Micro HW #1-6 (Exam 1)

Which of the following has historically been the first division in a system of bacterial taxonomy?

Gram-positive versus gram-negative cells

Which activity is an example of biotechnology?

Humans use yeast to make beer and wine

Spontaneous generation is the idea that

Living things arise from nonliving matter.

The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called

Phylogeny

The primary function of the cell membrane is

To regulate the transport of molecules in and out of the cell

What type of media would be the best choice for isolating a bacterial colony?

Trypticase soy agar

Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other major groups of microorganisms?

Viruses lack ribosomes

When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms, the process is called

Genetic engineering

Which of the following are not considered microorganisms?

Mosquitoes

What would be the power of magnification when using a microscope with a 10x ocular lens and a 45x objective lens?

450x

A Petri dish containing isolated colonies of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa would be described as being

A mixed culture

Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish that

A specific microbe is the cause of a specific disease

The best understood bacterial cytoskeletons are composed primarily of

Actin

Which of the following is not a process in the scientific method?

Belief in a preconceived idea

The most widely used type of light microscope is the

Bright-field microscope

The bacterial flagellum moves

By rotation that is powered by the proton motive force

The scientist(s) that proposed assigning organisms to one of three domains is/are

Carl Woese and George Fox

The two groups of obligate intracellular bacteria are the __________, usually spread by contact, and the __________, usually transmitted by the bites of arthropods.

Chlamydias; rickettsias

Excess nutrients that the cell may store for later use may be found within

Cytoplasmic granules.

Pasteur used swan-neck flasks in his experiments to prove that

Dust in air was a source of living microorganisms

Please select the statement which is incorrect regarding fixed preparations.

Fixed preparations are used to view live cells

Nutrient agar is a microbiological growth medium designed to grow a wide variety of bacterial species. The medium contains beef extract, a mix of naturally occuring proteins, sodium chloride, and 1.5% agar. This medium is classified as a

General purpose, complex, solid medium.

Numerous cases of microcephaly have been observed in the newborn babies of women who were infected with Zika virus during pregnancy. This led to the proposed hypothesis that Zika virus was causing the birth defects. This is an example of

Inductive reasoning

Other than maintaining the shape of the cell, what is the primary function of the cell wall, and which component contributes most to this function?

Maintaining strength; peptidoglycan

Please choose the statement which best explains the significance of microorganisms not being culturable.

Microbes that cannot be cultured may be the cause of diseases which are now considered noninfectious

Of the photosynthetic bacteria, cyanobacteria produce __________ as a product of photosynthesis, but the green and purple sulfur bacteria do not produce this substance.

Oxygen

Disease-causing microorganisms are called

Pathogens

The molecule primarily responsible for the strength and stability of the bacterial cell wall is

Peptidoglycan

The microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in their cells are called

Prokaryotes

To obtain a three-dimensional view of the surface of a protozoan parasite with a total magnification of 10,000x, the best instrument to use would be a

Scanning electron microscope

The __________ level of bacterial organisms refers to a group of organisms that all share the same traits while the subspecies level refers to the variation or differences of individual cells within that group.

Species

Which of the following is the correct way to write the scientific name of this bacterium?

Staphylococcus aureus

An isolation technique in which an inoculating loop is used to spread a liquid sample over the surface of a solid medium, following a pattern that gradually thins out the sample is a

Streak plate

In a light microscope, the objective lens forms the __________ image, which then is magnified by the ocular lens to form the __________ image that is received by the eye.

real; virtual