MIS Chapter 7
A(n) ________ is a box consisting of a radio receiver/transmitter and antennas that links to a wired network, router, or hub.
access point
Which signal types are represented by a continuous waveform?
analog
What are the four layers of the TCP/IP reference model?
application, transport, Internet, and network interface
In the domain name "http://books.azimuth-interactive.com", which element is the second-level domain?
azimuth-interactive
All of the following are physical components of an RFID system except
bar code
Instant messaging is a type of ________ service
chat
The telephone system is an example of a ________ network.
circuit- switched
In TCP/IP, IP is responsible for
disassembling and reassembling of packets during transmission.
A computer network consists of at least three computers.
false
Shopping bots use ________ software for searching the Internet.
intelligent agent
The backbone networks of the Internet are typically owned by long-distance telephone companies called
network service providers.
Digital subscriber lines
operate over existing telephone lines to carry voice, data, and video.
The method of slicing digital messages into parcels, transmitting them along different communication paths, and reassembling them at their destinations is called
packet switching
Which type of network treats all processors equally and allows peripheral devices to be shared without going to a separate server?
peer-to-peer
Which type of network would be most appropriate for a business that comprised three employees and a manager located in the same office space, whose primary need is to share documents?
peer-to-peer network
"Predictive search" in Google's search engine
predicts what you are looking for as you enter words into the query box.
________ monetizes the value of the data stored by search engines.
search engine marketing
Web sites that enable users to share information, collaborate, and create new services and content are called ________ sites.
second generation
A(n) ________ is a commercial organization with a permanent connection to the Internet that sells temporary connections to retail subscribers.
ISP
4G networks use which standards?
LTE and WiMax
A network that spans a city, and sometimes its major suburbs as well, is called a
MAN
________ combine the functionality of a cell phone with the computing of a laptop.
Smartphones
The most common Web server today is
Apache HTTP Server.
What are the business advantages of using voice over IP (VoIP) technology?
Business can lower costs by using the Internet to deliver voice information, avoiding the tolls charged by local and long-distance telephone networks. They can lower costs from not having to create a separate telephone network. VOIP enables communication by supporting Internet conference calls using video. VOIP also provides flexibility-phones can be added or moved to different offices without rewiring or reconfiguring the network.
What service converts IP addresses into more recognizable alphanumeric names?
DNS
Which of the following is not one of the top five search engines?
Which digital cellular standard is used widely throughout the world except the United States?
GSM
Blogs, wikis, and social networking sites were designed for individuals to communicate with each other. What uses do businesses have for these tools? Give specific examples.
Hide Feedback Businesses can use these tools to reach out and market to potential new customers. For example, many businesses have Facebook sites to market their product to specific groups on Facebook. They can use these tools to support and give added value to existing customers. For example, a software company could have a blog that discusses in-depth use of a software product. Businesses can also use these tools within their company to communicate between departments and share knowledge. For example, a company wiki could be set up as a repository of expert information.
Which organization helps define the overall structure of the Internet?
IAB
Which type of network is used to connect digital devices within a half-mile or 500-meter radius?
LAN
Which of the following statements about RFID is not true?
RFIDs require line-of-sight contact to be read.
What technology allows people to have content pulled from Web sites and fed automatically to their computers?
RSS
Which protocol is the Internet based on?
TCP/IP
The WiMax standard can transmit up to a distance of approximately
30 miles
Which of the following is the first generation of cellular systems suitable for watching videos?
4G
The process of employing techniques to help a Web site achieve a higher ranking with the major search engines is called
SEO
T1 lines
are high-speed, leased data lines providing guaranteed service levels.
A(n) ________ signal is a discrete, binary waveform that transmits data coded into two discrete states such as 1-bits and 0-bits.
digital
A VPN
is an encrypted private network configured within a public network.
The child domain of the root is the
top-level domain
A(n) ________ is software for locating and managing stored Web pages.
web server
A network that covers entire geographical regions is most commonly referred to as a(n)
wide area network
Mobile search makes up at least 50% of all Internet searches.
True
Together, a protocol prefix, a domain name, a directory path, and a document name, are called a(n)
Uniform resource locator
What is Web 3.0, and how do you think Web 3.0 developments could impact businesses?
Web 3.0 is the vision of the next generation of the Web in which all of the information available on the Web is woven together into a single experience. The related movement called the Semantic Web is a collaborative effort to add a layer of meaning to existing information to reduce the amount of human time spent in searching and processing that information. Student views on the impact on businesses would vary. An example answer is: This potentially could have huge effects on businesses as simple analysis becomes mechanized, requiring fewer humans to perform this basic task.
The 802.11 set of standards is known as
Wi-Fi
What are wireless sensor networks? How do they work and what are they used for?
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are networks of interconnected wireless devices that are embedded into the physical environment to provide measurements of many points over large spaces. These devices have built-in processing, storage, and radio frequency sensors and antennas. They are linked into an interconnected network that routes the data they capture to a computer for analysis. These networks range from hundreds to thousands of nodes. Because wireless sensor devices are placed in the field for years at a time without any maintenance or human intervention, they must have very low power requirements and batteries capable of lasting for years. Wireless sensor networks are valuable in areas such as monitoring environmental changes; monitoring traffic or military activity; protecting property; efficiently operating and managing machinery and vehicles; establishing security perimeters; monitoring supply chain management; or detecting chemical, biological, or radiological material.
To use the analog telephone system for sending digital data, you must also use
a modem
In a telecommunications network architecture, a protocol is
a standard set of rules and procedures for control of communications in a network.
The most appropriate wireless networking standard for creating PANs is
bluetooth
The total amount of digital information that can be transmitted through any telecommunications medium is measured in
bps
The Internet is based on which three key technologies?
client/server computing, packet switching, and the development of communications standards for linking networks and computers
IPv6 is being developed in order to
create more IP addresses
Bandwidth is the
difference between the highest and lowest frequencies that can be accommodated on a single channel.
Bluetooth can be used to link up to ________ devices within a 10-meter area using low-power, radio-based communication.
eight
A hub is a networking device that connects network components and is used to filter and forward data to specified destinations on the network.
false
An NOS must reside on a dedicated server computer in order to manage a network.
false
Central large mainframe computing has largely replaced client/server computing.
false
Circuit switching makes much more efficient use of the communications capacity of a network than does packet switching.
false
RFID technology is being gradually replaced by less costly technologies such as WSNs.
false
TCP/IP was developed in the 1960s to enable university scientists to locate other computers on the Internet.
false
The number of cycles per second that can be sent through any telecommunications medium is measured in kilobytes.
false
One or more access points positioned on a ceiling, wall, or other strategic spot in a public place to provide maximum wireless coverage for a specific area are referred to as
hotspots
Based on your reading of the examples in the chapter, what would be the best use of RFID for a business?
managing the supply chain
A(n) ________ is a device that forwards packets of data through different networks, ensuring that the data gets to the right address.
router
The device that acts as a connection point between computers and can filter and forward data to a specified destination is called a(n)
switch
The concept of a future Web in which it is commonplace for everyday objects to be connected, controlled or monitored over the Internet is called
the internet of things
Coaxial cable is similar to that used for cable television and consists of thickly insulated copper wire.
true
Fiber-optic cable is more expensive and harder to install than wire media.
true
In a client/server network, a network server provides every connected client with an address so it can be found by others on the network.
true
In a large company today, you will often find an infrastructure that includes hundreds of small LANs linked to each other as well as to corporate-wide networks.
true
More than 50% of U.S. Internet users access the Internet via mobile devices.
true
Telephone networks are fundamentally different from computer networks.
true
The Domain Name System (DNS) converts domain names to IP addresses.
true
Two computers using TCP/IP can communicate even if they are based on different hardware and software platforms.
true
VoIP technology delivers voice information in digital form using packet switching.
true
Web 3.0 is an effort to add a layer of meaning to the existing Web in order to reduce the amount of human involvement in searching for and processing Web information
true
Wikis allow visitors to change or add to the original posted material.
true
Which process is used to protect transmitted data in a VPN?
tunneling
________ integrate disparate channels for voice communications, data communications, instant messaging, e-mail, and electronic conferencing into a single experience.
unified communications
Describe and explain the idea of "network neutrality." Are you in favor of network neutrality? Why or why not?
Network neutrality describes the current equal access by users to Internet bandwidth, regardless of the services they are using on the Internet. Network neutrality is the idea that Internet service providers must allow customers equal access to content and applications, regardless of the source or nature of the content. Presently, the Internet is indeed neutral: all Internet traffic is treated equally on a first-come, first-serve basis by Internet backbone owners. The Internet is neutral because it was built on phone lines, which are subject to "common carriage" laws. These laws require phone companies to treat all calls and customers equally. For example, someone using the Internet to download large movie files pays the same rate as someone accessing their e-mail. Now telecommunications and cable companies want to be able to charge differentiated prices based on the amount of bandwidth consumed by content being delivered over the Internet. Student opinions will vary; one might be: I support network neutrality because the risk of censorship increases when network operators can selectively block or slow access to certain content.
How does packet switching work?
Packet switching is a method of slicing digital messages into parcels called packets, sending the packets along different communication paths as they become available, and then reassembling the packets once they arrive at their destinations. Packet switching makes much more efficient use of the communications capacity of a network than did circuit-switching. In packet-switched networks, messages are first broken down into small fixed bundles of data called packets. The packets include information for directing the packet to the right address and for checking transmission errors along with the data. The packets are transmitted over various communication channels using routers, each packet traveling independently. Packets of data originating at one source will be routed through many different paths and networks before being reassembled into the original message when they reach their destinations.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of packet switching?
Packet switching requires point-to-point circuits.
Which of the following statements is not true about search engines?
There are hundreds of search engines vying for user attention, with no clear leader having yet emerged.
Web browser software requests Web pages from the Internet using which protocol?
HTTP
You have been hired by a small new Web design firm to set up a network for its single office location. The network is primarily needed for exchanging files, accessing and managing beta Web sites on their Web server, and connecting to the Internet. The firm hires many freelancers who come into the office on an ad-hoc basis and it does not have a lot of money to spend on infrastructure. What type of network will you recommend?
I would recommend a mixed wired and wireless network. The wired LAN would connect the Web servers and primary workstations and connect via cable service to the Internet. Freelancers could connect wirelessly via access points.
How are RFID systems used in inventory control and supply chain management?
In inventory control and supply chain management, RFID systems capture and manage more detailed information about items in warehouses or in production than bar coding systems. If a large number of items are shipped together, RFID systems track each pallet, lot, or even unit item in the shipment. This technology may help companies improve receiving and storage operations by enhancing their ability to "see" exactly what stock is stored in warehouses or on retail store shelves.
What has made the Google search engine so successful?
The Google search engine became so successful because it was one of the first search engines to incorporate page ranking. Not only does it index the Web pages it finds according to both keywords and combinations of keywords, it also ranks each page according to the number of pages that link to it, and the number of pages it links to itself. This helped make search results more relevant when compared to search engines relying solely on key words used on Web pages. A user could be relatively certain that they would find relevant information within the top results of a Google search. Improved search results for the user, along with continual improvements to its search engine, the development and other Web applications, tools, and its Ad Sense product where it sells keywords to the highest bidder has made Google so successful as a search engine and marketing firm.
Identify the layers of the Department of Defense reference model for TCP/IP, and describe how this model works.
The application layer enables client application programs to access the other layers and defines the protocols that applications use to exchange data. One of these application protocols is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which is used to transfer Web page files. The transport layer is responsible for providing the application layer with communication and packet services. This layer includes TCP and other protocols. The Internet layer is responsible for addressing, routing, and packaging data packets called IP datagrams. The Internet Protocol is one of the protocols used in this layer. The network interface layer is responsible for placing packets on and receiving them from the network medium, which could be any networking technology. Data sent from one computer to the other passes downward through all four layers, starting with the sending computer's application layer and passing through the network interface layer. After the data reach the recipient host computer, they travel up the layers and are reassembled into a format the receiving computer can use. If the receiving computer finds a damaged packet, it asks the sending computer to retransmit it. This process is reversed when the receiving computer responds.
