores low on which of the Big Five personality dimensions?
emotional stability
Julie really enjoys mingling at work functions, both to network for new contacts and simply to share stories with other interesting people. Julie probably scores high in _____.
extroversion
______ has been associated with success for managers and salespeople.
extroversion
The tendency to attribute another person's behavior to his or her personal characteristics rather than to the situation the person is in is called _____.
fundamental attribution bias
According to Festinger, how people deal with cognitive dissonance depends on three factors. Which are the correct three factors below?
importance, control, and rewards
Employees with a(n) ______ locus of control will probably resist close managerial supervision and should probably be placed in jobs requiring high initiative and lower compliance.
internal
If you have a(n) ____________, you believe you control your own destiny.
internal locus of control
Workplace stress diminishes all of the following except _____.
job turnover
Which of the following is a common reason that some women face a glass ceiling?
lack of mentors
A person's overall satisfaction with work depends on how he or she feels about several components. Which of the following is not such a component?
life outside of work
Carol really doesn't like her new boss and is not happy with the new tasks she's been assigned and the long hours she's been working. Still, she truly believes in what the company is trying to accomplish. Carol has _____.
low job satisfaction
Which of the following is not one of the four layers of the diversity wheel?
management status
______ is the personality dimension that describes how intellectual, imaginative, curious, and broad-minded a person is.
openness to experience
Employee behaviors that exceed the work-role requirements for the job are known as _____.
organizational citizenship behaviors
Melissa impressed her boss by making lots of suggestions for department improvements and by putting in many weekend hours to do extra tasks to develop the new procedures. Melissa is exhibiting _____.
organizational citizenship behaviors
The extent to which an employee identifies with an organization and is committed to its goals is called _____.
organizational commitment
Job satisfaction results in stronger ______ and lower levels of ______.
organizational commitment; perceived stress
Caroline's manager notices that she exhibits an internal locus of control when she speaks about her work. Her manager should _____.
provide incentives such as merit pay or sales commissions
The Americans with Disabilities Act requires employers to _____.
reasonably accommodate an individual's disability
If a manager knows one of his employees has low self-esteem and wishes to enhance it, he should _____.
reinforce the employee's positive attributes and skills
You have important clients in town who want to have dinner with you, but your mother has a plumbing leak and has asked you to come over and shut off the water until she can get it fixed tomorrow. You are experiencing _____.
role conflict
When others' expectations exceed one's ability, ______ has occurred.
role overload
Boring, tedious jobs generally reduce people's perceptions of their _____.
self efficacy
_____________ is the extent to which people like or dislike themselves.
self esteem
Lori has been telling everyone in the sales department of her incredible skill as a salesperson, since she beat her goal this year by nearly 30%. But last year when she didn't even reach her goal, she said it was simply the economy. This is an example of _____.
self serving bias
_______________ is the ability to control your emotions and act with honesty and integrity in reliable and adaptable ways.
self-management
Which of the following is not a trait of emotional intelligence?
self-sufficiency
Which of the following dimensions is not an example of an external or secondary dimension on the diversity wheel?
seniority
Ted was hiring a new financial analyst, and he had several good candidates. He was leaning toward hiring Akiko, a Japanese American woman, since he thinks Asians are better at math. Ted is exhibiting which distortion in perception?
stereotyping
The tendency to attribute to an individual the characteristics one believes are typical of the group to which that individual belongs is called _____.
stereotyping
______ is the tension people feel when they are facing or enduring extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities and are uncertain about their ability to handle them effectively.
stress
Misperception often operating among investors (even professionals), who are more likely to buy a stock if they see something about it in the news or if it has a high one-day return, are experiencing __________.
the recency effect
The tendency to remember recent information better than earlier information is called _____.
the recency effect
Which of the following is not one of the Big Five personality dimensions?
tolerance for ambiguity
Jake has a master's degree in psychology, but he is working at a sunglasses cart in the mall. He is currently experiencing _____.
underemployment
Which of the following dimensions is an example of an organizational dimension on the diversity wheel?
union affiliation