MGT 410 - Exam 2 - Foundations of group behavior

since group results cannot be attributed to any single person, the relationship between an individual's input and the group's output is clouded and this increases the possibility of _______________ a) self-concordance b) emotional contagion c) negative offset d) social loafing

d) social loafing

(not from practice ?) which of the following does not encourage cohesiveness? a) stimulate competition with other groups b) make the group smaller c) encourage agreement with group goals d) decrease the time spent together e) give rewards to the group rather than to individual members

d) decrease the time spent together - want to increase time spent together

which of the following statements is true regarding behavior in a group? a) group norms do not press us toward conformity b) a recent study suggests those working in a group were less likely to lie, cheat, and steal than individuals working alone c) conformity to social norms is higher in individualistic cultures as compared to that in collectivist cultures d) devient workplace behavior is likely to flourish where it's supported by group norms

d) devient workplace behavior is likely to flourish where it's supported by group norms

which of the following groups is most likely to be determined by the organizational chart? a) informal b) task c) friendship d) formal

d) formal

what are the five stages of group development? a) generation, implementation, construction, production, termination b) introduction, development, production, deterioration, adjournment c) initiation, evolution, maturation, degeneration, termination d) forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning

d) forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning

which of the following statements is true regarding group decision making? a) if creativity is important then individuals tend to be more effective than groups b) group decision making tends to decrease the acceptance of the solution c) group decisions are typically less time consuming than individual decisions d) groups generate more complete information and knowledge than individuals

d) groups generate more complete information and knowledge than individuals

role perception indicates _______. a) other's belief regarding how you should act in a given situation b) the skills required for performing the job c) the social norms that are to be followed while performing the role d) our view of how we're supposed to act in a given situation

d) our view of how we're supposed to act in a given situation

(not from practice ?) we define ________ as a set of expected behavior patterns attributed to occupying a given position in a social unit a) tasks b) standards c) traditions d) roles

d) roles

(not from practice ?) informal groups are natural ___________ in the work environment that appear in response to the need for ___________ _____________.

natural formations; need for social contact

(not from practice ?) Zimbardo's prison experiment proved too successful in demonstrating how individuals learn what?

new roles

(not from practice ?) the ____________ ______________ is an unwritten agreement that exists between employees and employer. it sets out mutual expectations: what mgmt. expects from workers and vice versa

psychological contract

(not from practice ?) most employees are simultaneously in occupations, work groups, divisions, and demographic groups. each of these different identities can come into conflict when the expectations of one clash with the expectations of another. what kind of conflict is this?

role conflict

(not from practice ?) _____________ ____________ theory proposes that people have emotional reactions to the failure or success of their group because their self-esteem gets tied into the group's performance

social identity

(not from practice ?) ______________ is a socially defined position or rank given to groups or group members by others.

status

(not from practice ?) participants from the prison experiment had learned stereotyped conceptions of guard and prisoner roles from what?

the mass media

(not from practice ?) social identities help people reduce what?

uncertainty

which of the following terms indicates the degree to which group members are attracted to one another and are motivated to stay in the group? a) cohesiveness b) integration c) sociability d) reliability

a) cohesiveness

which of the following terms refers to the process by which an individual's desire for acceptance by the group and the pressure by the group on individual members to match its standards results in a change in the individual attitudes and behaviors? a) conformity b) coercion c) commitment d) convergence

a) conformity

which of the following terms best describes the applicable standards of behavior that are shared by a group's members? a) norms b) rules c) standards d) traditions

a) norms

which of the following terms best represents voluntary actions that violate significant organizational norms and, in doing so, threaten the well being of the organization or its members? a) negativity offset b) deviant workplace behavior c) self-concordance d) emotional contagion

b) deviant workplace behavior

Julia, Bree, and David work in different departments but often eat lunch together. they are an example of a(n) _______________ group a) formal b) informal c) command d) task

b) informal

the _________ norms dictate behavior such as with whom group members eat lunch and friendships on and off the job a) appearance b) social arrangement c) performance d) leisure

b) social arrangement

during the ___________ stage of group development, member accept the existence of the group but resist the constraints it imposes on individuality a) norming b) storming c) performing d) evolution

b) storming

(not from practice ?) which of the following does NOT determine status? a) the power a person wields over others b) the intensity of which one interactions with others c) a person's ability to contribute to a group's goals d) an individual's personal characteristics

b) the intensity of which one interactions with others

which of the following statements is true regarding informal groups? a) informal groups are defined by the organization's structure b) in formal groups, the behaviors team members should engage in are stipulated by and directed toward organizational goals c) a group of people, who come together to protest against a new law, is an informal group d) the six member of an airline flight crew are an informal group

c) a group of people, who come together to protest against a new law, is an informal group

according to status characteristics theory, which of the following factors does NOT determine status? a) control over the resources needed by the group b) contribution to goals c) ability to conform to group norms d) personality

c) ability to conform to group norms

(not from practice ?) a __________ group is determined by the organizational chart and is composed of individuals who report directly to a given manager a) task b) interest c) command d) friendship

c) command

role _______ indicates the way others believe you should act in a given context a) perception b) identity c) expectation d) criterion

c) expectation

which of the following stages of a 5 stage development model is characterized by a great deal of uncertainty about the group's purpose, structure, and leadership? a) introduction b) storming c) forming d) evolution

c) forming

the phenomenon of __________ describes situations in which group pressures for conformity deter the group from critically appraising unusual, minority, or unpopular views a) social loafing b) group shift c) groupthink d) group polarization

c) groupthink

which of the following terms indicates the tendency of individuals to spend less effort when working collectively? a) groupthink b) collective efficacy c) social loafing d) group shift

c) social loafing

which of the following statements is MOST likely to be true regarding interest groups? a) they are longer lasting than friendship groups b) they develop bc individual member have one or more common characteristics c) they are formed bc of some common objective d) they are governed by labor laws

c) they are formed bc of some common objective

(not from practice ?) the degree to which members of the group are attracted to each other and motivated to stay in the group is referred to as:

cohesiveness

(not from practice ?) conformity to social norms is higher in ____________ cultures

collectivist

(not from practice ?) ____________ theory is a belief that others in the group are not carrying their fair share.

equity theory