Milady Chapter 5

Staphylococci

------ are pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like bunches of grapes. They cause abscesses, pustules, and boils. Some types of staphylococci ( or staph, as many call it) may not cause infections in healthy humans, and others may be deadly.

Fungi

------ are single-cell organisms that grow in irregular masses that include mold, mildews, and yeasts.

Diplococci

------ are spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia.

Motility

DIfferent bacteria move in different ways; --- is the term used to describe self-movement.

Bloodborne pathogens

Disease-causing microorganisms that are carried in the body by blood body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV, are called -----.

Fungicidal

Disinfectants used in salons in salons must be -------, capable of destroying fungi.

Virucidal

Disinfectants used in salons must be -----, capable of destroying viruses.

Bactericidal

Disinfectants used in salons must be ------, capable of destroying bacteria.

Active Stage

During the ----, bacteria grow and reproduce.

Cillia

May also hear it refer to --- in reference to cell movement, but they are much shorter than flagella and require many more to create movement. ( Moves in a rowing-like motion)

Nonpathogenic

Most bacteria are -----, in other words, they are harmless organisms that may perform useful functions.

Infection

One careless action could cause injury or ----, the invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)

is caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Movement of bacteria: Cocci

Cocci rarely demonstrate motility and are generally transmitted in the air, in dust, or within the substance in which they settle.

Movement of bacteria: Bacilli and Spirilla

Bacilli and Spirilla are both capable of the movement and use slender, hair-like extensions.

Bacteria Growth and Reproduction

Bacteria multiply best in warm, dark,or dirty places. When they reach their larger size, they divide into two cells.

Tinea pedis

The most frequently encountered infection on the foot resulting from nail services is ----, a ringworm fungus of the foot.

Disinfection

The process of ----- is a chemical process that destroys most, but not necessarily all, harmful organisms on environmental surfaces.

Inactive or spore-forming stage

The stage where a bacteria that is capable of forming a spore to protect itself does so to withstand an environment incompatible with its existence.

Protoplasm

They generally consist of an outer cell wall that contains liquid called -------

Tinea capitis

Tinea barbae is similar to ---- , a fungal infection of the scalp characterized by red papules, or spots, at the opening of hair follicles

Clean

To ----(cleaning) is a mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease causing germs from tools, implements, and equipment.

Daughter cells

The cells that are formed are called ----- and are produced every 20-60 minutes, depending on the bacteria.

Contagious disease

When a disease spreads from one person to another person, it is said to be a -------, also known as communicable disease.

Infectious pathogen staphylococcus aureus

undergoes cell division every 26-30 minutes

Pus

--- is a fluid containing white blood cells, bacteria, and dead cells, and is the byproduct of the infectious process.

Biofilms

---- are colonies of microorganisms that adhere to environmental surfaces, as well as the human body.

Parasites

---- are organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism ( referred to as a host), while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism.

Cocci

----- are round-shaped bacteria that appear singly (alone) or in groups

Bacilli

----- are short, rod-shaped bacteria. They are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus ( lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.

Acquired immunity

----- is immunity that the body develops after overcoming a disease, through inoculation (such as flu vaccinations), or through exposure to natural allergens such as pollen, cat dander, and ragweed.

Natural immunity

----- is partly inherited and partly developed through healthy living.

Bacterial spore

----- is the ability of certain types of bacteria to form a hard keratin coating that will protect it until the environment is more favorable.

Bacteria

-----, are one-celled microorganism that have both plant and animal characteristics.

Toxins

-----, various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses)

Streptococci

------ are pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads. They cause infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning.

Pathogenic

------ bacteria are harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade your body.

Hepatitis

------ is a bloodborne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver.

Scabies

------ is also a contagious skin disease and is caused by the itch mite, which burrows under the skin.

Binary fission

------ is the division when the bacteria is big enough to divide into two cells.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

------ is the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Mildew

------, another fungus, affects plants or grows on inanimate objects but does not cause human infections in the salon.

Tinea barbae

------- is a superficial fungal infection caused by a variety of dermatophytes that commonly affects the skin.

Infection control

------- refers to the methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms.

Folliculitis barbae

-------, also known as pseudofolliculitis barbae is an inflammation of hair follicles caused by a bacterial infection often caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

Spirilla

---------- are spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria. They are subdivided into subgroups, such as syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease (STD), and Lyme disease.

Immunity

-----is the ability of the body to destroy, resit, and recognize infection.

Microorganism

A ----- is any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size.

Systemic infection

A ------ is an infection where the pathogen has distributed throughout the body or a system of the body rather than staying in one body area or organ.

Local infection

A -------, such as a pimple or abscess, is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus.

Virus

A ------is a submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of a biological organism.

Flagella

A capable movement and use slender, hair-like extensions called ----- for locomotion(moving about). (Moves in a snake-like motion)

Infectious disease

An -------- is caused by pathogenic(harmful) organisms that enter the body.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

An example is the staph infection-----. (MRSA)

Human papilloma virus

An example of a common viral infection often seen in salons is the -------, a virus that causes warts in humans, but is also the cause of cervical cancer in women

Inflammation

You may have a client who has ------, a condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection.