***Microbiology D
The type of immunity conferred after birth is called
Acquired
Vaccines bring about a type of immunity referred to as Active Passive
Active
Which of those listed below are obligate intracellular parasites? Chlamydia Rickettsia Viruses All of these
All
The inhibition of bacterial growth and reproduction without necessarily destroying the organisms is the result of
An antiseptic
Which of the following substances is most specific in antimicrobial action? a. antibodies b. antibiotics c. antigens d. antiseptics
Antibodies
The serum derived from an animal that has been immunized to an infectious disease and is used to confer immunity to others, including humans, is called A vaccine Antitoxin An antibiotic Antiserum
Antiserum
The serum derived from an animal that has been immunized to an infectious disease and is used to confer immunity to others. including humans, is called a vaccine antiserum antitoxin an antibiotic
Antiserum
Ultraviolet rays of sunlight are essential for bacterial metabolism are essential for bacterial reproduction are bacteriacidal are bacteriostatic
Are bactericidal
The type of immunity that results from the inoculation of a toxoid is Artificially acquired active Naturally acquired passive Artificially acquired passive Naturally acquired active
Artificially acquired active
Vibrio cholerae are bacteria responsible for the infection called Asiatic cholera infectious jaundice anthrax pertussis
Asiatic Cholera
A bacterium which has had its virulence reduced is said to be
Attenuated
An organism that can utilize inorganic matter as food is called Saprophytic Parasitic Autotropic Heterotropic
Autotrophic Bacteria that require organic compounds for nourishment are Heterotrophic
Those bacteria that may be capable of forming spores are called
Bacilli
Hemolysins and leucocidins are classified as Vaccines Antibodies Immune serums Bacterial toxins
Bacterial Toxins
What type of condition is produced by the application of an antiseptic? bacteriostatic aseptic bacteriocidal sterile
Bacteriostatic
What is a condition in which bacteria are found in the blood but not multiplying there? bacteremia septicemia sapremia toxemia
Bacterremia
Which of these is least effective in achieving a sterile environment?
Boiling
Many bacteria possess a thick colorless gelatinous outer covering called a capsule inclusive body spore nucleus
Capsule Increases virulence
Which is the following structures interfere most with phagocytosis? Granules Vacuoles Capsules Flagella
Capsules
Pueperal sespsis is commonly referred to as Whooping cough Blood poisoning Plague Childbed fever
Childbed Fever
Lymphogranuloma venereum is caused by a Chlamydia Bacteria Virus Spirochete
Chlamydia
Lymphogranuloma venereumis cause by a Spirochete Chlamydia Virus Bacteria
Chlamydia
The causative organism for Tetanus is from the Genus:
Clostridium
Which of the following organisms is an exotoxin producer?
Clostridium perfringes
Which of the following enzymes causes blood plasma to clot?
Coagulase
Those bacteria which are spherical in shape are called
Cocci
Septic sore throat is caused by a:
Coccus
Which of the following is an example of a fomite?
Coffee Cup
Which of these is primarily bacteriostatic in its action? (stops from reproducing)
Cold
The destruction of all pathogens and their products is termed The destruction of all microorganisms
Disinfection Sterilization Know difference between those two and antisepsis + bacteriostasis
Normal flora bacteria will cause which of the following types of infection?
Endogenous
Which of these is an example of pathogenic protozoa? Staphylococcus aureus Treponemapallidum Vibrio cholerae Entamoeba histolytica
Entamoeba histolytica
What type of substance is secreted by a living cell that can bring about chemical changes in another substance without undergoing any substantive change themselves?
Enzymes
__________ are poisonous substances produced by bacteria and released into the surrounding medium by the living cells.
Exotoxins
Those bacteria that prefer to live in the presence of free oxygen but can live in its absence arc called
Facultative Anaerobes
The disease known as puerperal sepsis occurs in the skin digestive tract female reproductive tract respiratory tract
Femoral Reproductive Tract
What infection spreads from one area of infection to set up other areas of infection in the body? Local Epidemic Focal Acute
Focal
Which of the following is caused by a member of the genus Staphlococcus? Staphylococcus Mycobacterium Streptococcus Treponema
Food Poisoning
Histoplasmosis and coccidiodomycosis are caused by
Fungi
In the name Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the first name is the
Genus
Which of the following is NOT a fungal infection? Aspergillosis Coccidioidomycosis Candida Giardiasis
Giardiasis
Which of the following is NOT a phenolic compound?
Glutaraldehyde
Which of the following is NOT a phenolic compound? Glutaraldehyde Phenol Carbolic acid Hexachlorophene
Glutaraldehyde
Bacteria that require organic compounds for nourishment are
Heterotrophic
Which of the following would most likely transmit typhoid fever as a mechanical vector? tick louse mosquito housefly
Housefly
Diplococci appear
In Pairs
Epidemic typhus fevers are transmitted by Mosquitoes Lice Ticks Flies
Lice
What type of bacteria grows best between temperatures of 30 degrees celsius and 40 degrees celsius? Cryophilic Mesophilic Psychrophilic Thermophilic
Mesophilic
The study of the smallest microscopic life forms is Bacteriology Protozoology Virology Microbiology
Microbiology
Molds are multicellular procaryotic spore fanners unicellular
Multicellular
Which organism is acid fast positive? Neisseria Mycobacterium Corynebacterium Salmonella
Mycobacterium
Which of the following organisms has a high lipid content of the cell wall? Treponema pallidum Mycobacterium tuberculosis Neisseria gonorrhea Francisella tularensis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
The causative organism in primary atypical pneumonia is: Epstein-Barr virus Mycoplasma Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pyogenes
Mycoplasma
The type of immunity which is the result of placental transfer of antibodies is called Artificially acquired active Naturally acquired active Naturally acquired passive Artificially acquired passive
Naturally Acquired Passive
Ophthalmia neonatorum is an infection caused by a species of bacteria which is a member of the genus
Neisseria
The cytoplasm of the typical eucaryotic cell is separated from the nucleus by the Cell wall Cytoplasmic membrane Endospore Nuclear membrane
Nuclear Membrane
Which structure contains the material of inheritance? cell wall cell membrane ribosomes nucleic acid
Nucleic Acid
The prefix "staphylo" refers to an organism's tendency to
Occur in grape-like clusters
Silver nitrate prophylaxis was once used for the control of
Ophthalmia neonatorum
Microorganisms that produce disease only under favorable conditions are
Opportunists
Chlamydia psittaci causes
Parrot Fever
Refers to the ability of an organism to gain entry into the body and bring about an anatomical (structural) or physiological (functional) change or both, resulting in a change in the state of that person's health, disease Virulence Pathogenicity Infection Infestation
Pathogenicity
The advantage of using heat for the disinfection of materials over other forms of disinfection, like the use of chemicals, is that heat: penetrates throughout the materials None of these is less costly than chemicals is more readily available
Penetrates throughout the materials
Which of the chemical agents is described as a coal-tar derivative? phenol formaldehyde mercuric chloride ammonia
Phenol
Which of the following is used as a standard to measure the efficiency of chemical disinfectants? phenol alcohol formalin bichloride of mercury
Phenol
Bacteria are considered to be Procaryotic Fungicidal Inorganic Eucaryotic
Procaryotic
Malaria and amoebiasis are caused by yeast protozoa virus bacteria
Protozoa
Malaria is caused by a: Helminths Protozoa Viruses Molds
Protozoa
Which of the following is caused by Chlamydia? Psittacosis Scarlet Fever Tuberculosis Herpes Simplex Type II
Psittacosis
Which of the following is caused by rickettsia? Rabies Mumps Q fever Poliomyelitis
Q Fever
What disease is caused by Francisella tularensis?
Rabbit Fever
Streptococcus pyogenes is responsible for the infectious disease Pertussis Ophthalmia neonatorum Rheumatic fever Meningococcemia
Rheumatic Fever
The causative agent of typhus fever is a Rickettsia Bacterium Virus Fungus
Rickettsia
Which of the following diseases is not protected against by the MMR vaccine? German measles Measles Rocky Mountain Spotted fever Epidemic parotitis
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Epidemic Parotitis = MUMPS
Which of the following viruses is most likely transmitted from person to person by unsanitary injection procedures? Serum hepatitis Herpes simplex Poliomyelitis Measles
Serum Hepatitis
With what disease is Varicella Zoster identified?
Shingles
The word "streptococcus" describes
Spherical cells arranged in chains
Which of the following is capable of producing an enterotoxin that will cause food poisoning? Staphylococcus Mycobacterium Streptococcus Treponema
Staphylococcus
Which of the following organisms is capable of forming capsules when living as parasites? Neisseria gonorrhea Strepotococcus pneumoniae Mycobacterium tuberculosis Staphylococcus aureus
Strepotococcus pneumoniae
A virus is a
Strict parasite
Which one of the following diseases is caused by a spiral-shaped organism? Tetanus Chancroid Gonorrhea Syphilis
Syphilis Treponema Pallidum
What infection occurs as a late complication of another disease and is itself the actual cause of death? Sporadic Terminal Primary Endogenous
Terminal
Which of the following is NOT applicable to viruses? They contain either DNA or RNA but not both They are intracellular parasites They are autotrophic organisms They are sub-microscopic organisms
They are autotrophic organisms
What is the implication of sterilization?
To render an object free of all living organisms
Parrot fever is
Transmitted by air
Which of the following diseases may be caused by the organisms responsible for infection entering the body through the unbroken skin? Tetanus Syphilis Gonorrhea Tularemia
Tularemia
Mosquitos have been implicated in the transmission of which of the following types of Hepatitis? Types A and C Types A, B and C Type C only Types B and A
Type A, Type C A=Infectious Hepatitis C=Blood transfusion Hepatitis B=Serum Hepatitis (Bloodborne)
Which is NOT a viral disease? Epidemic parotitis Rubella Poliomyelitis Typhus fever
Typhus Fever (Causative Agent Rickettsia)
Which is NOT a viral disease?
Typhus Fever Causative Agent is Rickettsia (bacteria)
Protozoa may be classified as Unicellular Multicellular Acellular Procaryotic
Unicellular
The causative agent of a disease modified in such a manner that it will no longer cause the disease but will still promote the production of antibodies is a(n) Antibiotic Antitoxin Antiserum Vaccine
Vaccine
What is the proper term for smallpox? rubella varicella variola herpes simplex
Variola
Vaccination with cowpox virus will produce an immunity to: rubeola rabies varicella variola
Variola Variola IS SMALL POX Varicella is CHICKEN POX
Which of these microbes is described as being "comma" shaped?
Vibrio cholera
What term is defined as the degree of the ability of a microorganism to cause disease? Infestation Infection Pathogenicity Virulence
Virulence
Which of the following requires living cells for growth?
Viruses
Pertussis is a disease that is commonly called
Whopping Cough
Where are spores formed? Between the cell wall and the cell membrane Within the cell mucleoplasm Outside the cell wall Within the cell cytoplasm
Within the cell cytoplasm
Which of the following is a quaternary ammonium compound?
Zephiran chloride Benzalkonium chloride
The autoclave usually generates a temperature of about 121 degrees F 200 degrees C 121 degrees C 100 degrees F
121 degrees C
