Microbiology ch 1
A hypothesis can be defined as
A scientific explanation that is subject to testing
Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish that
A specific microbe should be classified in a specific kingdom
Sterile refers to
Absence of any life forms and viral particles
Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example of
Bioremediation
What is spontaneous generation theory? Describe one scientific method which was used to test the theory of spontaneous generation
Certain living things were believed to be arising from vital forces present in non-living or decomposing matter. Pasteur's experiment
An area of microbiology that is concerned with the occurrence of disease in human population is
Epidemiology
The area of biology that states that organisms undergo gradual structural and functional changes over long period of time
Evolution
A scientist studying helminthes is working with bacteria
False
All microorganisms are parasites
False
Parasites are free-living organisms that derive their nutrition from the non-living environment
False
Which process involves the deliberate alteration of an organism's genetic material
Genetic engineering
When assigning a scientific name to an organism
Genus name is capitalized and both genus and species name italicized or underlined
Differentiate between a hypothesis and theory. What are the different steps between formulation of a hypothesis and acceptance of it as a theory
Hypothesis: Is a tentative explanation of what has been observed or measured. Theory: Is a collection of statements that explains a natural event Different steps between hypothesis and theory are; predictions, testing and retesting, rejection, modification or acceptance of the hypothesis
Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses
Lack cell structure
How would you classify a virus?
Not prokaryotic, eukaryotic, or archaea
Helminths are
Parasitic worms
Disease-causing microorganisms are called
Pathogens
The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called
Phylogeny
A prominent difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the
Presence of a nucleus in eukaryotes
The number one worldwide infectious diseases are
Respiratory diseases
Which of the following is a scientific name
Streptococcus pyogenes
The scientific field that is involved in the identification, naming and classification of the organisms
Taxonomy
What is a binomial system of nomenclature and why is it used
The method of assigning scientific name is called binomial system of nomenclature. It is a combination of the name of the genus followed by name of the species. Genus name is always capitalized and species part is written in lowercase letter; both should be italicized or underlined. The advantage of standardized nomenclature is that it provides a universal language thereby making the exchange of information easier.
A hypothesis must be tested before it can be considered a theory
True
Members of the same species share many more characteristics compared to those shared by members of same kingdom
True
Most common way to apply scientific method is called the deductive approach
True
Some stomach ulcers are caused by an infection
True
Taxonomic system has 3 primary functions; naming, classifying and identifying species
True
The six types of microorganisms are bacteria, fungi, algae, virus, protozoa and helminths
True
The term sterile means free of all life-forms
True
Evolutionary relatedness can be determined by examining the nucleotide sequences
rRNA