MGT 331 EXAM Chapters 5,6,14,15

Which of the following statements about communities of practice is true? a. They can use the company intranet to cultivate a sense of community. b. They usually are officially referenced on organizational charts. c. They are able to operate independent of any management. d. They are generally not recognized by executive leadership.

a. They can use the company intranet to cultivate a sense of community.

Albert works as a salesperson making $18 an hour plus 5% of every sale he makes. He receives two weeks of paid vacation a year, as well as 50% matching in a 401K retirement fund. In this scenario, $18 an hour represents Albert's __________. a. base pay b. commissions c. perquisites d. compensation package

a. base pay

You have been hired as CEO of a new company focused on providing home health services. What could you do to establish a strong and positive organizational culture? a. craft organizational vision, values, and goals b. delegate to subordinates the power to maintain culture c. embrace the company's enacted values and norms d. let the culture develop organically

a. craft organizational vision, values, and goals

Which of the following is NOT an element of managing organization culture? a. criticizing the organization culture b. teaching the organization culture c. changing the organization culture d. taking advantage of the existing culture

a. criticizing the organization culture

What is the second step in the performance appraisal process? a. documentation b. compensation c. communication d. evaluation

a. documentation

Which is typical of companies with a prebureaucratic structure? a. early control of organizational decisions and growth b. grouping of people with like skills into departments c. established hierarchies and formal divisions of labor d. organized functions around particular products

a. early control of organizational decisions and growth

Which of the following are "growth needs" in Maslow's hierarchy of needs? a. self-actualization and esteem b. security and belonging c. esteem and security d. physiological and security

a. self-actualization and esteem

What is the central feature of a 360-degree feedback system? a. wide-ranging feedback, as well as subjective measures of performance b. objective and easily measurable performance standards c. a one-on-one meeting between the employee and the supervisor d. both constructive feedback and destructive criticism

a. wide-ranging feedback, as well as subjective measures of performance

Herzberg's two-factor theory identifies motivating factors for business organizations. Which of the following is a hygiene factor that management could control so that employees aren't dissatisfied with their jobs? a. working conditions b. responsibility c. advancement d. recognition

a. working conditions

Which of the following statements is true about the importance of organizational culture? a. A strong culture is always desirable. b. Culture can give competitive advantages. c. Culture should emphasize results and growth. d. A good business strategy will override corporate culture.

b. Culture can give competitive advantages.

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in forming equity perceptions? a. Form a perception of how a comparison-other is being treated. b. Satisfy physiological needs before growth needs. c. Compare one's own circumstances with those of a comparison-other. d. Evaluate how one is being treated by an organization.

b. Satisfy physiological needs before growth needs.

Which of the following statements indicates an accurate understanding of organizational culture? a. Within an organization, people explicitly tell newcomers how to adhere to the culture. b. Strong organizational cultures aren't necessarily associated with high performance. c. People who can do well in one organization can do well pretty much anywhere. d. Skills and experience are way more important in hiring than how a person fits in.

b. Strong organizational cultures aren't necessarily associated with high performance.

Why does the work teams approach tend to be more effective in countries such as Japan and Sweden? a. They emphasize individual responsibility. b. Their work and rewards are team centered. c. They offer an extended work schedule. d. They are more effective at empowerment.

b. Their work and rewards are team centered.

Which of the following is a characteristic of individuals who have a high need for achievement, according to the acquired needs framework? a. They are able to work hard and then set work aside to play hard. b. They want immediate, specific feedback on their performance. c. They set overly challenging goals and like to take on high risk levels. d. They are able to delegate in order to make the best use of their own time.

b. They want immediate, specific feedback on their performance.

The process of selecting and managing aspects of organizational structure and culture to enable the organization to achieve its goals is called organizational __________. a. span of control b. design c. formalization d. centralization

b. design

For multinational organizations, which type of structure is best when both global integration and local responsiveness are needed? a. regional headquarters b. global transnational division c. global area division d. global product division

b. global transnational division

According to the cognitive view, which of the following is NOT a behavior a person would adopt in order to become a conscious, active participant in their own learning? a. make choices about behavior based on assessing alternatives b. look at consequences and ignore them if necessary to be happy c. use past learning as a way to decide their present behavior d. let future choices be based on prior learning and consequences

b. look at consequences and ignore them if necessary to be happy

What makes job specialization difficult to implement, even though it seems as if it would be highly effective? a. high cost of dividing labor among tasks b. monotony associated with each task c. high level of expertise required to fulfill each task d. increased demands placed on each worker

b. monotony associated with each task

Because of their many layers of authority and strong bureaucracy, hospitals tend to have conflict cultures that are characterized by withholding information and withdrawing from work when there's conflict. What type of conflict culture is this? a. dominating b. passive-aggressive c. avoidant d. collaborative

b. passive-aggressive

Which of the following is NOT a method companies use to improve job design? a. giving employees more control over tasks b. raising pay for most standardized jobs c. introducing a wider variety of tasks d. shifting employees from one job to another

b. raising pay for most standardized jobs

Jamal just began a new job. At first, he is highly formal and addresses people as Mr. or Ms. However, his coworkers don't react warmly to this approach. Therefore, Jamal changes to a more informal style based on the consequences of his actions and discovers that people seem friendlier and more relaxed around him. In learning theory, the coworkers' actions would be known as __________. a. linkage b. reinforcement c. response d. social learning

b. reinforcement

Which of the following is NOT an element that makes up an organization's culture? a. how employees get work done b. span of control c. trust and positive relationships d. shared values, norms, and assumptions

b. span of control

Anne works for a traditional manufacturing firm. What is the most common means of developing innovation in such an organization? a. organizational socialization b. entrepreneurship c. corporate research d. intrapreneurship

c. corporate research

According to equity theory, a person who feels equitably treated is motivated to ________. a. look harder for signs of inequity b. change the way things are c. keep things as they are d. devote less effort to work

c. keep things as they are

Which production technology is characterized by a tall bureaucratic structure with a large managerial span of control? a. small batch b. unit c. mass d. custom

c. mass

According to goal-setting theory, which of the following strategies is NOT likely to result in improved performance? a. setting goals that are challenging and require effort b. holding employees accountable for goals they were involved in setting c. setting unspecified goals so that workers can establish their own measures d. establishing goals that will encourage worker acceptance

c. setting unspecified goals so that workers can establish their own measures

Which dimension of task-specific self-efficacy refers to beliefs about how confident the person is that the task can be accomplished? a. generality b. performance c. strength d. magnitude

c. strength

The way in which task reporting and authority relationships interact as a system determines an organization's __________. a. hierarchy b. strategy c. structure d. division of labor

c. structure

Far Horizons, Inc. has experienced a lot of absenteeism and turnover among employees, particularly among ethnic and religious minorities. Management decided to implement several policies to better reflect its values of nondiscrimination and respect for everyone. Which of the following steps could it take to create a culture of inclusion? a. Give everyone the week off between Christmas and New Year's Day. b. Explain to employees why they need to be kind and respectful. c. Survey customers on social media about their perceptions of organizational culture. d. Adjust working hours to accommodate workers' personal needs

d. Adjust working hours to accommodate workers' personal needs

You manage a work group of ten secretaries who take turns answering phones, sorting mail, and typing and filing correspondence. Using the job characteristics theory, how can you assure that this team is happy and productive? a. Break the job down into small component tasks and standardize them. b. Promote the best workers into lower-level management positions. c. Provide bonuses for low absenteeism and for staying with the company. d. Give them autonomy in deciding how to organize the workload.

d. Give them autonomy in deciding how to organize the workload.

How can intranets be used to reflect an open and positive organizational culture in a large company with multiple workgroups? a. They can vary in appearance and level of information for different departments. b. They can be carefully edited to avoid uncomfortable feedback. c. They can be narrow in scope and reflect a respect for privacy of information. d. They can use stories and symbols to craft the organization's image.

d. They can use stories and symbols to craft the organization's image.

Which of the following statements characterizes mechanistic organizations? a. They have less clear lines of authority. b. They are flexible, decentralized, and quickly adaptable. c. They can respond quickly to changing market conditions. d. They have formal rules and regulations for decision making.

d. They have formal rules and regulations for decision making.

Which of the following conditions is NOT true for virtual organizations? a. Career paths are challenging for virtual employees. b. They can exist without a permanent physical office. c. Companies gain competitive advantages from them. d. They tend to be very simple.

d. They tend to be very simple.

Which of the following is NOT a condition of job performance? a. being able to do the job b. wanting to do the job c. having the materials and information to do the job d. being able to provide self-direction

d. being able to provide self-direction

When integrating employees, under what structure do managers from different units informally work together to coordinate or to identify and solve shared problems? a. liaison roles b. permanent task forces c. cross-functional teams d. direct contact

d. direct contact

What term refers to the degree to which employees have the authority to set their own work goals, make decisions, and solve problems? a. participation b. expectancy c. collaboration d. empowerment

d. empowerment

Creating smaller units within a larger organization can increase which of the following benefits? a. lower costs b. coordination c. economies of scale d. flexibility

d. flexibility

Which of the following is an early perspective on motivation that suggested fostering a false sense of employees' inclusion in decision making would boost job performance? a. human resource approach b. scientific management c. Frederick Taylor's approach d. human relations approach

d. human relations approach

Pensions are an example of __________. a. a profit-sharing plan b. perquisites c. an award d. indirect compensation

d. indirect compensation

The process through which individuals learn what constitutes polite and acceptable behavior is called __________. a. culture b. intrapreneurship c. innovation d. socialization

d. socialization