Midterm Review

If you were a manager, would you try to increase employees' performance by increasing satisfaction a. Yes, because a more satisfied worker is a more productive worker b. No, because job satisfaction is not a major influence on job performance c. Yes, but only for new workers d. No, because the cost of satisfying workers outweighs the benefits of higher performance e. Yes, but once workers were satisfied, I would stop trying to satisfy them

B

Recently the managers at practitum unlimited, a firm that develops educational materials, redesigned its jobs, established new reporting and authority relationships, and grouped jobs into different departments. Which managerial function did they perform? a. planning b. organizing c.leading d. controlling e.decision making

B

Which of the following are you least likely to see in modern organizations a. flat, flexible structures b. power centralized at the top c. wide spans of management d. fewer rules and regulations e. increased teamwork

B

Employees outside the dominant group tend to a. be relatively nonsense b. pay less attention to diversity than do employees in the dominant group c. miss out on the informal communication that occurs in organizations d. share the values and beliefs of the dominant group e. generate most of the formal communication in the organization

C

What is one solution to the problem of women feeling excluded from informal follow-up discussions after formal meetings a. hold the discussions over drinks at a bar b. have the discussions at an exclusive golf club c. bring refreshments into the meeting rooms after the meeting d. avoid conversations in rooms with glass ceilings e. minimize the number of formal meetings

C

Which of the following best illustrates the situational perspective of management? a. science can determine the "one best way" to manage under any conditions b.management principles are universal and therefore apply in all situations c.The appropriate way to manage depends on the nature of the particular situations d.simple cause-and-effect linkages between two variables are common e.a manager can easily fix a problem in one situation with a solution that has worked in another situation.

C

Which is not a way to rightsize an organization? a. downsizing b. outsourcing c.expansion d.eliminating an entire division or business e retaining the full number of employees during economic slowdowns

E

A company becomes multicultural once it establishes operations in more than one country

F

A precise person-job fit is easy to achieve if care is given in the hiring process

F

A stereotype is a judgement about others that reinforces beliefs about superiority and inferiority

F

As older employees are exiting the workforce earlier, the average age of the workforce is getting younger

F

Conflict that divides employee along cultural lines can stimulate creativity in problem solving

F

Employers and employees must sign the psychological contract before work begins

F

Fortunately, the "glass ceiling" has all but been eliminated in the US

F

Managers should avoid hiring people with any disability because the disability will affect virtually every aspect of their performance

F

Minority groups typically understand organizational communications better than dominate groups do

F

The "big five" personality trait that refers to a person's comfort level with relationships is called aggreableness

F

The behavior within a company is likely to be very consistent, regardless of the number of countries in which the company operates

F

The currently recommended approach to diversity in the US workforce is assimilation

F

The final stage of the general adaptation syndrome regarding stress is alarm

F

When a manager achieves "selective perception", she or he can recall all dimensions of an employee's performance

F

White males are projected to increase as a percentage of the total workforce in upcoming years

F

Workforce diversity is an issue for companies in the United States, but not for companies in Europe

F

Attitudes can be measured at the group level

False

Frederick Taylor developed ways for employees to work at a pace slower than their capabilities

False

Hawthorne studies identified a strong relationship between lighting and employee productivity

False

Jack manages a group of software programmers and is an excellent programmer himself. From this you know Jack has strong conceptual skills.

False

Managers who are interested in successfully achieving company goals should focus primarily on individual-level outcomes

False

Scientific management developed in the early 1900's, is no longer used today

False

Sociologist Max Weber described "bureaucracies" as inefficient, inflexible organizations

False

A diverse workforce helps companies benefit from the increased buying power of minority markets

T

A person with high positive affectivity can be in a temporary bad mood if he or she just received very bad news

T

A pluralistic company involves all people who differ from the dominant group

T

Allowing minority groups to express their cultural identity can help dominant-group members to better understand them

T

An organization usually incurs costs when a productive employee quits

T

Attitudes have affective, cognitive, and intentional components

T

Companies on the "100 Best" list of publications such as Business Ethics had significantly higher financial performance than did comparable firms not on the list

T

Emotionally intelligent people can motivate themselves

T

If John believes he can control his own destiny, he has an internal locus of control.

T

In exchange for employees' contributions, the organization offers inducements

T

Once a creative solution is identified, it should be verified

T

Performance behaviors can be both easily defined and measured, and diverse and difficult to assess

T

Someone with a high degree of Machiavellianism enjoys manipulating others

T

Type A individuals are more competitive than Type B individuals

T

organizations are moving into the international realm to control costs, especially labor costs

T

One of the main issues surrounding outsourcing is whether the net number of domestic jobs is decreased

True

Performance is a broader outcome than productivity

True

Southwest Airlines claims its most significant advantages come from its employees

True

The human relations movement supported the idea that a satisfied employee will work harder than an unsatisfied employee

True

All of the following the following are dimensions of emotional intelligence except a. self-awareness b. managing emotions c. empathy d. self-efficacy e. social skills

d

Procter & Gamble's recent efforts to increase diversity in its workforce have focused on hiring and promoting a. women b. minorities c. younger employees d.older employees e. highly educated employees

A

Productivity is defined as a. the number of products or services created per unit of input b. power centralized at the top c. wide spans of management d. fewer rules and regulations e. increased teamwork

A

Scientific management predicts that each individual will produce as much as possible to increase personal income, but the Hawthorne researchers discovered a. the work group as a whole may establish acceptable levels of output b.employees work only as hard as their supervisors c. employees' efforts decline over the course of the five-day workweek d.employees efforts increase over the course of the five-day workweek e. managers produce as much as possible, but to satisfy their egos rather than earn more income

A

The future workforce is projected to include an increased proportion of all of the following segments except a. white males b. hispanics c. asian women d. blacks e. white females

A

the president of a university regularly attends graduation ceremonies, but her role there is not to plan, organize, lead, or control. Rather in handing out diplomas, she is acting as a a. figurehead b.resource allocator c. disseminator d.monitor e.decision maker

A

Carlos is planning a special hispanic social event for his company since many employees are latin american. what outcome should carlos expect? a. The minority employees will share part of themselves with the dominant group b. The dominant group will understand the minority employees less than before c. The event will limit the usefulness of mentoring programs d. The event alone will create a multicultural organization e. The minority employees will feel even more removed from the dominant group

A

The primary difference between scientific management and classical organization theory is that a. scientific management focuses on profits rather than losses b.scientific management emphasizes individual efficiency rather than organizational efficiency c.scientific management was developed outside rather than within the US d.scientific management is a more recent approach e.scientific management failed rather than succeeded

B

Why are prejudicial views so counterproductive for managers? a. The organization's workforce may become too diverse b. distinctive individual talents may be overlooked c. competitors may imitate the company's strengths d. demand for the company's product or service may outpace supply

B

If you were hiring a new manager to help you see the "big picture" of how your organization might become more effective, you would consider applicants with strong a. technical skills b. interpersonal skills c. conceptual skills d.diagnostic skills e. decision-making skills

C

Profitability is generally assessed only at which level? a. individual b. industry c. organization d. group e. team

C

The most striking trend in international business is a. the absence of small companies b.spanish as the new language of business c. growth d. tax shelters e. the elimination of labor costs

C

All of these primary dimensions of diversity except a. age b.gender c. race d. marital status e. physical disability

D

Early Writers suggested all of the following as ways to improve management practices except a. improve working conditions b. become more democratic in dealing with employees c. accommodate employee needs d. adjust lighting to enhance employee interaction e.use psychology to understand employee motivation

D

Jim is a manager who is taking a class in organizational behavior. Jim will likely learn about all of the following in his class except a. human behavior in org. settings b. some employees' decision to leave a company while others decide to stay c.the interface between human behavior and the org. d. competition and how it affects the stock prices of publicly held firms e. organizations themselves

D

The employees Joan supervises include members of almost every culture and nationality in Europe. If Joan were to follow the current view of workforce diversity she would a. try to assimilate those who are different into a single organizational culture b. create a "melting pot" atmosphere to blend and eliminate differences c. divide the workforce into smaller groups so people could wok with others like themselves d. celebrate the differences and utilize the variety of talents and perspectives e. change hiring and promotion patterns to limit future excessive diversity

D

What effect does the Americans with Disabilities Act have on employers a. employers are prohibited from hiring people with severe disabilities b. employers must promote people with disabilities at a preset rate c. physically challenged employees must be paid at a higher rate to compensate for their disability d. employers must make reasonable accommodations in the workplace to assist people with disabilities e. employers cannot discriminate against a physically challenged person unless that person is also mentally challenged

D

Which of the following is not a trend that has increased diversity in the workforce? a. evolution of the job market, such as economic downturns b. increased buying power of minorities c.Expansion into global markets d. increased legislation mandating diversity e. consolidation of duplicate efforts from operations around the world

D

At Quicktire, Inc., managers have determined the most efficient method for installing customers' tires. Employees are required to follow these methods and are paid based on the number of tires they install each day. Quicktire's technique is similar to which of these management approaches? a. Bureaucracy b.System 4 Management c.Unionization d.Soldiering e. Scientific management

E

Given the increasing average age of employees, managers should be prepared for all of the following except a. changed benefit packages b. additional and special training c. adjustments in physical facilities d. increased unscheduled days off for primary care giving e. increased unionization of older employees

E

How would you know whether your organization has achieved full structural integration? a. your organization hires members of every available ethnic group b.your organization takes steps to fully involve all people who differ from the dominant group c. your organization makes reasonable accomodations for people with disabilities d. your organization has operations in many countries e. your organization has minority-group members serving at all levels

E

One basic premise of the human relations movement was that a. theory x management is more effective than theory y management b."chiseling" and "rate busting" are unavoidable facts of work life. c. singling out workers for special treatment may actually decrease productivity d. most employees work better alone than in groups e. a satisfied employee will work harder than an unsatisfied employee

E

Organizational behavior concepts apply a. in domestic but not international companies b. in large but not small companies c. in growing but not stable companies d. in for-profit but not nonprofit organizations e. in virtually all organizations

E

"Universal" models suggest that certain management solutions will work in all situations

True

An example of the controlling function is monitoring the actions of employees

True

Attempting to positively influence outcomes at the individual level can negatively influence outcomes at the organization level

True

Katie focuses on a few goals at once and systematically and carefully pursues those goals. Katie is also very organized. Which personality trait best describes Katie? a. High agreeableness b. High conscientiousness c. Low introversion d. High openness e. Low negative emotionality

a

Tesi is a relatively upbeat and optimistic employee. She has an overall sense of well-being and usually sees things in a positive light. Which of the following best describes Tesi? a. Positive affectivity b. Self-esteem c. Conscientiousness d. Machiavellianism e. Extroversion

a

A key competitor just introduced a product that may make Carlos' business obsolete. What state of the general adaptation syndrome is Carlos likely to experience first? a. Resistance b. Alarm c. Exhaustion d. Stress e. Stressor

b

Erik has been under high stress in his job for the last three years. recently Erik has been putting in longer hours but getting less done. He dreads going to work and feels mentally and physically exhausted. Erik is experiencing a. an external locus of control b. burnout c. low conscientiousness d. resistance e. alarm

b

Jeff doesn't feel especially worthwhile or deserving. Which of the following can Jeff's manager expect from him? a. Jeff will be relatively calm and resilient b. Jeff will derive great intrinsic satisfaction from his accomplishments c. Jeff will avoid extrinsic rewards d. Jeff will be content to remain in a lower-level job e. Jeff will be confident of his ability

b

Laurie believes that if she works hard, she will be successful. Whitney believes that no matter how hard she works, her ultimate success is beyond her power. Laurie and Whitney differ in their a. conscientiousness b. locus of control c. negative emotionality d. extroversion e. authoritarianian

b

Linda manages sales teams Asia and the Middle East. Which of the following is most likely the case? a.Linda's employees in the two regions are likely to have the same attitudes b. Linda will behave differently based on the cultures of the two regions c. The structures of Linda's team in the two regions will be very different d. The diversity between the Asian and Middle Eastern teams will reduce the organization's effectiveness e. the cultures of the two regions are irrelevant since both teams belong to the same organization

b

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a popular questionnaire. What is the best use of the MBTI? a. Developing struggling managers b. Determining communication styles and interaction preferences c. Assessing personality attributes d. Identifying outstanding performers e. Understanding consumer behavior

b

Brandon expects to work 45 hours a week for his salary. He also believes he works hard, he'll have a good chance of being promoted. This overall set of expectations represents Brandon's a. contributions b. inducements c. psychological contract d. organizational behavior e. person-job fit

c

Erin has been struggling with a complex problem at work for the last two weeks. One night at dinner, she suddenly realizes the answer. What stage of the creative process has just occurred? a. Preparation b. Verification c. Insight d. Incubation e. Exhaustion

c

Managers have a difficult time achieving a precise level of person-job fit for all of the following reasons except a. organizational selection procedures are imperfect b. people and organizations change over time c. each individual is unique d. the costs of achieving fit outweigh the benefits e. all of these are reasons managers have a difficult time achieving precise fit

d

Managers who create high job satisfaction among their workers should expect all of the following outcomes except a. lower absenteeism b. more positive contributions c. less employee turnover d. higher job performance e. Managers can expect high job satisfaction to result in all of these outcomes

d

What seems to be the trend regarding employees' time at work? a. Employees typically take 3-day weekends b. Most workers take an extended lunch c. People work fewer hours but have more than one job d.More and more workers say they prefer long hours e. Off-work time, such as nights, weekends, and holidays, is more valued than ever

d

Which of the following is not an effective way to manage stress? a. Excercise b. Relaxation c. Time management d. Alcohol e. Wellness programs

d

Adam believes power and status differences among employees in his organization are appropriateness. He follows the demands of his boss and thinks employees below him in the hierarchy ought to follow his orders. Which personality trait best describes Adam? a. extroversion b. Negative emotionality c. Machiavellianism d. Self-efficacy e. Authoritarianism

e

Kevin is an employee who makes a positive overall contribution to the organization. He is willing to help when needed and goes the extra mile to improve his company's performance. Kevin can be considered good a. intrinsic motivator. b. authoritarian. c. person-job fit d. psychological contract e. organizational citizen

e

Which of the following is not likely to cause work-related-stress? a. A hot office b. a job with decisions that have serious consequences c. An uncertain set of expected behaviors d.Working with people with conflicting personalities e. All of these are likely to cause work-related stress

e