***Microbiology D

The type of immunity conferred after birth is called

Acquired

Vaccines bring about a type of immunity referred to as Active Passive

Active

Which of those listed below are obligate intracellular parasites? Chlamydia Rickettsia Viruses All of these

All

The inhibition of bacterial growth and reproduction without necessarily destroying the organisms is the result of

An antiseptic

Which of the following substances is most specific in antimicrobial action? a. antibodies b. antibiotics c. antigens d. antiseptics

Antibodies

The serum derived from an animal that has been immunized to an infectious disease and is used to confer immunity to others, including humans, is called A vaccine Antitoxin An antibiotic Antiserum

Antiserum

The serum derived from an animal that has been immunized to an infectious disease and is used to confer immunity to others. including humans, is called a vaccine antiserum antitoxin an antibiotic

Antiserum

Ultraviolet rays of sunlight are essential for bacterial metabolism are essential for bacterial reproduction are bacteriacidal are bacteriostatic

Are bactericidal

The type of immunity that results from the inoculation of a toxoid is Artificially acquired active Naturally acquired passive Artificially acquired passive Naturally acquired active

Artificially acquired active

Vibrio cholerae are bacteria responsible for the infection called Asiatic cholera infectious jaundice anthrax pertussis

Asiatic Cholera

A bacterium which has had its virulence reduced is said to be

Attenuated

An organism that can utilize inorganic matter as food is called Saprophytic Parasitic Autotropic Heterotropic

Autotrophic Bacteria that require organic compounds for nourishment are Heterotrophic

Those bacteria that may be capable of forming spores are called

Bacilli

Hemolysins and leucocidins are classified as Vaccines Antibodies Immune serums Bacterial toxins

Bacterial Toxins

What type of condition is produced by the application of an antiseptic? bacteriostatic aseptic bacteriocidal sterile

Bacteriostatic

What is a condition in which bacteria are found in the blood but not multiplying there? bacteremia septicemia sapremia toxemia

Bacterremia

Which of these is least effective in achieving a sterile environment?

Boiling

Many bacteria possess a thick colorless gelatinous outer covering called a capsule inclusive body spore nucleus

Capsule Increases virulence

Which is the following structures interfere most with phagocytosis? Granules Vacuoles Capsules Flagella

Capsules

Pueperal sespsis is commonly referred to as Whooping cough Blood poisoning Plague Childbed fever

Childbed Fever

Lymphogranuloma venereum is caused by a Chlamydia Bacteria Virus Spirochete

Chlamydia

Lymphogranuloma venereumis cause by a Spirochete Chlamydia Virus Bacteria

Chlamydia

The causative organism for Tetanus is from the Genus:

Clostridium

Which of the following organisms is an exotoxin producer?

Clostridium perfringes

Which of the following enzymes causes blood plasma to clot?

Coagulase

Those bacteria which are spherical in shape are called

Cocci

Septic sore throat is caused by a:

Coccus

Which of the following is an example of a fomite?

Coffee Cup

Which of these is primarily bacteriostatic in its action? (stops from reproducing)

Cold

The destruction of all pathogens and their products is termed The destruction of all microorganisms

Disinfection Sterilization Know difference between those two and antisepsis + bacteriostasis

Normal flora bacteria will cause which of the following types of infection?

Endogenous

Which of these is an example of pathogenic protozoa? Staphylococcus aureus Treponemapallidum Vibrio cholerae Entamoeba histolytica

Entamoeba histolytica

What type of substance is secreted by a living cell that can bring about chemical changes in another substance without undergoing any substantive change themselves?

Enzymes

__________ are poisonous substances produced by bacteria and released into the surrounding medium by the living cells.

Exotoxins

Those bacteria that prefer to live in the presence of free oxygen but can live in its absence arc called

Facultative Anaerobes

The disease known as puerperal sepsis occurs in the skin digestive tract female reproductive tract respiratory tract

Femoral Reproductive Tract

What infection spreads from one area of infection to set up other areas of infection in the body? Local Epidemic Focal Acute

Focal

Which of the following is caused by a member of the genus Staphlococcus? Staphylococcus Mycobacterium Streptococcus Treponema

Food Poisoning

Histoplasmosis and coccidiodomycosis are caused by

Fungi

In the name Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the first name is the

Genus

Which of the following is NOT a fungal infection? Aspergillosis Coccidioidomycosis Candida Giardiasis

Giardiasis

Which of the following is NOT a phenolic compound?

Glutaraldehyde

Which of the following is NOT a phenolic compound? Glutaraldehyde Phenol Carbolic acid Hexachlorophene

Glutaraldehyde

Bacteria that require organic compounds for nourishment are

Heterotrophic

Which of the following would most likely transmit typhoid fever as a mechanical vector? tick louse mosquito housefly

Housefly

Diplococci appear

In Pairs

Epidemic typhus fevers are transmitted by Mosquitoes Lice Ticks Flies

Lice

What type of bacteria grows best between temperatures of 30 degrees celsius and 40 degrees celsius? Cryophilic Mesophilic Psychrophilic Thermophilic

Mesophilic

The study of the smallest microscopic life forms is Bacteriology Protozoology Virology Microbiology

Microbiology

Molds are multicellular procaryotic spore fanners unicellular

Multicellular

Which organism is acid fast positive? Neisseria Mycobacterium Corynebacterium Salmonella

Mycobacterium

Which of the following organisms has a high lipid content of the cell wall? Treponema pallidum Mycobacterium tuberculosis Neisseria gonorrhea Francisella tularensis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The causative organism in primary atypical pneumonia is: Epstein-Barr virus Mycoplasma Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pyogenes

Mycoplasma

The type of immunity which is the result of placental transfer of antibodies is called Artificially acquired active Naturally acquired active Naturally acquired passive Artificially acquired passive

Naturally Acquired Passive

Ophthalmia neonatorum is an infection caused by a species of bacteria which is a member of the genus

Neisseria

The cytoplasm of the typical eucaryotic cell is separated from the nucleus by the Cell wall Cytoplasmic membrane Endospore Nuclear membrane

Nuclear Membrane

Which structure contains the material of inheritance? cell wall cell membrane ribosomes nucleic acid

Nucleic Acid

The prefix "staphylo" refers to an organism's tendency to

Occur in grape-like clusters

Silver nitrate prophylaxis was once used for the control of

Ophthalmia neonatorum

Microorganisms that produce disease only under favorable conditions are

Opportunists

Chlamydia psittaci causes

Parrot Fever

Refers to the ability of an organism to gain entry into the body and bring about an anatomical (structural) or physiological (functional) change or both, resulting in a change in the state of that person's health, disease Virulence Pathogenicity Infection Infestation

Pathogenicity

The advantage of using heat for the disinfection of materials over other forms of disinfection, like the use of chemicals, is that heat: penetrates throughout the materials None of these is less costly than chemicals is more readily available

Penetrates throughout the materials

Which of the chemical agents is described as a coal-tar derivative? phenol formaldehyde mercuric chloride ammonia

Phenol

Which of the following is used as a standard to measure the efficiency of chemical disinfectants? phenol alcohol formalin bichloride of mercury

Phenol

Bacteria are considered to be Procaryotic Fungicidal Inorganic Eucaryotic

Procaryotic

Malaria and amoebiasis are caused by yeast protozoa virus bacteria

Protozoa

Malaria is caused by a: Helminths Protozoa Viruses Molds

Protozoa

Which of the following is caused by Chlamydia? Psittacosis Scarlet Fever Tuberculosis Herpes Simplex Type II

Psittacosis

Which of the following is caused by rickettsia? Rabies Mumps Q fever Poliomyelitis

Q Fever

What disease is caused by Francisella tularensis?

Rabbit Fever

Streptococcus pyogenes is responsible for the infectious disease Pertussis Ophthalmia neonatorum Rheumatic fever Meningococcemia

Rheumatic Fever

The causative agent of typhus fever is a Rickettsia Bacterium Virus Fungus

Rickettsia

Which of the following diseases is not protected against by the MMR vaccine? German measles Measles Rocky Mountain Spotted fever Epidemic parotitis

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Epidemic Parotitis = MUMPS

Which of the following viruses is most likely transmitted from person to person by unsanitary injection procedures? Serum hepatitis Herpes simplex Poliomyelitis Measles

Serum Hepatitis

With what disease is Varicella Zoster identified?

Shingles

The word "streptococcus" describes

Spherical cells arranged in chains

Which of the following is capable of producing an enterotoxin that will cause food poisoning? Staphylococcus Mycobacterium Streptococcus Treponema

Staphylococcus

Which of the following organisms is capable of forming capsules when living as parasites? Neisseria gonorrhea Strepotococcus pneumoniae Mycobacterium tuberculosis Staphylococcus aureus

Strepotococcus pneumoniae

A virus is a

Strict parasite

Which one of the following diseases is caused by a spiral-shaped organism? Tetanus Chancroid Gonorrhea Syphilis

Syphilis Treponema Pallidum

What infection occurs as a late complication of another disease and is itself the actual cause of death? Sporadic Terminal Primary Endogenous

Terminal

Which of the following is NOT applicable to viruses? They contain either DNA or RNA but not both They are intracellular parasites They are autotrophic organisms They are sub-microscopic organisms

They are autotrophic organisms

What is the implication of sterilization?

To render an object free of all living organisms

Parrot fever is

Transmitted by air

Which of the following diseases may be caused by the organisms responsible for infection entering the body through the unbroken skin? Tetanus Syphilis Gonorrhea Tularemia

Tularemia

Mosquitos have been implicated in the transmission of which of the following types of Hepatitis? Types A and C Types A, B and C Type C only Types B and A

Type A, Type C A=Infectious Hepatitis C=Blood transfusion Hepatitis B=Serum Hepatitis (Bloodborne)

Which is NOT a viral disease? Epidemic parotitis Rubella Poliomyelitis Typhus fever

Typhus Fever (Causative Agent Rickettsia)

Which is NOT a viral disease?

Typhus Fever Causative Agent is Rickettsia (bacteria)

Protozoa may be classified as Unicellular Multicellular Acellular Procaryotic

Unicellular

The causative agent of a disease modified in such a manner that it will no longer cause the disease but will still promote the production of antibodies is a(n) Antibiotic Antitoxin Antiserum Vaccine

Vaccine

What is the proper term for smallpox? rubella varicella variola herpes simplex

Variola

Vaccination with cowpox virus will produce an immunity to: rubeola rabies varicella variola

Variola Variola IS SMALL POX Varicella is CHICKEN POX

Which of these microbes is described as being "comma" shaped?

Vibrio cholera

What term is defined as the degree of the ability of a microorganism to cause disease? Infestation Infection Pathogenicity Virulence

Virulence

Which of the following requires living cells for growth?

Viruses

Pertussis is a disease that is commonly called

Whopping Cough

Where are spores formed? Between the cell wall and the cell membrane Within the cell mucleoplasm Outside the cell wall Within the cell cytoplasm

Within the cell cytoplasm

Which of the following is a quaternary ammonium compound?

Zephiran chloride Benzalkonium chloride

The autoclave usually generates a temperature of about 121 degrees F 200 degrees C 121 degrees C 100 degrees F

121 degrees C