Microbiology

Endospore formation is characteristic of Bacillus anthracis Hemophilus influenzae Salmonella enteritidis Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Bacillus anthracis

Monilia is used synonymously with Histoplasma Candida Blastomyces Actinomyces

Candida

Oral and vaginal thrush are caused by Treponema pallidum Aspergillis negri Streptococcus aureus Candida albicans

Candida albicans

Gas gangrene and tissue gas is caused by Shigella dysenteriae Treponema pallidum Corynebacterium diptheriae Clostridium perfringens

Clostridium perfringens

Which of the following organisms is an exotoxin producer? Clostridium perfringes Treponema pallidum Staphlococcus aureus Neisseria gono"heae

Clostridium perfringes

With what disease is rubella identified? mumps German measles fever blisters chancres

German measles

Which of the following is NOT a fungal infection? Aspergillosis Coccidioidomycosis Candida Giardiasis

Giardiasis

Which of the following diseases is caused by contact with contaminated blood serum? Hepatitis type B Smallpox Hepatitis type A Mumps

Hepatitis type B

Which disease is NOT dermatrophic? Mumps Fever blisters Shingles Rubella

Mumps

Which organism is acid fast positive? Neisseria Mycobacterium Corynebacterium Salmonella

Mycobacterium

Which of the following organisms has a high lipid content of the cell wall? Treponema pallidum Mycobacterium tuberculosis Neisseria gonorrhea Francisella tularensis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The causative organism in primary atypical pneumonia is: Epstein-Barr virus Mycoplasma Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pyogenes

Mycoplasma

Ophthalmia neonatorum is an infection caused by a species of bacteria which is a member of the genus Mycobacterium Corynebacterium Treponema Neisseria

Neisseria

Which of the following is caused by rickettsia? rabies mumps Q fever poliomyelitis

Q fever

Which of the following diseases is not protected against by the MMR vaccine? German measles measles Rocky Mountain Spotted fever Epidemic parotitis

Rocky Mountain Spotted fever

Which of the following organisms is capable of forming capsules when living as parasites? Neisseria gonorrhea Strepotococcus pneumoniae Mycobacterium tuberculosis Staphylococcus aureus

Strepotococcus pneumoniae

What organism causes the condition of lobar pneumonia? Streptococcus pyogenes Streptococcus pneumoniae Treponema pallidum Neisseria gonorrheae

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Syphilis is an infection caused by Clostriudium perjringes Hemophilus ducreyi Treponema pallidum Streptococcus pyogenes

Treponema pallidum

The etiological agent and cause of chancre is? Neisseria gonorrhoea Francisella tularensis Treponema pallidum Mycobactreium tuberculosis

Treponema pallidum

Which of the following diseases may be caused by the organisms responsible for infection entering the body through the unbroken skin? Gonorrhea Tularemia Syphilis Tetanus

Tularemia

Mosquitos have been implicated in the transmission of which of the following types of Hepatitis? Type A Type B Type C a and c are the ones

a and c are the ones

Ringworm arises from a bacterial infection an allergic reaction a fungal infection protozoan infection

a fungal infection

What body cell is known to perform the process of phagocytosis? an erythrocyte a leukocyte a thrombocyte an antibody

a leukocyte

The size of bacteria is measured in a special unit called a micrometer an inch a millimeter a centimeter

a micrometer

The type of lesion most closely associated with tuberculosis is an abscess a boil a pseudo membrane a tubercle

a tubercle

Which of the following are mechanical body defenses? intact skin mucous membranes cilia all of the above

all of the above

Viruses have been found to be capable of infecting... man animals insects all of these

all of these

Which of the following is true of a carrier? may have never had the disease that is being carried may have had the disease and recovered exhibits no symptoms of the disease all of these

all of these

Which of those listed below are obligate intracellular parasites? chlamydia rickettsia viruses all of these

all of these

An association of two organisms that is detrimental to one is symbiosis antibiosis commensalism metabiosis

antibiosis

Which of the following substances is most specific in antimicrobial action? antibiotics antibodies antigens antiseptics

antibodies

The serum derived from an animal that has been immunized to an infectious disease and is used to confer immunity to others. including humans, is called a vaccine antitoxin an antibiotic antiserum

antiserum

Ultraviolet rays of sunlight are bacteriostatic are bacteriacidal are essential for bacterial reproduction are essential for bacterial metabolism

are bacteriacidal

The type of immunity that results from the inoculation of a toxoid is artificially acquired active naturally acquired passive artificially acquired passive naturally acquired active

artificially acquired active

Self digestion of tissue by enzymes of their own formation is called catalysis autolysis lipolysis hemolysis

autolysis

What is a condition in which bacteria are found in the blood but not multiplying there? septicemia toxemia bacteremia sapremia

bacteremia

What type of condition is produced by the application of an antiseptic? aseptic bacteriostatic sterile bacteriocidal

bacteriostatic

Bacteria usually reproduce by sexual reproduction nuclear fusion binary fission sporulation

binary fission

Which of these transmit disease by biting the host? mechanical fomites biological fomites mechanical vectors biological vectors

biological vectors

Toxemia, septicemia, and bacteremia are all associated with: bone food water blood

blood

Many bacteria possess a thick colorless gelatinous outer covering called a inclusive body capsule spore nucleus

capsule

Which is the following structures interfere most with phagocytosis? granules vacuoles capsules flagella

capsules

Pueperal sepsis is commonly referred to as whooping cough blood poisoning plague childbed fever

childbed fever

Lymphogranuloma venereumis cause by a bacteria virus chlamydia spirochete

chlamydia

What infection is one which has a relatively slow onset and long duration? focal mixed chronic acute

chronic

Which of these is primarily bacteriostatic in its action? steam under pressure cold free-flowing steam dry heat

cold

A visible mass of bacterial growth resulting from the reproduction of a single cell is a bacterial population mixed culture sarcinae colony

colony

The reduction of surface tension is significant in the disinfection process because it allows for the: use of a broader range of chemicals expenditure of more money in the disinfection process deeper penetration of the materials to be disinfected none of these

deeper penetration of the materials to be disinfected

What type of viral disease would cause lesions of the skin? viscerotropic neurotropic dermatropic adenotropic

dermatropic

The most common mode of transmission for tuberculosis is water genitourinary secretions soil droplet spray

droplet spray

Which of the following is a mode of direct disease transmission? mechanical vectors biological vectors contaminated formites droplet spray

droplet spray

Normal flora bacteria will cause which of the following types of infection? acute endogenous exogenous chronic

endogenous

What are poisonous substances produced by bacteria and released only when the bacterial cells die and disintegrate? endospores exotoxins endotoxins capsules

endotoxins

A communicable disease that attacks a large number of persons in a community at about the same time is termed endemic epidemic pandemic sporadic

epidemic

Those bacteria that prefer to live in the presence of free oxygen but can live in its absence arc called strict aerobes facultative aerobes facultative anaerobes strict anaerobes

facultative anaerobes

The process of passing a liquid through a material with pores so small that bacteria cannot pass through is filtration disinfection sedimentation sterilization

filtration

The structures that produce mobility for bacteria cells are the capsules pili spores flagella

flagella

Histoplasmosis and coccidiodomycosis are caused by bacteria fungi rickettsia chlamydia

fungi

An agent which destroys yeasts and molds is termed a/an viricide fungicide bactericide germicide

fungicide

In the name Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the first name is the order genus species class

genus

Which of the following would most likely transmit typhoid fever as a mechanical vector? louse houselfy tick mosquito

houselfy

Which of the following enzymes is often referred to as "the spreading factor"? coagulase hyaluronidase hemolysin ptyalin

hyaluronidase

Rabies is also called rhinitis coryza hydrophobia parotitis

hydrophobia

What control process is used to destroy something of no value? direct sunlight incineration freezing boiling

incineration

Infections caused by members of the genus Salmonella are primarily transmitted by ingestion insect transmission direct body contact droplet spray

ingestion

The type of immunity that is inherited is called acquired active innate passive

innate

The highest temperature at which growth for a species will take place is the minimum temperature optimum temperature maximum temperature thermal death point

maximum temperature

The lowest temperature at which growth for a species will take place is the maximum temperature optimum temperature minimum temperature thermal death point

minimum temperature

The portal of entry of Salmonella typhi is urinary tract mouth conjuctiva skin

mouth

Molds are multicellular procaryotic unicellular spore fanners

multicellular

A viral disease primarily of man is mumps rocky mountain spotted fever rabies psittacosis

mumps

The type of immunity which is the result of placental transfer of antibodies is called artificially acquired active naturally acquired active naturally acquired passive artificially acquired passive

naturally acquired passive

A disease not transmitted from one host to another is a contamination attenuated an infestation non-communicable

non-communicable

Those microorganisms that do not normally invade the body of the host to produce disease are normal flora toxigenic microorganisms infectious disease true pathogens

normal flora

Silver nitrate prophylaxis was once used for the control of epidemic meningitis ophthalmia neonatorum bacillary dysentery typhoid fever

ophthalmia neonatorum

The temperature at which a species of bacteria grows best is maximum temperature optimum temperature thermal death point minimum temperature

optimum temperature

Rickettsia grow only as thermophiles parasites saprophytes autotrophs

parasites

The advantage of using heat for the disinfection of materials over other forms of disinfection, like the use of chemicals, is that heat: penetrates throughout the materials is less costly than chemicals is more readily available None of these

penetrates throughout the materials

The process of ingestion of bacteria by leukocytes is phagocytosis symbiosis antibiosis diapedesis

phagocytosis

Which of the following is used as a standard to measure the efficacy of chemical disinfectants? formalin alcohol bichloride of mercury phenol

phenol

Congenital disease transmission occurs through the respiratory tract broken skin digestive system placenta

placenta

Bacteria are considered to be procaryotic fungicidal inorganic eucaryotic

procaryotic

What is an infection of the blood with actual growth and multiplication of pathogens in the blood? septicema toxemia bacteremia anemia

septicema

The same virus that causes the chickenpox will also cause a secondary infection in some individuals. This second infection is known as influenza variola shingles herpes

shingles

A communicable disease that occurs in a community only as an occasional case is termed epidemic pandemic sporadic endemic

sporadic

Those spore forming bacteria that currently contain spores are called autotrophic vegetative flagellates sporulating

sporulating

The destruction of all microorganisms and their products is termed bacteriostasis antisepsis disinfection sterilization

sterilization

Lack of resistance to a specific disease is called immunity susceptibility attenuation virulence

susceptibility

The relationship between two organisms in which neither can survive independent of the other is commensalistic symbiotic ammensalistic antagonistic

symbiotic

Which of the following is most likely to enter the body through the genitourinary tract? syphilis tularemia bubonic plague pneumonic plague

syphilis

What infection occurs as a late complication of another disease and is itself the actual cause of death? sporadic terminal primary endogenous

terminal

Spores are most likely to form when the bacteria has a plentiful food supply the bacteria is ready to reproduce the conditions for reproduction are not flavorable the cell involved is a spirilla

the conditions for reproduction are not flavorable

Which of these statements is descriptive of spirochetes? they are spiral-shaped microbes which move with a twisting axis they are rod-shaped microbes which have no mobility they are spiral-shaped microbes which move with a fixed axis they are spherical-shaped microbes which have pseudopodia for mobility

they are spiral-shaped microbes which move with a twisting axis

Clostridrium perfringens causes plague leprosy chickenpox tissue gas

tissue gas

Rabbit fever is the common name for the disease tularemia rabies plague rocky mountain spotted fever

tularemia

A bacterium which has a high degree of pathogenicity is said to be very attenuated virulent viscous susceptible

virulent

The disease known as "Ebola" is caused by which of the following types of organisms? bacteria fungus virus protozoa

virus

Pertussis is a disease that is commonly called whooping cough lockjaw mumps rabbit fever

whooping cough

Where are spores formed? between the cell wall and the cell membrane within the cell mucleoplasm outside the cell wall within the cell cytoplasm

within the cell cytoplasm

Which organism is known as the "true fungi"? bacteria yeasts chlamydiae rickettsiae

yeasts