Midterm
Which of the following symptoms would you expect to observe in a person suffering from type I diabetes mellitus?
E.) All of these answers are correct.
there are how many primary taste sensations
five- sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami
movement of solutes stops at equilibrium in all of the following except
forward and reverse reactions
Alpha cells in the pancreas produce
glucagon
The brain consumes about half of the ________ circulating in the body.
glucose
the receptors in the inner ear are the
hair cells
The brain has a ________ (high or low?) demand for oxygen, and receives about
high; 15
grave's disease is associated with
hyperthyroidism
primary fate of carbohydrates
immediately use glucose for energy
metabolic rate
someone with more body fat has a higher metabolic rate
all of the following are responses to a drop in body temperature, except?
sweat secretion
relay and processing station of the brain
thalamus
Facilitated diffusion and active transport differ in that
ATP is necessary for active transport, but not for facilitated diffusion.
The protein in the mitochondria that captures the kinetic energy of moving H+ ions and converts to the stored energy of ATP is called ______ ___________
ATP synthase
damage to which part of the brain causes receptive aphasia
Wernicke's
structure in the temporal lobe associated with learning and memory
Hippocampus
Substances that readily dissolve in water and do not readily dissolve in lipids are
Hydrophilic and lipophobic
the falling phase of the action potential is due to
K+ flow out of the cell only
The rising phase of the action potential is due to
Na+ flow into the cell only
All of the following are functions of the hypothalamus, except:
Production of melatonin, which helps regulate day-night cycles
myelin in the pjs is formed by
Schwann cells
When a protein or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell,
a second messenger appears in the cytosol
a pH that is lower than 7 is considered
acidic
the concentration of calcium in a cell is 3%. The concentration of calcium in the surrounding fluid is 1%. which of the following processes could the cell use to obtain more calcium?
active transport
CRH stimulates the release of
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) also known as corticotropin
Information coming into the central nervous system is transmitted along ________ neurons.
afferent and sensory
NADH is produced from each reaction described EXCEPT one. Identify the exception
anaerobic glycolysis
Insulin secretion lowers blood glucose levels which causes glucagon to raise blood glucose until insulin is secreted.
antagonistic relationship
The hypothalamo-hypophysial portal system connects the hypothalamus to the
anterior pituitary
all of the following are true of basal metabolic rate except
as a person gets older their BMR is reduced
which of the following is not a biomolecule
atom
a cation and an anion will ______ each other
attract
neurotransmitters are released from which part of a neuron
axon
The C cells of the thyroid gland produce
calcitonin
the cell in the membrane acts as a good
electrical insulator
chemical reactions that require the input of energy is best described as
endergonic
Cushing's disease is associated with
excess of cortisol production
a proton has a negative charge and an electron has a positive charge
false
the beta cells of the pancreas produce
insulin
metabolic rate is higher when thyroid hormone
is higher
language and verbal skills tend to concentrate on which side of the brain?
left
The larger the receptive field, the
less precise perception
how do enzymes work?
lower activation energy and speed
spatial summation refers to
multiple weak stimulations that occur at the same time
chemical signals released into synapses
neurotransmitters
If a hyperpolarizing graded potential and a depolarizing graded potential of similar magnitudes arrive at the trigger zone at the same time, what happens?
nothing
myelin in the cos is formed by
oligodendrocytes
the majority of hormones in the body are
peptide hormones
Temporal Summation Refers to
repeated graded potentials reaching the trigger zone one after the other
a cation and a cation will ____ each other
repel
a blind spot in the retina occurs where
the optic nerve leaves the eye
Steroid hormones bind to protein receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus of the target cell.
transcription may occur
Does cortisol suppress the immune system?
true
diabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose due to immune destruction of pancreatic cells?
type 1 diabetes