MGT 411 Exam 1 Study Guide
When a leader understand himself or herself and overcomes blind spots, it
becomes easier to understand and interact effectively with others
The basic tenet of the contingency approach to leadership was that
behavior effective in some circumstances might be ineffective under different conditions
End Values
beliefs about the kind of goals or outcomes that are worth trying to pursue
The collaborating style of conflict handling in a team reflects?
both a high degree of assertiveness and cooperativeness
What are the characteristics of Manager?
Organized Sequential Planned Detailed
What are "hard" management skills?
Organizing Directing Monitoring Reporting
Vroom-Jago Contingency Model
A contingency model that focuses on varying degrees of participative leadership and how each level of participation influences the quality and accountability of decisions
Which of the following situations indicates a leader acting as a facilitator in decision making?
A leader defining the problem to be solved and the boundaries within which the decision must be made.
Individualized leadership
A leader that develops a unique relationship w each subordinate to determine how the leader behaves toward the member or how the member responds
Fiedler's Contingency Model
A model designed to diagnose whether a leader is task-oriented or relationship-oriented and match leader style to the situation
Which of the following describes the "new reality" for leaders?
All of the following change is constant need for speed be global/think local disruptive technology from hero to humble
The Halo Effect
Overall impression of a person or situation based on one characteristic, either favorable or unfavorable.
What is the Whole Brain Concept
An approach that considers not only a person's preference for right-brained vs left-brained thinking, also conceptual vs experiential thinking. Identifies 4 quadrants of the brain related to different thinking styles
Reese is the managing director of IOD Inc. She makes all the important decisions for the organization without consulting her employees. She arbitrarily fixes the incentives and other benefits. She pressures her employees to meet unfair productivity targets. This indicates that Reese is a(n):
Autocratic
Which of the following common team dysfunctions results in people engaging in fingering pointing when things go wrong?
Avoidance of Accountability
Instrumental values
Beliefs about the types of behavior that are appropriate for reaching goals
Which of the following statements is true of virtual teams?
Building trust is the biggest challenge faced by virtual team leaders
Autocratic leadership
Centralizes authority driving power from position, control of rewards. Effective when the skill difference between the leader and subordinates is high.
Blindspots
Characteristics or habits that people are not aware of or don't recognize as problems but which limit their effectiveness and hinder their career success
Self-management is
Controlling emotions trustworthiness adaptability optimistic
Locus of Control
Defines whether a person places the primary responsibility for what happens to him or her within himself/herself or on outside forces.
Democratic leadership
Delegates encourages participation depends on subordinates
Telling style
Directive approach high concern for tasks and low concern for relationship Low readiness
In the evolution of leadership theories, which Era brought a focus on diversity, teams, empowerment and horizontal relationships?
Era 3
What are the 5 Big Personality Dimensions?
Extroversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness Emotional stability Openness to experience
Leadership involves maintaining the status quo, not creating change. (T/F)
False
Participative management encourages managers to direct and control employees. (T/F)
False
Hersey & Blanchard
Focuses on the characteristics of followers as the important element of the situation and determining effective leader behavior
Which of the following is the biggest benefit of leadership coaching reported by followers?
Getting clear, direct feedback
Agile leadership
Giving up control in the traditional sense and encouraging the growth and development of others to ensure organizational flexibility and responsiveness
Selling style
High concern for relationship and task moderate readiness
Participating Style
High relationship concern and low task behavior High readiness
What are the characteristics of Artist?
Holistic Intuitive Integrating Synthesizing
Leader-Member Exchange (LMX)
Individualized model that explores how leader-member relationships develop over time and how the quality of exchange relationships affect outcomes
What are the characteristics of Teacher?
Interpersonal Feeling based Kinesthetic Emotional
Which of the following statements is true of self-confidence?
It includes knowing and trusting in oneself. Leaders who know themselves develop self-confidence, which is general assurance in one's own judgments, decision making, ideas, and capabilities. Self-confidence doesn't mean being arrogant and prideful but rather knowing and trusting in oneself
Attributions
Judgements about what caused a person's behavior--either characteristics of the person or situation
What are the characteristics of Scientist?
Logical Analytical Fact based Quantitative
Inattention to results
Members put personal ambition or the needs of their individual departments ahead of the collective results.
Emma works as the general manager of Hazel Inc., an apparel manufacturer. Her daily routine involves setting goals and creating plans. She controls her subordinates using the power inherent in her position. She is very knowledgeable and is able to communicate her company's vision to her followers. This information indicates that Emma is most likely a(n):
Operational approach
Paul heads the marketing team of Jade Inc. The organization is conducting a marathon for the public to spread awareness of cancer. Joey is a proficient employee on Paul's team, and he has been spending most of his time organizing the event. Joey has an immediate deadline, but instead of completing his task, he engages in getting volunteers, making phone calls, and using social networking sites to promote the event. According to the situational theory of leadership, Paul should ideally apply which type of leadership style to improve the situation on his team?
Participating leader style
Which of the following is stated by the contingency approach to leadership?
Path-Goal Leadership Model The contingencies most important to leadership as are the situation and followers. The nature of followers has also been identified as a key contingency. Thus, the needs, maturity, and cohesiveness of followers make a significant difference to the best style of leadership.
Avoidance of Accountability
People don't accept responsibility for outcomes, results in finger-pointing when things go wrong.
Fear of conflict
People go along with others for the sake of harmony, the do not express conflicts opinions
What is the main reason successful leaders can go off track?
Poor soft skills
What are the components of Emotional Intelligence?
Self-awareness Self-Management Social Awareness Relationship Management
Assurance in one's own judgments, decision making, ideas, and capabilities is referred to as
Self-confidence
What are perceptual distortions?
Stereotyping perceptual defense Halo effect Projections
According to the situational theory of leadership, a _____ can be effective when followers have the necessary education, skills, and experience but might be insecure in their abilities and need some encouragement from the leader.
Supporting leadership style
Global Mindset
The ability of managers to appreciate and influence individuals, groups, organizations, and systems that represent different social, cultural , political, institutional, intellectual or psychological characteristics.
Systems Thinking
The ability to see the interaction of the whole rather than just the separate elements of a system and to learn to reinforce or change whole system patterns.
Self-awareness is
The basis for all other EI components Trust your gut self confidence
Authoritarianism
The belief that power and status difference should exist in an organization
Fundamental Attribution Error
The tendency of underestimate the influence of external factors on another's behavior and overestimating the influence of internal factors
What is stereotyping?
The tendency to assign an individual to a broad category and then attribute generalizations about a group or individual
Self-Serving Bias
The tendency to overestimate the influence of internal factors on one's successes and the influence of external factors on one's failures
What is projection?
The tendency to see ones own personal traits in others
Which of the following statements is true of Leadership Era 4?
This era requires the full scope of leadership that goes beyond rational management or team leadership Leadership Era 4 is the era of the agile leader who has made the leap to giving up control in the traditional sense. This era requires the full scope of leadership that goes far beyond rational management or even team leadership
The basic idea of Fielder's contingency model is to
To match the leadership style with the situation most favorable for his or her success
Potential leaders can be derailed due to a number of fatal flaws. Which of the following flaws would explain a failure when a top sales person was moved to a general manager position?
Too narrow management experience
Leaders at all levels need some degree of optimism to see possibilities and rally people around a vision for a better tomorrow. (T/F)
True
The contingencies most important to leadership are the situation and followers. (T/F)
True
The qualities needed for effective leadership are the same as those needed to be an effective follower (T/F)
True
What are the 4 quadrants of the Whole Brain Model?
Upper left: Scientist Lower left: Manager Upper right: Artist Lower right: teacher
4 important characteristics of Entrepreneurship
Vision & dissatisfaction w the present Ability to get on board Flexibility, adapt, open to feedback persistence and executes
What is an operational leadership role?
a vertically oriented leadership role direct control over people and resources self confident assertive analytical
5 Dysfunctions of a team
absence of trust fear of conflict lack of commitment accountability inattention to results
Leaders want followers who?
are positive and self-motivated
People who adopt a socioemotional role in a team?
are warm and receptive to others ideas
Mandy heads the sales team of Cobblestone Corp. She assists her subordinates by explaining how they can gain just rewards for their efforts. She helps them identify their strengths. She also suggests behaviors that will enable them to accomplish tasks and meet targets in the context of the path-goal theory, this scenario indicates that Mandy is:
clarifying the way to rewards for her subordinates.
Which style of conflict handling reflects a moderate amount of both assertiveness and cooperativeness?
compromise
Relationship Management is
connecting with others positive influence communication collaboration
What is participative leadership?
consults with subordinates about decisions encourages participation
What are "soft" management skills?
creating a culture inspiring people setting a vision
Contingency approaches
delineate the characteristics of situations and followers.
Personal Mastery
embodying clarity of mind, objectives, and organizing to achieve objectives. Commit to the truth Have a clear vision Bridging the gap between vision and reality
Social Awareness is
empathy divergent views service orientation
The difference between the basic people-oriented vs. task-oriented styles in chapter 2 and the contingency approach in chapter 3 is that the contingency approach factors in ___________ and ____________.
followers; situation
What are the 5 stages of team development?
forming storming norming performing adjourning
Max is a team leader who fins that his team members fear conflict. Due to this dysfunction in the team, the members?
go along with other for the sake of harmony
What is collaborative leadership role?
horizontal leadership works behind the scenes project managers, matrix managers, team leaders proactive, flexible, networkers
Jessica heads the software team of Allen Inc. She maintains an exclusive relationship with each team member. She has one-on-one interactions with her subordinates and does not use a common approach for all her team members. In the given scenario, Jessica follows which type of leadership to execute her role as an effective leader?
individualized leadership
Leadership is defined as an ____________ relationship among leaders and __________.
influence;followers
An important aspect of leadership is
influencing others to come together around a common vision
Which of the following statement is true of a high-performing team?
its team members need clear metrics
Which of the following is a personal source of upwards influence?
knowledge and skills
Personal Sources of Managing Up
knowledge, skills expertise effort persuasion
What happens in the adjourning stage?
leader: acknowledge/award task completed
What happens in the norming stage?
leader: emphasizes openness order and cohesion is established
What happens in the storming stage?
leader: encourages participation conflict/disagreement
What happens in the performing stage?
leader: facilitates cooperation/ problem solving
What happens in the forming stage?
leader: facilitates interaction orientation/ice-breaking
At which stage of team development has conflict been resolved and team unity and harmony emerge?
norming
A leader can enhance the abilities and contributions of followers by?
offering clarity of direction
Assumptions are
part of a leader's mental model dangerous if accepted as truth questioning assumptions help leaders should be viewed as temporary what worked before may not work again
Lack of commitment
people can't truly commit to decisions because they haven't contributed their true opinions and ideas
Lack of trust
people don't feel safe to reveal mistakes, share concerns or express ideas
Which type of follower uses whatever style best benefits his or her position and minimizes risk?
pragmatic survivor
What is an advisory leadership role?
provides guidance and support legal, finance, HR ability to influence others, honest and integrity
Delegating Style
reflects low concern for both tasks and relationships Very high readiness
What is supportive leadership?
shows concern for subordinates friendly approachable team climate
To influence the leader-follower relationship, effective followers should?
study the leaders preferred work style
What is directive leader?
tells subordinates exactly what they are supposed to do planning schedules goal setting stresses rules and regs
Emotional Intelligence
the abilities to perceive, identify, understand and successfully manage emotions in self and others
What is perceptual defense?
the tendency to protect oneself by disregarding ideas, situations or people that are unpleasant (blind spots) Errors in judgement that arise from inaccuracies in the perceptual process
Position Sources of Managing Up
visible position flow of information central location network of relationships