Midterm 1
Match the description with the correct frame material so that all answers are used and no answer is used more than once: 1. ____ Is often used for temples because of its strength and flexibility. 2. ____ Extremely light in weight and will not rust. Can be made thin. 3. ____ Is lightweight and can be finished in a variety of colors. 4. ____ A synonym for nickel silver. 5. ____ Is whitish in color, pliable, resists corrosion, and accepts a high polish. 6. ____ Resists corrosion, malleable, accepts color well. a. Monel metal b. aluminum c. pure nickel d. titanium e. stainless steel f. German silver
1. e 2. d 3. b 4. f 5. a 6. c
Match the following meases types with the indicated temple style. 1. ____ Active people 2. ____ On-and-off wear 3. ____ Normal, everyday wear 4. ____ Jobs requiring unusual head positions 5. ____ Especially heavy frame a. straight back b. comfort cable or riding bow c. skull
1. b 2. a 3. c 4. b 5. b
Match the name of the frame with its description: 1. ____ Made especially for those needing a reading correction but no distance correction 2. ____ Secures the lenses in place with clips attached to a bar of tensile steel that fi ts into a slot on each side of the lenses 3. ____ Secures the lenses in place by means of a small string that goes around the lenses a. balgrip b. half-eyes c. semirimless d. nylon cord
1. b 2. a 3. d
Match the following titanium frame material classifi cations with the most appropriate answer: 1. ____ Shape memory alloy 2. ____ Certified 100% titanium 3. ____ Certified Beta titanium a. All major components at least 70% titanium by weight. No nickel. b. Combination of titanium and nickel. c. All major components at least 90% titanium by weight. No nickel. d. All titanium and no other metal present. e. All major components at least 70% titanium by weight and remainder nickel.
1. b 2. c 3. a
Matching 1. ____ A 2. ____ B 3. ____ ED 4. ____ GCD a. 2 × (longest radius) b. vertical boxing dimension c. A + DBL d. eye size e. C
1. d 2. b 3. a 4. c
Suppose the bent-down portion of one temple is bent down more than the other. The frames are placed on a table as in figure A above. a. When viewed in this way, the left and right pantoscopic angles will appear unequal even if they are not. b. When viewed in this way, the left and right pantoscopic angles will appear unequal. This is a sure indication that they really are unequal.
A
Which nosepad angle is best viewed from the top or bottom of the frame? a. Frontal b. Splay c. Vertical
B
If the top of the frame front touches the eyebrows, what is not a possible solution to the problem? a. choosing a different frame b. moving the adjustable nosepads farther away from the frame front c. increasing the pantoscopic angle d. All of the above are possible solutions to the problem.
D
An error in standard alignment where, when viewed from the front, one lens appears to be somewhat higher than the other, is called: a. X-ing. b. propeller effect. c. wraparound. d. lens out of coplanar alignment. e. skewed bridge.
E
With high plus lenses, should more or less eye makeup than average be used for an equal cosmetic effect compared with what would be worn without spectacle lenses?
Less because of the magnification effect of the lenses
Would the above GCD change if the lenses were decentered in 3 mm each?
No
What is the best way to reduce ring reflections in a high minus prescription?
Use antireflection coating
Match the name of the frame with its description: 1. ____ Commonly has a metal chassis and plastic top rims. 2. ____ Has two holes per lens and a metal reinforcing arm that follows the upper posterior surface of the lens. 3. ____ Holds the lenses in place only at their nasal edge. a. Balgrip b. Half-eyes c. Combination d. Semirimless e. Numont
1. c 2. d 3. e
Match the correct frame characteristics with the face shape. (There may be up to two correct answers for each.) 1. ____ Oblong 2. ____ Round 3. ____ Inverted triangular (base-up) 4. ____ Triangular (base-down) a. darker colors or bolder look b. narrow frame c. rimless d. deep frame e. low temple attachment f. high temple attachment
1. d, e 2. b, f 3. c 4. a
Match the description with the correct frame material: 1. ____ A frame material that is generally made into sheets and milled to make frames. 2. ____ A material of high flexibility that will maintain that flexibility when soaked overnight periodically. 3. ____ Frames from this material can be made thin and are lightweight. Frame colors are primarily opaque and some problems may be encountered with breakage in cold weather. 4. ____ Used primarily for sport or safety purposes. Does not adjust well. Does not work well for conventional eyeglasses. 5. ____ Frames made from these materials are made beginning with granules that are heated until liquid, then injection molded to the desired frame shape. 6. ____ A nylon-based material that can be made translucent, not just opaque. 7. ____ This material is made from a liquid resin and a hardener that are mixed together and drawn into the frame molds using a vacuum process. a. nylon b. carbon fiber c. polyamide d. Kevlar e. cellulose acetate f. polycarbonate g. propionate h. optyl
1. e 2. a 3. b 4. f 5. g 6. c 7. h
Of the lens materials listed, which material is most likely to break, crack, or develop stress splits at the mounting point when used for rimless drill mountings? a. CR-39 plastic b. Polycarbonate c. Trivex
A
On an adjustable pad bridge frame, the tops of the two nosepads should normally be closer together than the bottoms of the two nosepads. If this is not the situation, but instead the bottoms of the pads are closer together than the tops, which nosepad angle is off? a. Frontal b. Splay c. Vertical d. Cannot tell from the information given
A
The lower the frame bridge, the greater the effect of: a. shortening of the nose. b. lengthening of the nose.
A
What is the name used for an article that has no metal in it other than chemically pure gold? a. fine gold b. gold filled c. gold plated d. gold flash
A
When filing temples on a plastic frame, filing the metal piece (a part of the hinge) in the temple: a. is permissible. b. should be avoided because it decreases the holding power of the temples. c. never comes into question because the metal never comes back that far in the temple. d. none of the above.
A
An article made out of a metal other than gold and then covered with a gold alloy may be: a. fine gold. b. gold filled. c. gold plated. d. rolled gold. e. gold flash.
B, E
A frame marked 1/10 12k GF a. has 10% gold by weight. b. has a 12k solid gold bridge. c. has a l0k solid gold bridge. d. is 50% gold by weight. e. is 10% gold by volume.
C
A situation where the frame front is somewhat twisted, with the planes of the two lenses being out of line with one another, is called: a. twisting. b. a skewed bridge. c. X-ing. d. wraparound. e. none of the above
C
A frame is marked 52__18. The lens shape is round. What is the effective diameter of the lens? a. 70 mm b. 61 mm c. 58 mm d. 52 mm e. 18 mm
D
When viewing the wearer from the front, it is discovered that the frame sits too far to the wearer's right. What might be causing this? a. Both pads are too far to the wearer's left. b. Both pads are too far to the wearer's right. c. The wearer's nose is crooked. d. Both a and c are possible causes. e. Both b and c are possible causes.
D
Which of the following is not a possible cause of both lashes touching the lenses? a. not enough pantoscopic tilt b. base curves that are too flat c. adjustable nosepads that are positioned too close to the frame front d. adjustable nosepads that are too close together
D
Which of the following is not an important criterion in choosing a frame for a progressive addition lens wearer? a. a minimal vertex distance b. adequate pantoscopic tilt c. sufficient vertical depth in the nasal portion of the frame shape d. All of the above are important criterion when choosing a frame for a progressive addition lens wearer.
D
True or false? The wearer is looking straight ahead. If the dispenser views the glasses from the side and the nosepads are properly adjusted, the long axis of the pads should be perpendicular to the floor
True
If the frame is crooked with the right side higher than the left: a. bend the right temple down b. bend the right temple up
B
Of the lens materials listed, which material is least likely to break, crack, or develop stress splits at the mounting point when used for rimless drill mountings? a. CR-39 plastic b. Polycarbonate c. Trivex
C
The frontal angle is: a. the angle from which the front crest of the nose deviates from the vertical when viewed from the side. b. the angle from which the side of the nose deviates from the horizontal when viewed from above. c. the angle from which the side of the nose deviates from the vertical when viewed from straight ahead.
C
The larger the frame difference, the __________ the lens shape. a. rounder b. more squared off c. narrower d. wider (i.e., deeper)
C
The use of two pairs of pliers at one time is most likely to be of benefit with which type of frames? a. Cellulose acetate plastic b. Metal frames c. Rimless mountings d. There is no difference
C
What is the geometric center distance of a frame marked 52__17? a. 52 b. 60.5 c. 69 d. 72 e. equal to the person's PD
C
Which nosepad angle is most closely related to the pantoscopic angle? a. Frontal b. Splay c. Vertical
C
In fitting the base-up (inverted) triangular face, choose a frame that is: a. fairly heavy to add necessary emphasis to the upper facial area b. somewhat wider than normal c. a dark color d. medium to lightweight to be as unobtrusive as possible e. none of the above
D
If a frame's dimensions are A = 50 and C = 48, with a frame difference of 8, what is B? a. 58 mm b. 56 mm c. 52 mm d. 46 mm e. 42 mm
E
Of all the tools listed below, which could be a good choice for changing the temple-fold angle of plastic frames? a. cutting pliers b. a zyl file c. half-padded pliers d. square-round pliers e. finger-piece pliers
E
Which of the following may not be a cause of one lens being higher than the other? a. one earpiece being bent down considerably further than the other b. an upward bend in one of the temple shafts c. a skewed bridge d. one ear higher than the other e. nosepads spread too far
E
True or false? Narrowing the distance between adjustable nosepads causes the frame to sit higher on the face, and somewhat closer to the face.
False
True or false? When in doubt as to which frame weight to choose, select the heavier weight frame.
False
(Indicate which of the following are true and which are false.) A frame's inability to meet the flat surface touch test could be caused by: a. the lens not being all the way in the groove causing the endpiece not to be straight. b. broken or loose hinge rivets. c. a bend in the temple shaft. d. a bent hinge.
a. True b. True c. True d. True
Match the following terms: 1. ____ Optyl 2. ____ lorgnettes 3. ____ aluminum 4. ____ half-eyes 5. ____ "shell" 6. ____ convertible 7. ____ nylon cord 8. ____ Numont 9. ____ earpiece a. hand-held b. "zyl" c. reading d. curl e. only nasal f. anodized g. straight back h. has memory i. string mount
1. h 2. a 3. f 4. c 5. b 6. g 7. i 8. e 9. d
Which face shape most lends itself to wearing glasses? a. the wide face b. the long face c. the base-down triangular face d. the base-up triangular face e. the diamond face
C
Which type of temple curves around the ear following the crotch of the ear where ear and head meet, extending to the level of the earlobe? This type of temple is usually plastic, and is often used in children's and safety frames. a. library b. skull c. riding bow d. convertible
C
True or false? In standard alignment, the temple fold angle is not correct until both temples are parallel, even if the temples cross in the center of the frame.
False
(Indicate which of the following statements are true and which are false.) To decrease the temple spread for standard plastic frames, one could: a. heat the endpiece and press it against a flat surface. b. file the frame front. c. file the butt end of the temple where it contacts the endpiece. d. heat the endpiece and push on it with the thumb.
a. True b. False c. False d. True
Answer yes or no to each of the following: Is the geometric center distance the same as: a. the eye size plus the bridge size? (yes/no) b. the wearer's PD? (yes/no) c. the "frame PD"? (yes/no)
a. yes b. no c. yes
"Retroscopic tilt" is manifested: a. When the top of the frame front is closer to the wearer's face plane than the bottom of the frame front. b. When the bottom of the frame front is closer to the wearer's face plane than the top of the frame front. c. When one lens is closer to the wearer's face plane than the other lens. d. When one lens is higher on the wearer's face than the other lens.
A
A frame has the following dimensions: A = 51 B = 47 C = 49.5 DBL = 19 Seg drop (distance below the horizontal midline) = 4 mm What is the seg height? a. 19.5 mm b. 20 mm c. 21.5 mm d. 23.5 mm e. none of the above
A
A rotated lens can be detected: a. when checking horizontal alignment. b. when checking vertical alignment. c. when checking for four-point touch. d. when checking for equality of pantoscopic angle.
A
When deciding upon the upper frame line design, a. it is desirable to choose an upper eyewire line that follows the basic line of the eyebrow. b. it is best to choose an upper eyewire line that contrasts with the eyebrow line somewhat. c. the best design is one that starts below the eyebrow, crosses the eyebrow at the midpoint, and continues on above the eyebrow.
A
When remembering nosepad angles in a humorous way, which pad angle corresponds to the angle mimicked by a chicken flapping its wings? a. Frontal b. Splay c. Vertical
A
Which of the following is indicated and should be used when fitting the high minus lens wearer? a. rounded corners b. large lenses c. 40-degree V-bevels d. crown glass lenses e. excessive decentration
A
Which of the following would be examples of a frame appropriate for a wide face? a. a frame with a large difference between horizontal and vertical measurements b. a frame where the temples attach high on the frame c. a frame where the temples attach low on the frame d. a frame where the lenses are deep, covering a larger facial area
A, B
Identify the angle illustrated. \--- a. nasal angle b. vertical angle c. retroscopic angle d. frontal angle e. apical angle
B
If a bifocal wearer complains that the bifocal line is too high and the frame has adjustable nosepads, and if cosmetics will allow: a. decrease the distance between pads. b. increase the distance between pads.
B
In standard alignment, the distance of the face of the pad from the nasal eyewire of the frame is normally how many millimeters? a. 0 mm b. 1 mm c. 2 mm d. 2.5 mm e. 3 mm
B
Of the frame characteristics listed below, which is the least desirable for children? a. deeply grooved frame fronts b. nylon cord frame construction c. bridges that give support in the area of the lower portion of the nosepad d. spring temples
B
Pad adjusting pliers a. grip the pad arm behind the pad b. grip the face of the pad and the back of the pad
B
The temples of a frame do not open far enough. The dispenser standard aligning the frame does not know how wide the wearer's head is. Therefore, when putting the frame in standard alignment, it is not always a good idea to spread the temples to more than how many degrees? a. 85 degrees (with reference to the frame front). b. 90 degrees (with reference to the frame front). c. 95 degrees (with reference to the frame front). d. 100 degrees (with reference to the frame front). e. The degree spread is not important as long as both temples are spread equally.
B
The wearer has a previously broken, crooked nose. The new frame has an adjustable pad bridge. When the glasses are put on the wearer, the frame front sits too far to the wearer's left. (Any references to left or right in the responses below are from the wearer's point of view.) What should be done to correct the problem? a. Move both right and left pads to the right. b. Move both right and left pads to the left. c. Move the right pad to the right and the left pad to the left. d. Move the right pad to the left and the left pad to the right.
B
This follows the bridge of the nose smoothly, spreading the weight of the frame and using nose pads attached to the back of the bridge. a. keyhole bridge b. modified saddle bridge c. saddle bridge d. pad bridge e. none of the above
B
To check bridge size, lift the frame very slightly from the nose and move it to the left or right. There should be about ________ millimeter(s) of clearance between the nose and free side of the bridge. a. 0.5 b. 1.0 c. 1.5 d. 2.0
B
To increase the temple spread for standard plastic frames, one should first try to spread the temple by heating the endpiece and bending it outward. If this and all other measures fail, then it is possible to increase the temple spread by filing. To do this: a. file the frame front only. b. file the temple only. c. file both front and temple evenly. d. file temple first and then the front. But file the front only after reaching the metal piece in the temple.
B
Using an upsweep on either the upper or lower rim of a frame: a. always results in a surprised look and should be avoided. b. can add lift to a face that has begun to sag with age. c. brands the wearer as being out-of-date.
B
When checking for equality of pantoscopic angle in the standard alignment process, it is best to first place the glasses on the table which way? As in A (right side up) or B (upside down)? A. \--- B. /____ a. A, right side up b. B, upside down
B
When the frame front is tested for four-point touch, but only touches on the two temporal eyewires, the frame: a. is skewed. b. has face form. c. is out of coplanar alignment. d. has X-ing. e. none of the above.
B
Which is not a possible solution for the frame sitting too high on the face? a. increase the distance between adjustable nosepads b. move the vertical position of adjustable nosepads downward c. choose a different frame
B
Which of the following should be avoided when fitting a high minus wearer? a. a high index lens material b. squared-off corners c. aspheric lenses d. smaller eye size e. an antireflection coating
B
If the eyelashes rub the back surface of the lenses, the fitter should: a. spread the temples. b. raise the frame. c. increase the vertex distance. d. spread the nosepads.
C
If the wearer complains that the glasses feel snug, but still slip down the nose, one likely cause is that: a. the bridge size is too large. b. the bridge size is too small. c. too much pressure is being applied by the temple shafts on the sides of the head in front of the ears. d. too much pressure is being applied to the sides of the head behind the ears by the very tips of the temples; no pressure is being applied to the sides of the head in front of the ears.
C
One lens is closer to the wearer's face than the other. How could this be corrected? a. Increase the temple spread (bend the temple outward) on the side closest to the face. b. Increase the pantoscopic tilt on the side closest to the face. c. Decrease the temple spread (bend the temple inward) on the side closest to the face. d. Tighten the temple tension behind the ear on the side farthest from the face.
C
One should not use heat in adjusting a conventional plastic frame when: a. bending the endpieces. b. changing the bridge area. c. changing the pantoscopic angle. d. bending the temple earpiece. e. one should always use heat when adjusting a plastic frame.
C
The color of a frame with gold in it depends on: a. the quality of gold used. b. the quantity of gold used. c. the kind of metal used to make the alloy. d. the kind of base metal used in the frame. e. none of the above
C
Where should a four-point touch be checked on rimless spectacles? (Choose the best, single answer from the choices given.) a. below the nosepads on the backs of the lenses b. above the nosepads on the backs of the lenses c. both above and below the nosepads on the backs of the lenses d. at the level of the pad arm attachments on the fronts of the lenses e. at the level of the pad arm attachments on the backs of the lenses
C
Which nosepad angle disappears when the nosepads are round instead of elongated? a. Frontal b. Splay c. Vertical d. None of the nosepad angles disappear. e. With round pads, none of the nosepad angles matter.
C
Which of the following is not a good frame characteristic for a person having a high plus lens prescription? a. small lens size b. adjustable bridge c. library temples d. high index lenses e. as regular a lens shape as possible
C
It becomes evident that there are a great many frames on the board that are discontinued. Which of the following is least likely to be a contributing factor to this situation? a. All frames are automatically re-ordered when they have been sold from the board. b. Large numbers of frames are being purchased at low-cost special prices. c. Frames are being purchased from a large number of sources. d. Frame representatives have been allocated a given number of board spaces and come in on a regular basis to check on how their frame product is moving.
D
When one lens is farther forward than the other, the frame: a. has a skewed bridge. b. has too much face form. c. has X-ing. d. is out of coplanar alignment.
D
What gold classification(s) has/have no minimum requirement as to the total amount of gold used? a. fine gold b. solid gold c. gold filled d. gold plated e. gold flash
D, E
Safety frames must be marked with a. The manufacturer's name on both of the temples and the frame front. b. "Z80" or "Z80-2" on both of the temples and the frame front. c. "Z87" or "Z87-2" on both of the temples and the frame front. d. The manufacturer's name and "Z80" or "Z80-2" on both of the temples and the frame front. e. The manufacturer's name and "Z87" or "Z87-2" on both of the temples and the frame front.
E
The temples of a plastic frame, when fully opened, do not open wide enough. This problem may be corrected in one of several ways. Which is not a possible solution to this problem? a. The lens may not be completely inserted into the frame groove at the location of the endpiece. Heat the frame and insert the lens completely. b. Heat and bend the endpiece outward. c. File the butt end of the temple. d. Heat the butt end of the temple and bend the temple outward. e. Use a soldering iron or Hot Fingers unit and heat the hidden hinge so that it will sink deeper into the frame front.
E
When checking the four-point touch in a rimless mounting, it is found that the straight edge contacts the four proper points above the nosepads, but below the nosepads the straight edge only touches the left lens and not the right. What error has occurred? a. too much face form b. too little face form c. lenses out of coplanar alignment d. horizontal misalignment e. X-ing
E
True or false? All metal pad arms and pad bridges lend themselves to versatility in adjusting the nose pads.
False
True or false? Choosing the favorite or dominant color a person wears for their frame color should be avoided, since the color repetition calls too much attention to the glasses.
False
True or false? In the boxing system, the effective diameter is the diagonal of the box
False
True or false? It is safer to use hot salt to heat frames than hot air.
False
True or false? Rules for selecting a well-fitting, nice looking frame change dramatically when selecting safety eyewear.
False
True or false? Strap bridges are a replacement for adjustable nosepads. They help increase the weight-bearing area. Unfortunately, they are not adjustable like the pads they replace.
False
True or false? When buying frames for the office, one of the fastest and best ways to select appropriate frames is for the staff to try them on.
False
True or false? When changing temple spread on metal frames, a method that would never work is to push the outside of the endpiece against a flat surface.
False
True or false? Individuals with salt-and-pepper hair, or hair that is just starting to gray will find that choosing a silver frame will make the "salt" component of their salt-and-pepper hair more noticeable and should be routinely avoided.
False (The color will draw attention to the "salt" component, but should not necessarily be avoided. It depends upon the preference of the wearer.)
When part of the lower, nasal portion of a lens shape is removed to allow for a better fit, it is called a ________________________.
Nasal cut
List at least four characteristics of frames that you could choose to keep the frame of a high plus lens wearer from sliding down the nose.
Solid construction, adjustable nosepads, comfort cable temples, light frame, small lens size, small ED
True or false? "Truing" means the same thing as "standard alignment."
True
True or false? A lighter-colored, more delicately styled frame is recommended for the person with light, fine hair.
True
True or false? Most pad adjustments may be done in two movements. The first move makes the change; the second move completes the change and restores the proper pad angle.
True
True or false? The angle that the temple forms, when fully opened, in relationship to the front of the frame is called "let-back."
True
True or false? The frame difference for a frame with a circular lens shape is always zero.
True
