MHR 733 Ch 7: On-The-Job Training Methods
Job Instruction Training Step 3: Performance
> Ask trainee to perform less difficult parts of the job > Allow the trainee to perform the entire job
Approaches to OTJ Training
> On the spot lecture > Viewed performance & feedback > Following Nellie (supervisor trains senior employee, who trains new employee) > Job-aid approach: instructions or video then trainer monitors performance > The training step: trainer systematically introduces the task > Planned Sequence
Job Instruction Training Step 2: Instruction
> Show trainee how to perform the job > Repeat and explain key points in more detail > Allow the trainee to see the whole job again
Apprenticeship
A method for skilled trades workers that combines OTJ training and classroom instruction.
Cross-training
Training employees to perform each other's jobs so they can step in if necessary. Can be done via job rotation.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Off-the-job training
+ Can easily combine instructional methods and tailor to trainee. Can also include more trainees. - Can be more costly and can hinder application.
Advantages and Disadvantages of On-the-job training
+ Less costly and greater application - The work environment is full of distractions. There is also potential of damage to work equipment and safety hazards, and slowdown of production.
Job Instruction Training
A formal and structured approach that incorporates behavioural modelling. 4 steps: 1. Preparation: gauge enthusiasm 2. Instruction: encourage Qs 3. Performance: provide feedback and reinforcement 4. Follow-up: continue to monitor performance
Mentoring
A senior member takes a personal interest in the career of a junior employee. Provides coaching and counseling, including career support and psychosocial support.
Types of On-The-Job Training Methods
From simplest to most expensive and time consuming: 1. Job Instruction Training 2. Performance aid 3. Job Rotation 4. Apprenticeship 5. Coaching 6. Mentoring
Examples of performance aids
Signs or prompts such as "Did you turn off the computer?" Trouble-shooting aids Special tool Posters
Job Instruction Training Step 1: Preparation
Trainer breaks job into small tasks and prepares equipment. It is important to determine a communication strategy that fits the trainee and to find out what they already know. 3 components: > Put trainee at ease using small talk > Guarantee the learning is possible to build self-efficacy > Build interest and show personal advantage
