Microbiology Chapter 7

A saprobe differs from a parasite In that

A saprobe derive nutrients from dead plants and animals , but a parasite drives nutrients from living plants and animals.

The movement of substance from lower to higher concentration across a semipermeable membrane via a specific protein carrier and cell expenditure of energy is called

Active transport

Which organism has a challenge to maintain cellular electrolyte and fluid balance in its environment

All of the above have problems in maintaining electrolyte and fluid balance within the cell

The methanogens , producers of methane gas , require environment that

Are anaerobic with hydrogen gas and CO2

Bacteria living in a freshwater stream that are transferred to ocean water would

Become dehydrated due to the loss of water

Growth factors

Cannot be synthesized by the organism

Facilitated diffusion is limited

Carrier proteins in the membrane

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration is called

Diffusion

You want experiment with microbial growth in various nutrients , so you inoculate a loopful of E. coli into a tube of honey. Which statement best describes what you expect to happen and why

E. coli does not grow because it has been dehydrated by honey.

Which of the following require the cell to use energy

Endocytosis

The movement of substance from higher to lower concentration across a semipermeable membrane via a specific protein carrier but without energy expenditure is called

Facilitated diffusion

An organism that grow slowly in the cold but has an optimum growth temperature of 32c is called an

Facultative psychrophile

Obligate saprobes can adapt to living host

False

Saprobes do not need a carbon source for growth and metabolism

False

Whether an organism is an autotroph or heterotroph depends on its source of nitrogen

False

The cell wall will help prevent the cell from bursting in conditions

Hypotonic

An important ion found in the cytochrome pigment of cellular respiration is

Iron

Microorganisms require large quantities of for use in cell structure and metabolism

Macronutrients

An important mineral ion that is a component of chlorophyll and serves as a stabilizer of membranes and ribosomes is

Magnesium

Most of the dry weight of a microbial cell is form

Organic compounds

Diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane is called

Osmosis

When whole cells or large molecules in solution are engulfed by a cell this endocytosis specifically termed

Phagocytosis

This microbe is photosynthetic , but in the absence of light it can use organic compounds as an energy source. it carbon source is an organic compound. The appropriate classification for this organism would be

Photoautotroph

Mediated transport of polar molecules and one across the plasma membrane utilizes an carrier that binds to the substance and causes a conformational change to allow its movement across the membrane

Protein

Organisms that feed on dead organisms for nutrients are called

Saprobes

Calcium is required for bacteria because it

Stabilizes the cell wall

Many lake in the united states are suffering from periodic algae blooms , which can be thought of as an infection of the lake. although the algae are naturally-occurring in the lake . when adjacent farm fields are over-fertilized with diammonium phosphate. the run-off deposits these nutrients in lake , allowing the algae to grow without limit. which of the following statement is incorrect the overgrowth of algae?

The algae are heterotrophs

Microorganisms require small quantities of for enzyme function and maintenance of protein structure

Trace elements

Facilitated diffusion and active transport require a carrier protein to mediates the movement across the plasma membrane

True

Inorganic nitrogen must be converted to ammonia to be used by a cell

True

Lithoautotrophs use inorganic nutrients for carbon and energy sources

True

Phosphorus is one of the major elements needed in larger quantities by microorganisms

True

Whether an organism is a phototroph or a chemotroph depends on its source of energy

True

Contractile vacuoles are

Used to expel excess water from cells