MGT341 Multiple Choice Study Guide
Which of the following statements is accurate regarding job rotation? a. Rotation is the regular movement of employees through firm jobs. b. Rotation leads to increased turnover. c. Rotation is an opportunity for employees to use skills they already have. d. Rotation leads to slightly elevated blood pressure measured in employees using the process due to their movement between jobs.
A
Which of the following terms is an example of biased language? a. salesman b. cleaner c. nurse d. engineer
A
When an individual is attempting to empathize with another person but nevertheless is displaying emotions he does not feel, he is engaging in a. deep acting. b. surface acting. c. genuine acting. d. cognitive dissonance.
A
Which of the following is a factor most likely to impact a group's cohesion? a. size b. height c. industry d. past experience
A
__________ is the degree to which a person is anxious, irritable, aggressive and moody. a. Neuroticism b. Extraversion c. Conscientiousness d. Openness
A
The systematic study and application of knowledge about how individuals and groups act within the organizations where they work is a. clinical psychology. b. organizational behavior. c. sociology. d. economics.
B
The ways in which people are similar or different from one another is a. culture. b. diversity. c. stereotypes. d. faultlines.
B
Which of the following communication channels has the lowest information richness? a. emails b. formal written documents c. blogs d. telephone conversation
B
Which of the following employees is more likely to turnover? a. Those who have been in the company for a long time. b. Those who have negative work attitudes. c. Those who have very little stress. d. Those who are high performers.
B
Which of the following is a piece of good advice regarding business e-mails? a. Do not sign off your e-mails with a closing like "Thank you"; it just wastes space. Simply send your contact information. b. Do not place anything in an e-mail you would not want the world to see. c. Use capital letters in order to convey importance. d. Make your request at the end of an email.
B
Which of the following is a tip discussed in the textbook to make disciplining an employee more effective? a. Discipline when you have time. b. Be consistent in your treatment of employees. c. Punishment is always the most effective way to modify behavior. d. Document behavior only if it is very severe.
B
Which of the following represents a negative emotion? a. stress b. fear c. surprise d. joy
B
Which of the following statements is true regarding diet and stress? a. Eating light meals in the middle of the day may slow down the body because there is insufficient food energy available to stimulate the brain to react to stress. b. Greasy foods make a person feel tired because digestion of the fats in such foods diverts blood from the brain. c. The dopamine in fish produces a feeling of sleepiness. d. Eating fish for lunch tends to reduce reaction times.
B
Which of the following statements related to fundamental factors affecting a group's cohesion is correct? a. The larger a group, the more cohesive it is likely to be. b. The more similar group members are, the more cohesive the group is likely to be. c. The more coaching group members receive, the less cohesive the group is likely to be. d. The less time a group has stayed together, the more cohesive a group is likely to be.
B
360-degree feedback is a. designed to provide feedback for promotion or pay decisions. b. designed to deal with all instances where competition between coworkers is prevalent. c. designed to provide feedback for developmental purposes. d. the most frequently used form of performance appraisal in U.S. firms.
C
A group is defined as a. a temporary team that addresses a specific problem or issue until it is resolved. b. a cohesive coalition of people working together to achieve mutual goals. c. a collection of individuals who interact with each other such that one person's actions have an impact on the others. d. teams where members are not located in the same physical space.
C
A management by objectives program includes a. detaching individual goals from organizational strategy. b. setting individual goals aligned with personal strategy. c. developing action plans. d. periodically reviewing your coworker's goals.
C
According to the authors of Organizational Behavior, a company's greatest asset is a. its product. b. its financial resources. c. its people. d. its location.
C
Communication can be categorized into three basic types a. verbal, direct, and nonverbal. b. direct, passive, and open. c. nonverbal, verbal, and written. d. written, nonverbal, and direct.
C
Esteem needs are a. the need to bond with other human beings. b. the desire to form lasting attachments. c. the desire to feel important. d. the freedom from an uncertain future.
C
Feedback refers to a. the extent to which the job requires a person to utilize multiple high level skills. b. the degree to which a person is in charge of completing an identifiable piece of work from start to finish. c. the degree to which people learn how effective they are being at work. d. the degree to which a person has the freedom to decide how to perform his tasks.
C
Gender discrimination is prohibited by which of the following laws? a. Age Discrimination Act b. Americans with Disabilities Act c. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act d. Occupational Safety and Health Act
C
Genuine acting is a. pretending to experience emotions not really felt. b. exhibiting physical signs that reflect emotions not felt. c. displaying emotions in alignment with your emotions. d. a mismatch of emotions.
C
Job rotation a. is breaking down jobs into their simplest components and assigning them to employees so that each person will perform a few tasks in a repetitive manner. b. refers to expanding the tasks performed by employees to add more variety. c. involves moving employees from job to job at regular intervals. d. allows workers more control over how they perform their own tasks.
C
Maslow's social needs could be satisfied by a. receiving an employee of the month award. b. getting promoted to assistant manager from a supervisor position. c. attending a department picnic after work. d. taking a class on Microsoft Office.
C
Motivation refers to a. having the skills and knowledge required to perform the job. b. a function of performance, ability and environment. c. the intention of achieving a goal, leading to goal-directed behavior. d. the only key to high performance.
C
Accommodating religious diversity in the workplace does not include a. work schedule modifications. b. dress code modifications. c. work duty modifications. d. pay level modifications.
D
Autonomy refers to a. the extent to which the job requires a person to utilize multiple high level skills. b. the degree to which a person is in charge of completing an identifiable piece of work from start to finish. c. whether a person's job substantially affects other people's health, work or well-being. d. the degree to which a person has the freedom to decide how to perform his tasks.
D
How could a firm best satisfy an employee's safety needs? a. Enroll the employee in a Microsoft Office training course. b. Provide an employee appreciation luncheon. c. Develop a weekly employee bowling league. d. Create a job security clause in the employment contract.
D
Individuals with a high need for affiliation a. want to influence others. b. have a strong need to be successful. c. desire to make an impact on the organization. d. want to be accepted by others.
D
A decision which centers on how things get done is a(n) a. tactical decision. b. strategic decision. c. operational decision. d. programmed decision.
A
An example of a crucial conversation is a. asking for a raise. b. taking part in a weekly meeting. c. assigning weekly work to an employee. d. chatting about the company's latest email on the firm's holiday party plans.
A
Coercive power a. is the ability to take something away or punish someone for noncompliance. b. is the ability to influence due to the possession of knowledge or skill. c. stems from the personal characteristics of the person such as the degree to which we respect and want to be like them. d. stems from one's organizational role or position.
A
Eduardo is the new manager of Great Corporation. He is sitting at his desk and writing down a list of steps that he can follow to create and maintain a cohesive work group. Which of the following would appear on that list? a. Celebrate differences so each individual's contribution is noticed. b. Give praise sparingly; if it is given too often, it loses its luster. c. Focus on supporting the "best and brightest" in the group. d. Set goals for group members to reduce competition or feelings of jealousy.
A
Escalation of commitment occurs because a. decision makers do not want to admit they were wrong. b. strict "turn back" points have been established. c. persistence pays off. d. decision makers lack personal pride.
A
Jennifer has to decide which of two job offers she is going to choose. She begins her process by listing the key criteria she is looking for in a job including salary level, location, promotional opportunities, and so on. She then takes each job offer letter and carefully goes through each line assessing the offer in relationship to the criteria she has established. Jennifer is using which of decision-making model to choose her job? a. the rational decision-making model b. the creative decision-making model c. the intuitive decision-making model d. the programmed decision-making model
A
Making choices among alternative courses of action, including inaction, is a. decision making. b. programmed decisions. c. satisficing. d. Consensus.
A
Martin finds out that his manager has been cheating employees out of pay bonuses. Martin's manager seems to lack a. integrity. b. agreeableness. c. extraversion. d. neuroticism.
A
Nancy and Mary are in the same sorority. Nancy is running for the university's student government treasurer position. Mary says, "I'll never vote for her, whether she is my sister or not." Mary is experiencing what kind of conflict? a. interpersonal b. intergroup c. intrapersonal d. interdependent
A
Olivia and her teenage daughter, Natalie, are arguing again about whether Natalie should go to a family gathering this Sunday or attend an outing with her friends. Olivia and her daughter argue about this topic every week. This time, Olivia turns to her daughter and says, "OK, if it is that important that you go out with Jenna Sunday, then I can agree this time around." Olivia is using what conflict handling style? a. accommodation b. controlling c. collaboration d. avoidance
A
Power that comes from knowledge and skill is a. expert power. b. referent power. c. legitimate power. d. reward power.
A
Servant leadership has an explicit focus on a. ethics. b. organizational change. c. paternalism. d. authoritarianism
A
The act of influencing others toward a goal is a. leadership. b. charisma. c. power. d. motivation.
A
The key factor in the effectiveness of transformational leadership is a. trust. b. creativeness. c. extraversion. d. charisma.
A
Which of the following is a common mistake in negotiations? a. Letting your ego get in the way. b. Deciding to negotiate. c. Having realistic expectations. d. Getting overly invested.
A
Which of the following is an example of intrapersonal conflict? a. role conflict b. an argument between coworkers c. a conflict with a customer d. role reversal
A
Whitt Company made a substantial monetary offer to Bob to leave his design job at Lincoln Industries and come to work at Whitt. The Whitt CEO, on hearing some complaints from members of the Whitt Board of Directors about the size of Bob's pay package, responded, "Bob is one of the few people in the industry who really understands what the customer wants and can design it into the product." Bob has ____________ power. a. expert b. legitimate c. referent d. legitimate
A
Which of the following is true with respect to gender differences in leadership style? a. Women are more relationally-oriented while men are task-oriented. b. Women tend to display more democratic and less autocratic styles as compared to men. c. Men display higher levels of transformational behaviors. d. When women succeed in traditionally masculine roles they are liked more by their peers.
B
Which of the following occupations is least likely to be a high-risk situation for workplace violence? a. law enforcement b. education c. bartending d. overnight gas station attendan
B
Which of the following statements is true regarding culture and perceptions of power? a. A country's culture determines how people will attempt to influence each other. b. In Mexico, which has a higher power distance dimension than in the United States, lower level managers were able to make decisions on behalf of their bosses. c. Rational persuasion is seen as more effective in China than in the United States. d. Chinese managers rated influence tactics like coalitions lower than their American counterparts.
B
A mediator should enter a negotiation when a. personal differences are detected. b. the parties are only talking for short periods of time and tension is rising. c. the parties are unable to find a solution. d. a quick resolution is desired but not imperative.
C
Allan is a member of a union. The supervisor at the firm where he works gave Allan a three-day suspension for not wearing his protective shoes on the manufacturing floor of his firm. Allan appealed the suspension and the company's plant manager refused to rescind the suspension. The union wants to appeal this decision to a neutral third party for a ruling. What procedure does the union want to utilize? a. mediation b. negotiation c. arbitration d. conflict management
C
An example of a question requiring a strategic decision is a. How often should I communicate with my new coworkers? b. How should we market the new product line? c. Should we downsize our organization?
C
Conflict refers to a. a process whereby two or more parties work toward an agreement. b. a process where an outside third party enters the situation with the goal of assisting the parties to reach an agreement. c. a process that involves people disagreeing. d. a process that involves bringing in a third party who has the authority to act as a judge and will make a decision to which parties must adhere.
C
Downward influence is best achieved through a. citing the firm's goals. b. forming alliances. c. an inspiring vision. d. forming support networks.
C
Intergroup conflict a. occurs between two individuals. b. occurs within the individual. c. occurs between two departments. d. occurs between team members.
C
Leaders who hold a position of authority and utilize the power that comes from their position as well as personal power to influence others are called a. informal leaders. b. transformational leaders. c. formal leaders. d. charismatic leaders.
C
Maria is part of an organizational behavior project group. Her group members chose her as the leader of the group because she is always on task, on time for meetings, sets achievable goals and is willing to assist anyone who needs help. Maria is a. agreeable. b. extraverted. c. conscientious. d. open.
C
Ned and Michael are managers of two different departments at Beckett Corporation. The two have not gotten along well over the years. Yesterday the two attended a budget meeting for the new fiscal year. Both wanted more funding for their departments. When the finance vice president suggested an increase for Ned's department, Michael became quite agitated and made a number of accusations about the nature of the numbers that Ned had used to support his position. After the meeting, Michael cornered the finance vice president in his office and continued his spiel on why his department deserved the extra funding but Ned's did not. What style of conflict handling does Michael exhibit? a. compromise b. accommodation c. competition d. avoidance
C
One barrier to effective teams is a. overly helpful team members. b. challenges of knowing how to work together. c. poorly managed team conflict. d. low organizational commitment.
C
Power that comes from one's organizational role or position is a. expert power. b. referent power. c. legitimate power. d. information power.
C
Problem solving tasks a. include actually making something such as a building, product or marketing plan. b. deal with creative tasks such as brainstorming a new direction or creating a new process. c. refer to coming up with plans for actions and making decisions. d. involve team members working on each task simultaneously.
C
Professor Lamb is a fabulous speaker—funny, topical, and very knowledgeable about his subject. His classes are always filled as soon as they open for scheduling and the waiting list to get into them is long. Students never miss his class and they highly recommend him to their friends. Graduate students want to study with him to learn his techniques. Professor Lamb has ___________ power. a. coercive b. legitimate c. referent d. reward
C
Referent power a. is the ability to take something away or punish someone for noncompliance. b. is the ability to influence due to the possession of knowledge or skill. c. stems from the personal characteristics of the person such as the degree to which we respect and want to be like them. d. stems from one's organizational role or position.
C
Strategic decisions refer to a. those that make the organization run on a daily basis. b. how things get done. c. those setting the course of the organization. d. those that occur frequently enough to have an automated response to them.
C
The ability to attract others, win their admiration, and hold them spellbound is a. power. b. influence. c. charisma. d. commitment.
C
The first step to an integrative approach to negotiation is a. listening. b. exploring options to achieving goals. c. adopting a cooperative stance. d. adopting an adversarial stance.
C
The influence tactic that works most effectively in organizations that value democratic decision making is a. pressure. b. coalition. c. consultation. d. ingratiation.
C
Though no conflict handling style is perfect, which style seems to be the most effective in many different situations? a. compromise b. competition c. collaboration d. accommodation
C
To satisfice is to a. generate new ideas that are original, fluent and flexible. b. set parameters against which all of the potential options can be evaluated. c. accept the first alternative that meets your general criteria. d. be influenced by the way in which problems are framed.
C
When a target agrees to a request and actively supports it, the target's response is a. resistance. b. compliance. c. commitment. d. conformity.
C
When leaders make decisions alone without involving employees in the decision making process, they are using a. laissez-faire decision making. b. participative decision making c. autocratic decision making. d. democratic decision making.
C
___________ leaders lead employees by aligning employee goals with the leader's goals. a. Directive b. Transactional c. Transformational d. Achievement-oriented
C
In democratic decision making a. leaders leave employees alone to make decisions. b. the leader provides minimum guidance and involvement in the decision. c. leaders make the decision alone without necessarily involving employees in the decision making process. d. employees participate in the making of the decision.
D
Intrapersonal conflict refers to a. a type of conflict between two people. b. conflict that takes place between different groups such as between different departments. c. a process that involves people disagreeing. d. a type of conflict that arises when a person is uncertain about what is expected or wanted or has a sense of being inadequate to the task.
D
Leaders who ensure their employees take part in decision making have a(n) _________________ leadership style. a. achievement-oriented b. supportive c. directive d. participative
D
Maria strongly disliked working in groups in college because she always felt there was someone who did not "pull his weight." However, now that she is a manager, she must organize teams in her firm. Which of the following is a tip to prevent social loafing she has received from other managers in her company? a. Evaluate the team only, not the individuals within the team. b. Assign equal amounts of work to group members. c. Choose a larger number of employees for each team. d. Define each individual's tasks in front of the group.
D
Negotiation refers to a. the process that involves bringing in a third party who has the authority to act as a judge and will make a binding decision. b. the process that involves two people disagreeing. c. the process where a third party enters a situation with the goal of assisting the parties to reach an agreement. d. the process whereby two or more parties work toward an agreement.
D
Overconfidence bias a. is the tendency of decision makers to be influenced by the way that problems are framed. b. occurs when looking backward in time where mistakes seem obvious after they have already occurred. c. refers to the tendency for individuals to rely too heavily on a single piece of information. d. occurs when individuals overestimate their ability to predict future events.
D
Political behaviors in organizations include which of the following? a. negotiating b. alliance building c. resolving conflicting interests d. all of the above
D
Programmed decisions are a. unique, nonroutine, and important, requiring conscious thinking, information gathering and careful consideration of alternatives. b. decisions that are made to set the course of an organization. c. a set of parameters against which all of the potential options in decision making will be evaluated. d. ones which occur frequently enough that an automated response is developed for them.
D
The ability to grant an increase in pay, a perk, or an attractive job assignment is ___________ power. a. referent b. legitimate c. expert d. reward
D
The critical decision that led to the decline of Kodak's success was a. failing to market the company's new digital product line. b. the switch to a matrix organizational structure. c. laying off two-thirds of the employee base. d. failing to embrace the change from film to digital
D
The ideal composition of a team should be determined based on a. team member demographics. b. the nature of the team's goals. c. the size of the organization. d. all of the above.
D
When the influence target does not wish to comply with the request and either passively or actively repels the influence attempt, they are exhibiting a. conformity. b. compliance. c. commitment. d. resistance.
D
Which of the following are tasks performed by teams? a. production tasks b. idea-generation tasks c. problem-solving tasks d. all of the above
D
Which of the following is a guideline in determining whether a decision is ethical? a. Will I feel better or worse about myself after I make this decision? b. Does the decision break any organizational rules? c. Is the decision fair? d. All of the above
D
Which of the following is a key characteristic of authentic leaders? a. They are afraid to act the way they are. b. They prioritize employee needs. c. They have no set priorities. d. They have high levels of personal integrity.
D
Which of the following is a negative outcome of conflict in the organization? a. excessive personal attacks b. climate of distrust c. employee feelings of being demeaned with resulting lower morale d. all of the above
D
A movie called the "Money Pit" starring Tom Hanks and Shelley Long focused on the couple buying a house and continually having to spend money repairing one part of it after another. A number of times they should have sold the house, but they kept thinking that if they did just one more thing, the house would be great. This is situation is an example of what decision-making trap? a. anchoring b. escalation of commitment c. framing bias d. overconfidence bias
B
Access to specific knowledge or skills is _______________ power. a. expert b. information c. referent d. reward
B
Authentic leadership a. is a leadership approach that defines the leader's role as serving the needs of others. b. refers to effective leaders who stay true to themselves. c. makes sure employees are involved in decision making. d. sets goals for employees and encourages them to reach those goals.
B
Conflict between two individuals such as coworkers is also known as a. intrapersonal conflict b. interpersonal conflict. c. intergroup conflict. d. interdepartmental conflict.
B
Getting a person to enter an employee assistance program for a substance abuse problem as a condition of keeping their job is an example of using the ____________ influence tactic. a. legitimating b. pressure c. personal appeal d. consultation
B
Maris Manufacturing is a unionized company producing customized metal units for the appliance and medical equipment industries. Each contract negotiation is a contentious affair for the union and management. However, over the past few months both union and management officials have become very concerned about the number of Maris union employees who are experiencing alcohol-related issues. Last month alone, six employees sought medical assistance under the employee assistance program. Management and union officials will be meeting next week to address the issue. This is an example of what conflict handling style? a. accommodation b. collaboration c. compromise d. competition
B
Mediation refers to a. the process of bringing in a third party who has the authority to act as a judge and will make a binding decision. b. the process where a third party enters the situation with the goal of assisting the parties to reach an agreement. c. the process whereby two or more parties work toward an agreement. d. the process that involves people disagreeing.
B
Norms refer to a. agreements on established ground rules, goals and roles. b. shared expectations about how things operate within a group or team. c. formal approaches to decision making in the group or team. d. measures of camaraderie in the group or team.
B
The ability to influence the behavior of others to get what you want is a. charisma. b. power. c. conformity. d. pressure.
B
The availability of too much information leading to more and more time being spent on gathering information and thinking about it, resulting in no decisions being made is a. satisficing. b. analysis paralysis. c. wildstorming. d. anchoring.
B
The conflict handling style that is uncooperative and unassertive is a. compromise. b. avoidance. c. accommodation. d. competition.
B
The investigation phase of the negotiation process involves a. understanding what your alternatives are. b. gathering information. c. making concessions. d. agreeing on terms.
B
The success of the game Angry Birds was in part attributed to the company's decision to a. change the color of the birds. b. focus on local, smaller markets before trying to enter the US and UK. c. give the game complex rules to follow. d. pilot test the game with teenagers
B
Using different forms of making others feel good about themselves is the influence tactic of a. exchange. b. ingratiation. c. pressure. d. personal appeal.
B
Which is the first step in the rational decision-making model? a. Establish decision criteria. b. Identify the problem. c. Weigh decision criteria. d. Generate alternatives.
B
Which of the following is a key property of a team? a. compensation based on individual outcomes b. collaborative action c. clear simple goals d. independent tasks
B
Which of the following is true for group decision making? a. Group decision making is faster than individual decision making. b. Groups often perform lower than the best individual in the group. c. Groups make it easier to achieve accountability for decisions. d. Groups generate fewer ideas than individuals.
B
A professor assigns grades due to _________ power. a. coercive b. referent c. reward d. legitimate
D
Abusive leaders are costly to organizations because of a. lost productivity. b. increased absenteeism. c. increased health care costs. d. all of the above
D
An achievement-oriented leader a. makes sure employees are involved in decision making. b. provides directions for his employees. c. provides emotional support to employees. d. sets goals for employees and encourages them to reach their goals.
D
Attempting to get others to do what we want is a. commitment. b. power. c. charisma. d. influence.
D
Empowerment means a. having the responsibility to reach goals. b. having the authority to reach goals. c. having the ability to make decisions. d. having the responsibility and authority to reach goals.
D
Who is most responsible for making strategic decisions? a. managers b. engineers c. low-level employees d. CEOs
D
Verbal communication should be used when a. immediate feedback is needed. b. conveying facts. c. ideas are complicated. d. no feedback is needed.
A
A mid-sized manufacturing company produced one thousand component assemblies in July of this year, far exceeding the previous record of 843 assemblies. One week later, the firm had grills brought on site and employees were treated to a steak luncheon. The steak grill-out is an example of a. an award. b. a bonus. c. gainsharint d. merit pay
A
A visual learner a. learns by retaining information from reading and seeing diagrams. b. has a preference for doing things and learning by trial and error. c. learns best based upon the circumstances of the situation. d. learns primarily by listening to others.
A
An attitude is a. our opinions, beliefs and feelings about our environment. b. an outcome of our efforts. c. the drive that energizes an individual. d. the degree to which people have freedom to decide how to act.
A
Communication fulfills three main organizational functions which are a. transmitting information, sharing emotions, and coordination. b. transmitting information, collaboration, and sharing emotions. c. control, collaboration, and coordination. d. sharing emotions, coordination, and control.
A
Job satisfaction refers to a. the feelings people have toward their jobs. b. the emotional attachment people have toward the company they work for. c. an unwritten understanding about what the employee will bring to the work environment. d. the degree of emotional intelligence an employee exhibits.
A
Job specialization a. is breaking down jobs into their simplest components and assigning them to employees so that each person will perform a few tasks in a repetitive manner. b. refers to expanding the tasks performed by employees to add more variety. c. involves moving employees from job to job at regular intervals. d. allows workers more control over how they perform their own tasks.
A
Maslow's physiological needs may be satisfied by a. food. b. feeling danger-free. c. feelings of importance. d. human bonds.
A
Maslow's theory of motivation suggests a. employee needs are ordered. b. employee needs are grouped in three categories. c. employee needs are divided into motivator and hygiene categories. d. employee needs are acquired as the result of life experiences.
A
Person-job fit is the a. degree to which a person's skill, knowledge, abilities and other characteristics match the job demands. b. degree to which a person likes an organization. c. degree to which a person's values, personality, goals and other characteristics match those of the organization. d. degree to which a person's attitude matches the culture of the work group.
A
Research on stress and leisure time around the world suggests which of the following? a. Compared to Europeans, Americans work longer hours. b. Japanese work 500 hours less than their counterparts in the USA. c. Americans are better in time management compared to their European counterparts. d. Americans are less likely to be employed than Europeans.
A
Stress is a. a fact of nature. b. decreasing in the American workplace. c. a mental barrier, but not a physical one. d. always negative.
A
The individual originating a message is called the a. sender. b. encoder. c. receiver. d. decoder.
A
The most likely individual to rate an employee is a. the employee's supervisor. b. a coworker of the employee. c. a customer of the employee. d. a subordinate of the employee.
A
The values, beliefs, and customs that exist in a society is a. culture. b. diversity. c. power distance. d. affirmative action.
A
A group where there is a great deal of camaraderie is a group experiencing a. group action. b. cohesion. c. social loafing. d. collective efficacy.
B
A stereotype is a. an attribute along which a group is split into subgroups. b. a generalization about a particular group of people. c. a way in which people are similar or different from each other. d. a difference in values, attitudes or beliefs.
B
Ability refers to a. having the resources, information and support one needs to perform well. b. having the skills and knowledge required to perform the job. c. the intention of achieving a goal, leading to goal-directed behavior. d. the function of performance, motivation, and environment.
B
An auditory learner a. learns primarily by taking tests. b. learns primarily by listening to others. c. learns by reading and seeing diagrams and graphs. d. learns best by trial and error.
B
Characteristics of cohesive groups include which of the following? a. knowing each other before formation of the group. b. working together on a meaningful task. c. having a random pattern of communication. d. indifference regarding membership in the group.
B
Chloe and Francois are graphic designers at Highland Lithographics. Both have the same job description. Earlier this month, Chloe found out that Francois makes $12.50 an hour while she makes $11.00. What theory of motivation best explains why Chloe went to her boss to complain about the pay disparity? a. ERG theory b. Equity theory c. Expectancy theory d. Reinforcement theory
B
Employee autonomy a. makes the employees more reactive in doing their jobs. b. increases motivation at work. c. decreases employee creativity. d. decreases employee effectiveness.
B
If you say to yourself, "As soon as I finish reading this chapter in my textbook, I am going to play Guitar Hero for an hour," this specific goal has motivated you because a. it has given you direction. b. it has energized you to keep going until you have accomplished the goal. c. it has provided you with self-esteem. d. it has caused you to re-think how you are working.
B
In the communication process model, the task of translating an idea into words is called a. decoding. b. encoding. c. medium. d. noise.
B
Individuals who expect yearly wage increases without exhibiting increased performance may be labeled a. benevolents. b. entitleds. c. equitably insensitive. d. expectancy sensitive.
B
Jennifer strongly dislikes her next-door neighbors, yet every time she sees them she stops to pleasantly chat with them for a few moments. Jennifer is engaging in a. genuine acting. b. surface acting. c. deep acting. d. cognitive acting.
B
Job enlargement a. is breaking down jobs into their simplest components and assigning them to employees so that each person will perform few tasks in a repetitive manner. b. refers to expanding the tasks performed by employees to add more variety. c. involves moving employees from job to job at regular intervals. d. allows workers more control over how they perform their own tasks.
B
Martin is the financial director of a small business. He recently read a memo from one department presenting a new idea for a product. During the discussion on the item afterward, Martin kept focusing on the cost of producing and marketing that product. The barrier facing Martin in this scenario is a. filtering. b. selective perception. c. emotional disconnects. d. semantics.
B
Organizational commitment refers to a. the feelings people have toward their jobs. b. the emotional attachment people have toward the company they work for. c. an unwritten understanding about what the employee will bring to the work environment. d. the degree of emotional intelligence an employee exhibits.
B
Self-esteem is a. the belief that one can perform a specific task successfully. b. the degree to which a person has overall positive feelings about him or herself. c. the degree to which people feel accountable for their own behaviors. d. the inclination to change the status quo.
B
The glass ceiling a. is based on a faultline in the employee workgroup. b. is the underrepresentation of women in executive and upper level management positions of companies. c. is an issue that was a problem until a decade ago. d. is the result of the less effective leadership styles practiced by women.
B
The relatively stable feelings, thoughts, and behavioral patterns a person has is a. values. b. personality. c. self-esteem. d. conscientiousness.
B
Person-organization fit is the a. degree to which a person's skill, knowledge, abilities and other characteristics match the job demands. b. degree to which a person likes an organization. c. degree to which a person's values, personality, goals and other characteristics match those of the organization. d. degree to which a person's attitude matches the culture of the work group.
C
The car was traveling very slowly on the highway in front of Ned. He turned to Sally and said, "This is ridiculous, we are never going to get there on time. That must be a woman driver in front of us!" Ned is engaging in a. false consensus error. b. self-fulfilling prophecy. c. stereotyping. d. first impressions.
C
What has research shown to be true about nonverbal communication? a. Nonverbal cues are only minimally important. b. Our gestures and other nonverbal movements are largely habitual and really do not convey much to your audience. c. When individuals are lying, they blink more frequently, shift their feet, and shrug more often. d. Only 7% of our message is conveyed through nonverbal communication while 55% is conveyed through the actual words of the message.
C
When you understand how OTHERS feel you are exhibiting which of the building blocks of emotional intelligence? a. self-awareness b. self-management c. social awareness d. relationship management
C
Which of the following is true about motivation? a. Being motivated is the same as being a high performer. b. Motivation is the sole reason why people perform well. c. Motivation is a key influence over an employee's performance level. d. Motivation is usually the most critical factor in a person's performance.
C
Which of the following statements about nonverbal cues is accurate? a. If your posture mirrors that of the person to whom you are speaking, it shows you are not listening and generally, not paying attention to that speaker. b. Happiness is conveyed through facial expressions of an upturned mouth and widened eyes. c. In some countries, like the United States, direct eye contact conveys trustworthiness. d. In the United States, the firmer the handshake, the better.
C
Which of the following statements is true regarding workaholics? a. Workaholics enjoy their work more than other employees. b. Someone is a workaholic if they work very long hours. c. Despite working long hours, workaholics may feel guilty or like they haven't worked enough. d. Workaholics are similar to Type B people.
C
Which of the following statements regarding nonverbal body signals is true? a. Hand waving indicates greetings in Europe just as it does in the United States. b. A "thumbs up" means five in Germany and one in Japan. c. The American "OK" gesture would be inappropriate or offensive in Brazil or Russia. d. The "hook 'em horns" gesture from the University of Texas means you are warding off evil in Italy.
C
18. Which of the following would be considered a sound piece of advice to help build your self-confidence? a. Set challenging, not impossible goals. b. Ignore negative advice, especially when it comes from a negative person. c. Take a self-inventory. d. all of the above.
D
64. Jason sent an email to his mother, "Ur never going 2 believe this. That prof gave me no credit for my paper. I h8 him." (with emoticons included). When his mother got the e-mail, it took her quite some time to decipher the message. Jason should have considered his audience when he _________ the message. a. decoded b. validated c. received d. encoded
D
Job enrichment a. is breaking down jobs into their simplest components and assigning them to employees so that each person will perform few tasks in a repetitive manner. b. refers to expanding the tasks performed by employees to add more variety. c. involves moving employees from job to job at regular intervals. d. allows workers more control over how they perform their own tasks.
D
Marina is encouraging her sorority sisters to function as a cohesive group. She lists all of the following as benefits EXCEPT a. you will have greater self-confidence and self-esteem if you are a regular part of the group. b. if you are experiencing stress, as you might during finals week, you can depend on your sisters to help get you through. c. if you experience a personal tragedy or challenge, your sisters will help you cope. d. If you are part of the sorority, you do not have to attend meetings and events often because you can depend on your sisters to cover for you.
D
Martha's mom asks her to go to the grocery store for her. Martha agrees and heads upstairs to get ready. Before she leaves her house, she sits down at her desk to check her e-mail and receives a text message from her friend Nancy to turn on the television and see the story about their friend, Jill. As the story about Jill comes on, Martha's mom comes in and asks Martha to get her an eight-ounce can of diced tomatoes. Martha smiles at Mom and nods and listens to the story on television as she e-mails Sandra and picks up her phone to text Nancy. When Martha gets to the store, she heads to the tomato aisle and stands in front of the pureed tomatoes trying to remember if mom wanted an 8- or 16-ounce can. This scenario depicts which barrier to communication? a. filtering b. selective perception c. semantics d. information overload
D
Raja and James are next-door neighbors and their sons are best friends. Raja and James take the boys on many father-son outings. Raja is James' boss at ABC Corporation. James gets high ratings from Raja. There may be bias in those ratings due to a. leniency. b. stereotypes. c. contrast. d. liking.
D
Research indicates that exercise is an effective strategy for managing stress. Which of the following statements best describes some of the findings from studies on exercise and stress? a. Physically active breaks, like walking, actually increase mental fatigue. b. Exercise, like light calisthenics, actually absorbs energy. c. Light exercise tends to erode hand-eye coordination as well as fine motor control. d. Regular exercise increases the body's ability to draw oxygen out of the air, thus combating stress.
D
Sleep research on stress indicates that a. workers who miss work because of exhaustion become rejuvenated and face less stress upon their return to work. b. nearly all adults have trouble sleeping. c. work-life conflict makes good sleep easier to achieve. d. insomnia is a stress-related epidemic.
D
Stuart works on an auto assembly line. Last year he was responsible for welding the upper panel of the wheel well onto the left rear wheel area. This year, he is also responsible for welding all parts of the entire left rear wheel area. This auto assembly line underwent a job re-design using the ________ ________technique. a. job specialization. b. job enrichment. c. job rotation. d. job enlargement.
D
The Americans with Disabilities Act a. requires a firm to hire individuals with disabilities. b. requires a firm to interview individuals with disabilities. c. prohibits discrimination in employment against individuals with physical disabilities. d. prohibits discrimination in employment against individuals with physical or mental disabilities if these employees are otherwise qualified to do their jobs with or without reasonable accommodation.
D
The faculty of a Midwestern business school is comprised of 33 males and 4 females. The past five candidates hired have all been male. There seems to be a (an)__________ diversity issue in this workplace. a. age b. race c. religion d. gender
D
To empower your employees, a. retain information on the job until it is absolutely needed. b. take away employee power so your manager accountability is not compromised. c. make sure managers continue to manage in such a manner that they are stepping in with routine responses to issues. d. change the company structure so employees have more power on the job.
D
Validity is a. an entity that can take on different values. b. the consistency in measurement. c. the strength of the relationship between two variables. d. the degree to which a measure captures what it is intended to measure.
D
Values a. encompass the relatively stable feelings, thoughts, and behavioral patterns a person has. b. are initial thoughts and perceptions we form about people, which tend to be stable and resilient to contrary information. c. are generalizations based upon a perceived group characteristic. d. refer to stable life goals people have, reflecting what is most important to them.
D
Which of the following communication channels would be the most information-rich? a. Written letters. b. Handheld devices. c. E-mails. d. Videoconferencing.
D
Which of the following factors contribute to job satisfaction? a. personality. b. job characteristics. c. work/life balance. d. all of the above.
D
Which of the following factors has been shown to be a cause of HIGH levels of absenteeism in a firm? a. positive work attitudes b. personality c. age of the worker d. work-life balance issues
D
Which of the following federal laws prohibits discrimination in employment against lesbian, bisexual, gay and transgender individuals? a. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act b. Family and Medical Leave Act c. Americans with Disabilities Act d. There is currently no federal law protecting lesbian, bisexual, gay and transgender individuals.
D
Which of the following is NOT a type of response to stress? a. physical b. mental c. emotional d. societal
D
Which of the following is a key factor in understanding what kind of attributions we make? a. past experiences b. mood c. perception d. consensus
D
Which of the following is accurate according to organizational behavior research? a. Successful companies are more centralized. b. Successful companies emphasize the status differences between their employees. c. Successful companies have very simple and informal hiring systems. d. Successful companies treat their employees well.
D
Which of the following is an advantage of job rotation? a. employees become cross-trained due to their movement between jobs. b. managers have greater scheduling flexibility in a job rotation system. c. employees experience less boredom in a job rotation system. d. all of the above.
D
Which of the following statements about listening is correct? a. Listening takes practice and concentration. b. Effective listening has a behavioral and emotional component. c. Active listening creates a real-time relationship between the sender and receiver. d. All of the above
D
Which of the following statements is true regarding cross cultural communication? a. Norms for nonverbal communication is consistent across cultures. b. Attempting to adapt to another culture in business dealings is not necessary. c. High situational context cultures, "get down to business" in negotiating deals. d. Within the same culture, words can be misunderstood because of a lack of common experiences.
D
Which of the following statements regarding verbal and written communication is true? a. Written communication is an inherently flawed medium for conveying specific facts. b. Individuals hear about 150 words per minute, but speak around 400-500 per minute. c. It is very difficult to teach individuals to write clearly. d. Over ninety percent of employers consider writing a key skill for hiring new employees.
D
Which was the most stressful job in America in 2013 according to Forbes magazine? a. miner b. inner city high school teacher c. police officer d. enlisted military personnel
D
Written communication should be used when a. there is time urgency. b. ideas are simple. c. emotions or feelings need to be conveyed. d. facts need to be conveyed.
D
Your paycheck could likely satisfy which of the following needs identified by Maslow? a. physiological needs. b. esteem needs. c. safety needs. d. all of the above.
D
