Microbiology Exam 1
During which stage will a person be seronegative?
Where disease begins (occurs)
What is a facultative anaerobe?
Will grow in the presence or the absence of oxygen
Herd immunity is reached when this percentage (minimum) of a population is immune to a disease:
85-95
A long term non-progressor is:
A person who is HIV (+), but will not develop AIDS
HiB vaccine
Conjugated vaccine
Which vaccine provides protection against whooping cough?
Acellular pertussis
Lactobacillus produces ___________ that prevents Candida from growing.
Acid
Which factor will not influence the numbers of normal flora?
All the above will influence the numbers of normal flora
Which statement is false?
An increase in bacteriocin concentration will allow Clostridium difficle to grow.
Candidiasis is treated with:
Anti-fungal drugs
Which one of the following is the most common way that candidiasis occurs?
Antibiotic induced
Drugs that are naturally produced by microbes, and can kill other microbes are called:
Antibiotics
Immunoglobulins are:
Antibodies
Vaccination/Immunization is intentional exposure to:
Antigens
Reversion to the virulent state is most likely to occur with type of vaccine, if the immunized individual has an immune deficiency.
Attenuated
When vancomycin is used to treat a Clostridium difficle infection the drug has an effect during this stage.
Binary Fission
This includes any process in which humans use the metabolism of living things to arrive at a desired product:
Biotechnology
Obligate halophiles grow best in this type of environment
High concentration of salt
The main public health agency in the U.S.A is the CDC. The complete name of this agency is:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
A sporicidal agent must be used to disinfect areas contaminated with this microbe.
Clostridium difficle
Fecal replacement therapy is used as a last resort to treat this disease:
Pseudomembranous colitis
Chickenpox.
Varicella Zoster virus
This microbe is the cause of Smallpox:
Variola
"Degree of pathogenicity" is the definition of this term?
Virulence
The study of resistance to disease, auto immunity, and hypersensitivity is known as:
Immunology
This microbe is not considered to be alive so it is referred to as being active or inactive.
Virus
Which microbe is not alive?
Virus
A UTI caused by an individual's normal flora is an example of a:
Endogenous infection
This is what is left if Clostridium difficle is exposed to oxygen
Endospore only
Bacteria are classified in this Domain
Eubacteria
A woman develops vaginal candidiasis by Direct Contact. This is an example of a________.
Exogenous infection
This recombinant product is used to treat hemophilia.
Factor VIII
An axenic animal has a limited number of normal flora.
False
What sign/symptom of Malaria cured the individual with Malaria therapy?
Fever
Mold would be classified in this Kingdom:
Fungi
Lactobacillus is normal flora in: (mark 3 letters):
GI Tract, Vagina, Mouth
9vHPV vaccine
Genetically engineered vaccine
The MMR vaccine provides protection from mumps, measles and __________.
German measles
Flagyl will block this step.
Germination
BSL-3
HIV
Which one of the following is an obligate intracellular parasite?
HIV
Vitamin K is given to newborns in America, because the babies:
Have low levels of E. coli in their G.I. tract
Vitamin K is given to newborns as a prophylaxis for this disease:
Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn
The microbe that causes malaria would be studied in the field of microbiology.
Protozoology
This recombinant product is used to treat diabetes.
Insulin
Which one of the following statements about Bifidobacterium is correct?
Its growth is favored by oligopolysaccharides in breast milk
Influenza vaccine
Kill/Inactive vaccine
This microbe is resistant to all antibiotics except vancomycin.
MRSA
The drug quinine was/is used as treatment for this disease:
Malaria
Which one of the following is not part of contact isolation protocol?
Mask
Before a vaccine was developed, Haemophilus influenzae type B was the leading cause of _____ in children under the age of 5
Meningitis
BSL-1
Nonpathogens
The Pneumococcal vaccine will provide protection against all the following except: (mark 2 letters)
Oral cancer, Influenza
This microbe is resistant to all antibiotics.
Pan resistant
Study of Algae
Phycology
Malaria
Plasmodium
Oligopolysaccharides in breast milk are:
Prebiotic
Bacteriocins protect against pseudomembranous colitis by:
Preventing germination
Live microbes taken as a preventative or therapeutic measure against potential pathogens are called:
Probiotics
Taking an antibiotic to prevent disease from occurring (such as when a person goes to the dentist), is known as:
Prophylaxis
Patients not completing their prescriptions, doctors prescribing antibiotics for viral infections, and animals being fed low doses of antibiotics has led to bacteria becoming __________ to drugs:
Resistant
This type of vaccination, which was used to eradicate a disease, results in a buffer of immune individuals to prevent the spread of disease?
Ring
If a person recovers from disease and has an anamnestic response the individual will test:
Seropositive
The World Health Organization has classified this disease as being naturally eradicated from the world.
Smallpox
E. coli 0157:H7 The word "coli" refers to the ____ type of the microbe.
Species
Which one of the following has been typed correctly using the binomial system of nomenclature?
Staphylococcus aureus
E. coli 0157:H7 "O157:H7" refers to the ____ type of the microbe.
Strain
Variations within a species is called a:
Strain
Acellular pertussis vaccine
Subunit vaccine
Salvarsan was made from arsenic. This drug was used to treat:
Syphilis
If a person is vaccinated and the vaccine doesn't take it means that:
The individual did not have an anamnestic response
An exception to Koch's postulates is made for Leprosy because:
The microbe cannot be grown in pure culture
A person is given drugs to treat TB and after 6 months is told to stop taking the drugs since resistance has developed. What does this mean?
The microbe is resistant to the drugs, so the drugs no longer work
This theory states that life arises from preexisting life.
Theory of Biogenesis
This theory is no longer accepted today:
Theory of Spontaneous generation
Tetanus vaccine
Toxoid vaccine
The cause of Syphilis is?
Treponema pallidum
Normal flora are needed to stimulate development of the immune system.
True
The uterus is normally sterile during the embryonic and fetal development.
True
We have more normal flora than we have our own cells.
True
This microbe is the cause of Cowpox:
Vaccinia
The brain becomes spongiform. This is a sign of:
Variant Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease
