microbiology exam 4 chapter 10-12
Which of the following types of organisms has a segmented exoskeleton and jointed appendages? A. Arthropod B. ciliate C. helminth D. protozoan
A. arthropod
bacteria which demonstrates positive results on gram staining under some conditions and negative under other circumstances are called ___________________.
Gram-variable
The genus ____________ is divided into the groups: typhus, scrub typhus, and spotted fever.
Rickettsia
which of the following groups of pathogens causes vulvovaginal infections? a. candida b. aspergillus c. histoplasma d. coccidioides
a. candida
which group of bacteria demonstrate the highest intrinsic antibiotic resistance to vancomycin? a. enterococci b. group A streptococci c. group B streptococci d. viridians group streptococci
a. enterococci
which disease causes lymphatic obstruction and the condition called elephantiasis? a. filariasis b. ehrlichiosis c. cysticercosis d. toxoplasmosis
a. filariasis
Chronic bone and bone marrow infections are most commonly caused by: a. staphylococcus aureus b. staphylococcus lugdunensis c. streptococcus pneumoniae d. streptococcus pyogenes
a. staphylococcus aureus
bacteria responsible for deep tissue absecesses are most likely _______________ in terms of oxygen requirements.
anaerobic
Sinonasal destruction and brain abscesses can occur in infections from species of ______________ mold.
aspergillus
Fluconazole and echinocandin are drugs in which general classification? a. antibacterial b. antifungal c. antimicrobial d. antiviral
b. antifungal
which of the following forms of reproduction is classified as sexual? a. budding b. conjugation c. mitotic fission d. schizogony
b. conjugation
necrotizing fasciitis is most often the result of a break in the skin allowing which of the following to gain access to deeper tissues and cause damage? a. enterococci b. group A streptococci c. group B streptococci d. viridians group streptococci
b. group A streptococci
which type of bacteria are characterized by their spherical, grape-cluster appearance? a. enterococci b. staphylococci c.streptococci d. viridans group
b. staphylococci
during reproductive budding of yeast cells, the parent cell procedures a protuberance called a _________________.
blastoconidium
thin-walled vesicles which easily rupture in cases of ______________ impetigo are considered less contagious than the alternative form of impetigo.
bullous
which fungal infection is transmitted by exposure to bat guano or bird droppings? a. aspergillosis b. coccidiomycosis c. histoplasmosis d. mucormycosis
c. histoplasmosis
which tropical infection is also known as guinea worm disease? a. chagas disease b. cysticercosis c. dengue fever d. dracunculiasis
d. drancunculiasis
which parasite disease is the most common in humans on a worldwide scale? a. babesiosis b. chikungunya c. dengue fever d. malaria
d. malaria
which pathogenic bacteria are most commonly responsible for acute pharyngitis and scarlet fever? a. staphylococcus aureus b. staphylococcus lugdunensis c. streptococcus pneumoniae d. streptococcus pyogenes
d. streptococcus pyogenes
Which form of dermatophytosis involves the feet? a. tinea barbae b. tinea capitis c. tinea manuum d. tinea pedis
d. tinea pedis
onychomycosis is a chronic condition also known as which of the following? a. tinea barbae b. tinea capitis c. tinea manuum d. tinea unguium
d. tinea unguium
East African Trypanosomiasis is also called river blindness and caused by microfilarial worms. TRUE OR FALSE?
false
Malaria is prevalent in developing countries and transmitted by the fecal-oral route where there is poor sanitation and contaminated drinking water. TRUE OR FALSE?
false
Streptococcus pyogenes produces the exfoliative toxin responsible for the loss of epidermal tissues in scalded skin syndrome. TRUE OR FALSE?
false
Sycosis barbae is an inflammation of the hair follicles of the scalp in children. TRUE OR FALSE?
false
bullous impetigo is also called impetigo contagiosa and is extremely transmissible by indirect contact. TRUE OR FALSE?
false
dengue fever is endemic in southern canadian and northern U.S. states and transmitted by deer ticks. TRUE OR FALSE?
false
fungal cell walls are composed of polysaccharides and chlorophyll. TRUE OR FALSE?
false
fungal pathogens infect both animals and humans but canot be transmitted between the species. TRUE OR FALSE?
false
histoplasmosis is the leading cause of cases or fungal meningitis. TRUE OR FALSE?
false
mosquitos were the vectors for the disease called bubonic plague which killed millions in the middle ages. TRUE OR FALSE?
false
staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis are difficult to distinguish from one another on lab culture because both appear as white growth colonies on agar plates. TRUE OR FALSE?
false
straphylococcus aureus has a cell envelope that contains protein M which is antigenic to protect against phagocytosis and enhances adherence to pharyngeal tissues. TRUE OR FALSE?
false
the only route of transmission of parasites which infect humans is through bites of arthropod vectors. TRUE OR FALSE?
false
thrush infections produce a cottage-cheese-like discharge of the vagina or penis and symptoms of itching and irritation. TRUE OR FALSE?
false
A thin, semi-rigid film called a pellicle surrounds a ___________ to give it a more defined shape than an amoeba.
flagellate
Mucormycosis and histoplasmosis are infections caused by types of _______________ organisms.
fungal
Mycology is the study of microscopic and macroscopic organisms called ____________________.
fungi
otitis media infections caused by streptococcus pneumoniae may require a surgical __________________ procedure and placement of small vent tubes.
myringotomy
A group of helminths which includes ascaris lumbricoides and the cause of intestinal obstruction due to the large numbers that reproduce in the GI tract are generally called ________________.
nematodes
single-celled eukaryotic microbes called _________________ are often responsible for parasitic infections in living hosts, including humans and animals.
protozoa
in a symbiotic relationship, a parasite termed a ________________ takes up residence inside a host and extract what it needs, sometimes resulting in harm or death of the host organism.
symbiont
The oral yeast infection candidiasis is also commonly called ______________.
thrush
Recent childbirth, use of wound packing materials, or menstrual tampons left in place for an extended time are risk factors for _____________________.
toxic shock syndrome
An Ascaris nematode can grow to 12 inches inside the human intestinal tract and have teeth that can chew through the intestinal mucosa to invade the abdominal cavity. TRUE OR FALSE?
true
Candida neoformans is the only species of yeast capable of producing a capsule. TRUE OR FALSE?
true
Candidemia is an opportunistic fungal infection rarely seen in healthy individuals. TRUE OR FALSE?
true
Nail salon workers should be required to have certification demonstrating competence in prevention of transmitting tinea unguium. TRUE OR FALSE?
true
Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is commonly seen in immunocompromised cancer patient with neutropenia and in diabetics with ketoacidosis. TRUE OR FALSE?
true
Streptococcus agalactiae is better known as group B streptococcus (GBS). TRUE OR FALSE?
true
endocarditis from artificial heart valve implantation with infection from S. epidermidis may not manifest clinical symptoms for up to one year following surgery. TRUE OR FALSE?
true
parasitic protozoa are capable of developing a protective cyst when environmental conditions are unfavorable. TRUE OR FALSE?
true
pregnant women are advised to avoid exposure to cat litterboxes due to the potential for transmission parasites that cause toxoplasmosis which can harm the developing fetus. TRUE OR FALSE?
true
premature and low-birth-weight babies are at elevated risk for invasive candidasis. TRUE OR FALSE?
true
researchers believe that up to 90% of the deaths in world war I soldiers infected with the 1918 influenza pandemic actually died of secondary S. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes infections. TRUE OR FALSE?
true
the mechanism of respiration used by most parasistic protozoa consists of facultative anaerobic processes. TRUE OR FALSE?
true
the most common pathogens responsible for intravascular catheter-related infections are coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) according to the CDC. TRUE OR FALSE?
true
the primary effect of infective endocarditis is valvular insufficiency followed by congestive heart failure and myocardial abscesses. TRUE OR FALSE?
true
the process of leavening in bread incorporates air bubbles for a lighter texture. TRUE OR FALSE?
true
the term infection pertains to the presence of endoparasites and infestation pertains to the presence of ectoparasites. TRUE OR FALSE?
true
