Midterm

Vertical lines seem to be most suitable for portraying which of the following subject matter.

A group portrait of the members of a Police Department.

The ancient Greeks designed the Parthenon according to the idealized rules of proportion for the human body, creating ________ design.

A harmonious.

An empty space defined by its surround is known as ________ shape.

A negative.

When we touch an object we experience a tactile sensation that artists refer to as ________ texture.

Actual.

When using a series of squares that are exactly the same shape, implied depth can be achieved by ________.

All of these answers Answers Alternating value Relative size Overlapping Relative position

The sphere that designer Saul Bass created for the AT&T logo is not defined by a continuous boundary. This type of shape, which can be suggested by dots or lines that do not connect, is termed ________ shape.

An implied.

________ volume is a space that is enclosed by materials that are not entirely solid.

An open.

Colors that do not contrast strongly with each other, and which are similar in wavelength, are ________ colors.

Analogous.

Disney's Finding Nemo is an example of a series of computer-generated images played in rapid succession. This medium is called ________.

Animation.

If an artist painted a street scene with one large building on the left-hand side, and two smaller buildings on the right-hand side, this would be an example of ________ balance.

Asymmetrical.

________ balance is achieved when two halves of a composition are not mirror images of each other.

Asymmetrical.

When objects are far away they lack contrast, detail, and sharpness of focus because of the interference of air. Artists take advantage of this when they use the process called:

Atmospheric perspective.

The Nazis' Degenerate Art Exhibition contained work that ______.

Attracted a large number of visitors.

Creating visual weight and counterweight is part of an artist's use of the element of ________ in creating a work of art.

Balance.

This type of relief, which takes its name from the French word for low, does not imply great depth.

Bas-relief.

The French artist Pierre-Paul Prud'hon created chiaroscuro by using ________ chalk on paper.

Black and white.

Which color combination is analogous?

Blue, blue-green and green.

Most commercial color printing is achieved using four separate colors, represented by the matrix ________.

CMYK.

This method of applying value to a two-dimensional artwork in order to create the illusion of three-dimensional solid form is called ________.

Chiaroscuro.

An artist can use color to indicate depth. When a color is very pure and intense then it seems to be ________.

Closer.

This is the most vivid element of art and design.

Color.

Colors that are on opposite sides of the color wheel are radically different in wavelength and are called ________.

Complementary colors.

The three kinds of unity are:

Compositional, conceptual, gestalt.

Disparate visual elements can be linked together with a common idea. This is ________ unity.

Conceptual.

Shepard Fairey uses which of the following concepts as a strong component of his graphically painted images.

Contrasting negative and positive shape.

Traditionally, artists in China learned their craft by ______.

Copying the work of a great master.

In order to create value in his drawing Head of a Satyr, Michelangelo used both hatching and ________, a variation where the lines overlap, allowing for the depiction of darker tones.

Cross-hatching.

The medieval Arabic scholar Alhazen used a camera obscura, a device that later helped artists to understand the basic tenets of linear perspective. Camera obscura is a Latin phrase. What is the closest English translation?

Dark room.

Artists can create a sense of ________ by using light and dark values.

Depth.

An artist would probably use distorted scale if he or she wanted to create a lifelike scene that the viewer could relate to.

False.

High relief projects out from the background fairly significantly where as facade relief is a kind of relief that only sticks out a tiny little bit.

False.

If Alexander Calder's Untitled mobile was powered by a small motor, rather than air currents, it would not be an example of actual motion.

False.

Photographers cannot be responsible for principles of scale or proportion in their photographs.

False.

The element of art that most effectively describes the solidity of form of the Olmec heads (p. 433-434) is the concept of volume.

False.

The elements of time and motion are not applicable to the art of photography.

False.

To imply greater depth, the sculptor who created the relief carvings on the outside of the Ara Pacis Augustae carved the figures in the ________ more deeply than those that are in the background, in order to make them stand out more.

Foreground.

If an artist were to draw a figure whose arm was pointing directly toward the viewer, what technique would the artist have to use when drawing the outstretched arm?

Foreshortening.

A two-dimensional object is called a shape, and a three-dimensional object is known as a ________.

Form.

Joseph Cornell created boxes that contain compositions of ________ objects.

Found.

Forms such as pyramids, which tend to be precise and regular, are known as ________ forms.

Geometric.

It is still not fully understood how the ancient Egyptians created such huge feats of engineering. The ________ form of the pyramids contrasts with the surrounding organic landscape, and shows the Egyptians' power and control over the natural world around them.

Geometric.

The German word that refers to something in which the whole seems greater than the sum of its parts is ________.

Gestalt.

Romare Bearden's work The Dove uses an underlying ________ reflecting the city streets to create a sense of order.

Grid.

The process of using a series of parallel lines set close to one another to differentiate planes of value in a work of art is called ________.

Hatching.

The chiaroscuro method uses five defined values: cast shadow, reflected light, core shadow, light, and ________.

Highlight.

Which of the listed concepts seems most suitable for creating a calm, restful or placid quality?

Horizontal lines.

If vertical lines communicate strength, horizontals calm, and diagonals action, then a vacation resort might want to choose a logo consisting of ________ lines in order to show peaceful repose.

Horizontal.

The term used for referring to the basic colors of the spectrum is ________.

Hue.

Variety can ________ a design.

Invigorate.

This system, which derives its name from the Greek meaning "equal measure," uses diagonal parallel lines to communicate depth.

Isometric perspective.

The computer simulation game Transistor (below) uses ________ perspective.

Isometric.

Stolen art loses much of its value because ______

Lacking good title and proper provenance prevents its resale.

Advertisers often use this color to reach their audience because it is the most visible in the spectrum.

Lime yellow.

This is the system for creating an illusion of depth using three basic components: horizon line, vanishing point, and convergence lines.

Linear perspective.

A color that is almost gray has a ________ saturation.

Low.

Tibetan Buddhist monks create colored sand images with a radial design. This representation of the universe is called a ________.

Mandala.

A sculpture designed in the round can be viewed from ________.

Nearly every angle.

A Summer Shower by the British artist Edith Hayllar employs linear perspective to create depth. The painting contains imaginary sightlines that converge toward a single vanishing point. These lines are also called ________.

Orthogonals.

The French artist Georges Seurat employed a new technique to create a jewel-like diffusion of light and vibration of color in his work The Circus. This type of painting, made up of small dots of color, is known as ________.

Pointillism.

During his lifetime, Vincent van Gogh ______.

Practiced as an artist for only ten years.

This object can be used to separate white light into the colors of the spectrum.

Prism.

________ balance is achieved when all elements in a work of art are equidistant from a central point and repeat in a symmetrical way from side to side and top to bottom.

Radial.

If you were to design an eye-catching poster using only two colors, the combination that would most stand out to passersby would be ________.

Red and green.

The traditional primary colors are ________.

Red, yellow, blue.

One method used to establish depth in Katsushika Hokusai's famous image The Great Wave Off Shore at Kanagawa (seen below) involves placing shapes higher or lower on the page. This process for creating depth is called ________.

Relative position.

A three-dimensional surface that is designed to be viewed from only one direction is known as a ________.

Relief.

The Italian Futurist artist Giacomo Balla illustrated the rapid movement of a dog running on a leash by painting a series of ________ in order to give the impression that we are seeing motion as it happens.

Repeating marks.

If a figure in an artwork has drapery billowing out behind it, and appears to have multiple feet in different positions, the viewer might assume that this figure is ________.

Running forwards.

Western artists since the Renaissance have usually considered ______ to be the highest forms of art.

Sculpture and painting.

Detective movies of the 1940s were filmed in such dark tones they were referred to as film noir. Filmmakers chose these dark values to enhance the ________ mood of the movies.

Serious.

A color that is lighter than its basic hue is known as a tint. A color that is darker than its basic hue is called a ________.

Shade.

The kind of motion that is created by showing a series of static images in quick succession is called ________.

Stroboscopic motion.

When ________ colors are mixed, they make a duller and darker color because more of the visible spectrum is absorbed.

Subtractive.

By using ________ texture to contradict previous tactile experience, artists can invite viewers to reconsider the world around them.

Subversive.

________ balance is achieved when both sides of a composition look exactly the same.

Symmetrical.

Color ________ can be relative to the other colors nearby. For example, violet can be warm if we see it next to a hot color like red, or cool if we see it next to a colder color like blue.

Temperature.

When an artist creates a work that deceives our eyes into believing there is motion as time passes, this is called ________.

The illusion of motion.

James McNeil Whistler's painting Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket is a vehicle for expressing the artist's thoughts about ______.

The intrinsic value of art.

Hokusai is said to have used a live chicken's footprints in a painting that communicated ______.

The sensations of a fall day by the river.

What emotional and psychological responses are typical to someone is exposed to red or red light for extended periods?

They become aggressive. They want to eat.

This inventor co-created the film Fred Ott's Sneeze, which was one of the first American movies.

Thomas Edison.

Hatching and cross-hatching use two-dimensional lines to communicate ________ depth.

Three-dimensional.

These four visual elements of art—form, volume, mass, and texture—are present in ________ works of art.

Three-dimensional.

Traditional visual arts, such as painting, are inherently static, but artists have always found inventive ways of conveying the elements of ________ and ________.

Time . . . motion.

African masks displayed in museums were originally made ______.

To be worn during spiritual or magic ceremonies.

Because a form exists in "real" space we can experience it not only visually, but also through the sense of ________.

Touch.

Implied lines can be created with dots, dashes or even letters lined up in a row to give the impression of continuous lines.

True.

What element describes the imposition of order and harmony on a design?

Unity.

The element of art that describes the relative lightness or darkness of a hue, compared to another hue, is known as ________.

Value.

The lightness or darkness of a surface is the element of art called ________.

Value.

One-point perspective does convey depth, but it has limited applications due to its reliance on a single ________.

Vanishing point.

Compositional unity strikes an interesting balance between the monotony of too much similarity, and the chaos of too much ________ in a work of art.

Variety.

When complementary colors are used next to each other in a composition, they produce a visual anomaly called simultaneous contrast. This visual effect makes the colors appear to ________ along the boundary where the two colors meet.

Vibrate.

The element of art that defines the amount of space occupied by an object is ________.

Volume.

What element of art is most appropriate for describing the empty space within an interior of an architectural form.

Volume.

Frank Gehry's Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain, and Louise Bourgeois's sculpture Maman (spider-like form) exemplify many of the ideas of the 3-d chapter. Identify and discuss two elements or principles that seem relevant to either the architect's or sculptor's work depicted in the included image (previously viewed in the chapter).How have these artistic devices been employed, and what effect do they have on the viewer? Write 6-10+ sentence essay to discuss these 3-d elements employed by the artists.

With both Bourgeois's and Gehry's work, both show 3D artwork. Especially in Bourgeois's sculpture "Maman", the spider itself looks like it obtains some sort of texture. Whether you think a spider may feel rough or not the most pleasant thing to touch, "Maman" represents the sculpture as exactly that. Both artists work also have some sort of form. Whenever you look at their work, it's not just a flat picture. Their artwork has form and can be seen at different angles and can be interpreted at different view points.

Art is sometimes censored by the authorities because:

all of the above Answers: it offends people's religious beliefs its sexual content seems pornographic it carries a political message that worries the authorities its moral values seem improper

Line can be use for which of the following?

all of the above create surface quality suggest direction describe boundaries imply movement

Line can define space by _____________.

all of the above creating texture indicating the edge of a 2-d shape or 3-d form creating value

The Turkish soldiers in Delacroix's painting The Massacre at Chios are shown wearing turbans because the artist wanted ______.

the Turks to seem exotic and frightening.