MIS352 - Exam 1
According to agency theory, the firm is viewed as a(n):
"nexus of contracts" among self-interested individuals.
Managerial decision making
1, 2, and 3
Which of the following best illustrates the use of information systems to focus on market niche?
A department store creating specialized products for preferred customers.
Which of the following enables a DBMS to reduce data redundancy and inconsistency?
Ability to minimize isolated files with repeated data
Approximately how much revenue was generated by e-commerce in 2017?
About $700 billion
Which of the following would not be a complementary asset for a solar panel manufacturer?
Centralized hierarchical decision making
All of the following laws apply to actions by the federal government except the:
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act.
Which of the following is not one of the IT innovations changing the world of business today?
Cloud computing
Which of the following is a routine question that might be answered by an MIS system?
Compare planned to actual sales for each quarter
Which model is used to describe the interaction of external forces that affect an organization's strategy and ability to compete?
Competitive forces model
Which of the following is not a U.S. federal law affecting private institutions?
Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act
Which of the following protects the authors of a book from having their work copied by others?
Copyright law
Which of the following is an automated or manual file that stores information about data elements and data characteristics such as usage, physical representation, ownership, authorization, and security?
Data dictionary
Which common database challenge is illustrated by a person receiving multiple copies of an L.L. Bean catalog, each addressed to a slightly different variation of his or her full name?
Data inconsistency
Which of the following occurs when the same attribute in related data files has different values?
Data inconsistency
Which of the following is a specialized language that programmers use to add and change data in the database?
Data manipulation language
Which of the following types of systems typically use a digital dashboard to display an array of charts and graphs of a business's key performance indicators?
ESS
Which of the following would you use to forecast trends in your supplier's industry that could affect your firm over the next five years?
ESS
Which of the following systems is designed to span functional areas, focus on executing business processes across the firm, and include all levels of management?
Enterprise applications
________ systems are also known as enterprise systems.
Enterprise resource planning
Which of the following types of system helps coordinate the flow of information between the firm and its suppliers and customers?
Extranet
You manage the IT department at a small startup Internet advertiser. You need to set up an inexpensive system that allows customers to see real-time statistics such as views and click-throughs about their current banner ads. Which type of system will most efficiently provide a solution?
Extranet
Which of the following statements about disruptive technologies is not true?
Firms that invent disruptive technologies as first movers always become market leaders.
Which of the following is an example of a divisionalized bureaucracy?
Fortune 500 firm
Which of the following is an example of a cross-functional business process?
Fulfilling a customer order
Which of the following is not one of the current changes taking place in information systems technology?
Growth in the PC platform
Which of the following U.S. laws gives patients access to personal medical records and the right to authorize how this information can be used or disclosed?
HIPAA
A man steals from a grocery store in order to feed his starving family. Which of the following best expresses the utilitarian principle in evaluating this situation?
His action is acceptable, because the higher social value is the survival of the family.
Which of the following best describes Immanuel Kant's categorical imperative?
If an action is not right for everyone to take, it is not right for anyone to take.
Which of the following is not one of the six strategic business objectives of information systems?
Improved community relations
Which of the following statements is not true?
In 2017, American businesses spent $500 billion on business and management consulting and information technology services.
Which of the following is not one of the benefits of a blockchain database?
It enables firms to create and verify translations on a network very rapidly.
Which of the following best describes the effect that new information technology has on society?
It has a ripple effect, raising new ethical, social, and political issues.
A colleague at work takes small amounts of office supplies for her own personal use, saying that this is a tiny loss to the company. You tell her that if everyone were to take office supplies, then the loss would no longer be minimal. Your rationale expresses which of the following ethical principles?
Kant's Categorical Imperative
The fact that a traditional file system cannot respond to unanticipated information requirements in a timely fashion is an example of which of the following issues with traditional file systems?
Lack of flexibility
An ESS supports which of the following?
Long-range planning activities of senior management
A relocation control system that reports summaries on the total moving, house hunting, and home financing costs for employees in all company divisions falls into which of the following categories?
MIS
If sales of your products declined in a specific region of the country, which of the following types of system would best help you understand why?
MIS
Which of the following would you use in order to determine which of your suppliers has the best and worst records for meeting your production schedules?
MIS
Which of the following statements about business processes is not true?
Business processes are typically unaffected by changes in information systems.
Which of the following is an example of a business using information systems to improve customer and supplier intimacy?
The Mandarin Oriental's use of computers to keep track of guest preferences
Which of the following best describes how new information systems can result in legal gray areas?
They result in new situations that are not covered by old laws.
Hilton Hotels uses its OnQ system for which of the following purposes?
To estimate each guest's profitability and give additional privileges to profitable customers
Which of the following statements about digital firms is not true?
Today, most firms are fully digital.
Which of the following is an example of a legacy system?
Transaction processing system running on a mainframe
All of the following are current hardware platform trends except:
Unix
Which of the following is a multitasking, multiuser, operating system developed by Bell Laboratories that operates on a wide variety of computing platforms?
Unix
Information systems can be used at the industry level to achieve strategic advantage by:
building industrywide, IT-supported consortia and symposia.
The interaction between information technology and organizations is influenced:
by many factors, including structure, politics, culture, and environment.
All of the following are new technology-related trends in MIS except:
co-creation of business value.
The join operation:
combines relational tables to provide the user with more information than is otherwise available.
Interpretations of Moore's law assert that:
computing power doubles every 18 months.
The select operation:
creates a subset consisting of all records in the file that meet stated criteria.
The project operation:
creates a subset consisting of columns in a table.
The fundamental set of assumptions, values, and ways of doing things that has been accepted by most of a company's members is called its:
culture
Which type of infrastructure service stores and manages corporate data and provides capabilities for analyzing the data?
data management
________ creates confusion that hampers the creation of information systems that integrate data from different sources.
data redundancy
All of the following are technical solutions to protecting user privacy except:
data use policies.
The term big data refers to all of the following except:
datasets with fewer than a billion records.
DBMSs typically include report generating tools in order to:
display data in a more structured and polished format than would be possible just by querying.
All of the following are competitive forces in Porter's model except:
disruptive technologies.
________ is a feature of law-governed society and involves having laws that are known and understood, along with the ability to appeal to higher authorities to ensure that the laws are applied correctly.
due process
In ________, digital technology and the Internet are used to execute the major business processes in the enterprise.
e-business
Using the Internet to buy or sell goods is called:
e-commerce
The Network Advertising Initiative is an industry association that:
encourages self-regulation to develop a set of privacy guidelines for its members.
A(n) ________ system collects data from various key business processes and stores the data in a single, comprehensive data repository, usable by other parts of the business.
enterprise
A schematic of the entire database that describes the relationships in a database is called a(n):
entity-relationship diagram.
Which of the following is the network standard for connecting desktop computers into local area networks that enabled the widespread adoption of client/server computing and local area networks and further stimulated the adoption of personal computers?
ethernet
A DSS is most commonly used by the executive management level of an organization.
false
A machine bureaucracy is a knowledge-based organization where goods and services depend on the expertise and knowledge of professionals.
false
CGI is a DBMS programming language that end users and programmers use to manipulate data in the database.
false
Creating a marketing plan is not an example of a business process.
false
Cross-functional systems are being phased out in favor of systems that support business processes within a single functional group, such as human resources.
false
IT infrastructure consists of only those physical computing devices and software required to operate the enterprise.
false
Identifying the stakeholders-people who have a vested interest in the outcome of the decision-is the last step in analyzing an ethical issue.
false
In N-tier computing, significant parts of website content, logic, and processing are performed by a single web server.
false
In order to be considered a digital firm, all of the firm's significant business relationships and core business processes must be digitally enabled.
false
Internet advertising is growing at approximately 5 percent a year.
false
It is much harder to eliminate a cloud service than to remove functionality from a company's core internal systems.
false
Microsoft is no longer the market leader in client/server networking.
false
Mobile computing is the fastest growing form of computing.
false
Most transaction processing systems use sophisticated mathematical models or statistical techniques.
false
NoSQL technologies are used to manage sets of data that require the flexibility of tables and relations.
false
Private business investment in information technology constituted 55 percent of all invested capital in 2017.
false
Relational DBMSs use key field rules to ensure that relationships between coupled tables remain consistent.
false
The operating system is used to manage the software applications used in business activities.
false
Transaction-level information is essential for operational management to plan future production levels.
false
Web hosting services maintain a series of servers and provide fee-paying subscribers with space to maintain their websites.
false
You would use an MIS to help determine if your business should introduce a new product line.
false
A firm can exercise greater control over its suppliers by having:
fewer suppliers.
Which of the following is a grouping of characters into a word, a group of words, or a complete number?
field
Maintaining the organization's financial records is a central purpose of which main business function?
finance and accounting
In 2010, the FTC added all of the following recommendations to its privacy guidelines except:
firms should limit the length of time that any personal data is stored to six months or less.
The Toxic Substances Control Act requires firms to retain records of employee exposure to toxic chemicals:
for 30 years.
The marketplace for computer hardware:
has become increasingly concentrated in top firms.
The value chain model:
highlights specific activities in the business where competitive strategies can best be applied.
The ethical "no free lunch" rule states that:
if something someone else has created is useful to you, it has value, and you should assume the creator wants compensation for this work.
All of the following are issues with the traditional file environment except:
inability to develop specialized applications for functional areas.
In network economics, the value of a commercial software vendor's software products:
increases as more people use them.
All of the following describe the effects of globalization except:
increases in transaction costs.
Networking and telecommunications technologies, along with computer hardware, software, data management technology, and the people required to run and manage them, constitute an organization's:
information technology (IT) infrastructure.
Data collected at checkout counters in a grocery store is an example of:
input
The three activities in an information system that produce the information organizations use to control operations are:
input, processing, and output.
Which of the following is a leading networking hardware provider?
intel
The Windows Operating System:
is an operating system used on most Wintel PCs throughout the world
Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS):
is one type of cloud computing service where users pay only for the computing capacity they actually use.
Output:
is the result of processing raw input data into meaningful information.
All of the following statements are true about information technology's impact on business firms except:
it helps firms expand in size.
A field identified in a record as holding the unique identifier for that record is called the:
key field
Along with capital, ________ is the primary production input that the organization uses to create products and services.
labor
The four major competitive strategies are:
low-cost leadership, product differentiation, focus on market niche, and customer and supplier intimacy.
Mintzberg classifies a large bureaucracy existing in a slowly changing environment that produces standard products and is dominated by centralized management as a(n) ________ bureaucracy.
machine
The development of TCP/IP occurred during the ________ era.
mainframe
Order fulfillment involves all of the following business processes except:
making customers aware of the product.
The Internet increases the bargaining power of customers by:
making information available to everyone.
A corporation that funds an employee training program to build computer skills could be seen as investing in which main category of complementary assets?
managerial
Firms use a ________ strategy to provide a specialized product or service for a narrow target market better than competitors.
market niche
The ability to offer individually tailored products or services using the same production resources as bulk production is known as:
mass customization
The total number of food items with storage temperature problems is an example of which of the following?
meaningful information
According to the ________ definition of organizations, an organization is seen as a means by which capital and labor are transformed by the organization into outputs to the environment.
microeconomic
The term management information systems refers to a specific category of information systems serving:
middle management functions.
What percent of global Internet users use Google Search and other Google services such as YouTube?
nearly 80 percent
The process of streamlining data to minimize redundancy and awkward many-to-many relationships is called:
normalization.
When a cookie is created during a website visit, it is stored:
on the hard drive of the visitor's computer.
Which of the following types of computing involves purchasing computing power from a remote provider and paying only for the computing power used?
on-demand
In the ________ model of informed consent, personal information cannot be collected until the consumer specifically agrees that his or her data can be collected.
opt-in
A DBMS makes the:
physical database available for different logical views.
The divergent viewpoints about how resources, rewards, and punishments should be distributed, and the struggles resulting from these differences are known as organizational:
politics
The logical view of a database:
presents data as they would be perceived by end users.
A field identified in a table as holding the unique identifier of the table's records is called the:
primary key.
Converting raw data into a more meaningful form is called:
processing
Under Mintzberg's classification of organizational structure, knowledge-based organizations fall under the category of:
professional bureaucracies.
The use of computers to assemble data from different sources to create digital dossiers of detailed information about individuals is known as which of the following?
profiling
Walmart's continuous replenishment system allows it to do all of the following except:
provide mass customization.
The ability to be in multiple states at once, dramatically increasing processing power, is a hallmark of:
quantum computing.
A database ________ describes a database entity.
record
Data ________ occurs when the same data is duplicated in multiple files of a database.
redundancy
A(n) ________ represent data as two-dimensional tables.
relational DBMS
________ means that you accept the potential costs and obligations for the decisions you make.
responsibility
In a table for customers, the information about a single customer resides in a single:
row
The GDPR created a ________ framework in order to enable U.S. businesses to legally use personal data from EU countries
safe harbor
The ________ function is responsible for making sure customers are aware of the company's products.
sales and marketing
All of the following are examples of environmental actors in an information system except:
sales force
In a relational database, the three basic operations used to develop useful sets of data are:
select, project, and join
In a hierarchical organization, the upper level consists of:
senior management
Which level of the organization is an ESS specifically designed to serve?
senior management
Which of the following industries has the lowest barrier to entry?
small retailer
Which of the following is not an example of a wearable computing device?
smartphones
According to the chapter case, Sanofi Pasteur is using Microsoft Yammer for all of the following reasons except:
strengthen management controls over employees
According to research on organizational resistance, the four components that must be changed in an organization in order to successfully implement a new information system are:
tasks, technology, people, and structure.
Which of the following is a support activity in a firm's value chain?
technology
Specifications that establish the compatibility of products and the ability to communicate in a network are called:
technology standards
Which of the following ethical guidelines suggests that you put yourself in the place of others, and think of yourself as the object of the decision?
the Golden Rule
Using ________ to enable government relationships with citizens, businesses, and other arms of government is called e-government.
the Internet and networking technologies
Which of the following restricts the information that the U.S. federal government can collect about an individual and regulates what it can do with the information?
the Privacy Act
"Look and feel" copyright infringement lawsuits are concerned with:
the distinction between an idea and its expression.
Thomas Friedman's description of the world as "flat" refers to:
the flattening of economic and cultural advantages of developed countries.
Microsoft Access's data dictionary displays all of the following information about a field except the:
the organization within the organization that is responsible for maintaining the data.
According to ________, you should take the action that produces the least harm.
the risk aversion principle
In a multi-tiered network:
the work of the entire network is balanced over several levels of servers.
All of the following are examples of business intelligence systems except a system that:
tracks the flows of materials in a factory.
Which of the following forms of protection of intellectual property requires that the property be the subject of a nondisclosure agreement?
trade secret
When a firm buys on the marketplace what it cannot make itself, the costs incurred are referred to as:
transaction costs
In environmental scanning, a firm may use information systems to:
transform inputs into products and services.
A business model describes how a company produces, delivers, and sells a product or service to create wealth.
true
A physical view shows data as it is actually organized and structured on the data storage media.
true
A record is a group of related fields.
true
A web server is responsible for locating and managing stored webpages
true
All organizations have bedrock, unquestioned assumptions that define their goals and products.
true
An application server may reside on the same computer as a web server or on its own dedicated computer.
true
Because of their special claims to knowledge, wisdom, and respect, professionals take on special rights and obligations.
true
Client/server computing is a primary example of decentralized processing.
true
Complicated groupings of data in a relational database need to be adjusted to eliminate awkward many-to-many relationships.
true
DBMS have a data definition capability to specify the structure of the content of the database.
true
Enterprise infrastructure requires software that can link disparate applications and enable data to flow freely among different parts of the business.
true
Ethics describes the principles of right and wrong that can be used by individuals to make choices to guide their behavior.
true
Every record in a file should contain at least one key field.
true
Exponential growth in the number of transistors and the power of processors is expected to decrease in the foreseeable future.
true
For nonroutine decision making, managers rely on decision support systems.
true
Identifying customers is a business process handled by the marketing function.
true
In financial services firms, investments in IT infrastructure represent more than half of all capital invested.
true
In today's legal environment, managers who are convicted for the illegal use of information systems are still unlikely to be given a prison sentence.
true
Liability is a feature of political systems and allows individuals to recover damages done to them by others.
true
Managers can use DSS to make decisions about problems that are unusual and not easily specified in advance.
true
One example of a business process is shipping a product to a customer.
true
Program-data dependence refers to the coupling of data stored in files and the specific programs required to update and maintain those files such that changes in programs require changes to the data.
true
Routine violations of individual privacy are made easier by advances in data storage.
true
Routines are also called standard operating procedures.
true
The logical and physical views of data are combined into a single view in a DBMS.
true
In a relational database, a record is referred to in technical terms as a(n):
tuple
A client computer networked to a server computer, with processing split between the two types of machines, is called a(n):
two-tiered client/server architecture.
Which of the following enables a single physical resource (such as a server or a storage device) to appear to the user as multiple logical resources?
virtualization
The FIP principle of Notice/Awareness states that:
websites must disclose their information practices before collecting data.
Verizon's use of a web-based digital dashboard to provide managers with precise real-time information enabled it to improve which of the following?
Managerial decision making
Producing a bill of materials is a business process in which of the following functional areas?
Manufacturing and production
________ states that the value or power of a network grows exponentially as a function of the number of network members.
Metcalfe's Law
Which of the following is a DBMS for desktop computers?
Microsoft access
The obligations that individuals and organizations have concerning rights to intellectual property involve which of the following moral dimensions of the information age?
Property rights and obligations
The obligations that individuals and organizations have regarding the preservation of existing values and institutions fall within which of the following moral dimensions of the information age?
Quality of life
Which of the following is the key business objective behind the technologies implemented by PCL Construction, as discussed in the chapter-opening case?
Reduced delays in document management
Which of the following types of system enables management to make better decisions regarding their suppliers?
SCM
Which of the following is the most prominent data manipulation language today?
SQL
Which ethical rule states that if an action cannot be taken repeatedly, it is not right to take at all?
Slippery-slope rule
Data management technology consists of which of the following?
Software governing the organization of data on physical storage media
A firm that must invest in new information systems capabilities in order to comply with federal legislation is investing to achieve which business objective?
Survival
A(n) ________ is typically a major source of data for other systems.
TPS
To monitor the status of internal operations and the firm's relations with the external environment, managers need which of the following types of system?
TPS
Approximately how many Americans access the Internet using a smartphone or tablet?
230 million
In 2017, what percent of the U.S. economy resulted from foreign trade?
30 percent
How many service jobs move offshore to lower-wage countries in a typical year?
300,000
Place the following eras of IT infrastructure evolution in order, from earliest to most recent: 1. Cloud Computing Era; 2. Client/Server; 3. Enterprise Era; 4. Personal Computer; and 5. Mainframe and Minicomputer.
5, 4, 2, 3, 1
You have been hired by BizCom, a business communications consultancy that services many clients in different industries throughout the United States, to help it improve its profit margin. BizCom provides customized recommendations for the best use of a client's existing resources for improving internal communications, typically delivered via documentation in different media. The company has approximately 50 consultants, all of whom are located in its central headquarters in Alexandria, Virginia. What type of system do you recommend that BizCom install to improve its business processes and increase its profit margin?
An extranet, to enable quick collaboration over the Internet, minimize the time spent communicating with the client, and minimize the amount of paperwork needed
Which of the following statements about organizations is not true?
An informal group can be considered to be an organization
Which of the following is the most popular mobile operating system?
Android
Which of the following is not an example of the mobile digital platform?
CRM
Which of the following types of system would you use to manage relationships with your customers?
CRM
The Mandarin Oriental's use of computer systems to keep track of guests' preferences is an example of which of the following
Customer intimacy
Microsoft SQL Server is a(n):
DBMS for midrange computers.
Non-typical business problems with causes and effects that are rapidly changing are typically handled by which of the following types of information system?
DSS
Which of the following types of information systems are especially suited to situations in which the procedure for arriving at a solution may not be fully defined in advance?
DSS
Which type of information system would you use to forecast the return on investment if your firm planned to switch to a new supplier that offered products at a lower cost?
DSS
Which of the following systems would you expect to deliver data from external events, and summarized information from internal MIS systems?
ESS
Which of the following types of systems typically use a digital dashboard to display an array of charts and graphs of a business's key performance indicators?
Enabling business functions and departments to share information
Which of the following represent the primary activities of a firm?
Inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, sales and marketing, and service
Which of the following is not one of the current key technology trends that raises ethical issues?
Increase in data quality
Which of the five moral dimensions of the information age do the central business activities of DoubleClick involve?
Information rights and obligations
Which of the following statements about the technical view of organizations is not true?
It emphasizes group relationships, values and structures.
Which of the following statements best describes organizational culture?
It is a fundamental set of assumptions, values, and ways of doing things that has been accepted by most members of the organization.
What is not a feature of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?
It prevents firms from using cookies.
Which of the following statements about the NFL's Player Tracking system, as described in the chapter case, is not true?
It was primarily designed to increase sales of food and beverages
Which of the following would you use to consolidate the relevant knowledge and experience in the firm and make it available to improve business processes and management decision making?
KMS
Which of the following statements is not true?
Most PCs manufactured in China use microprocessor chips manufactured in Korea.
FIP principles are based on a belief in which of the following?
Mutuality of interest between the record holder and the individual
Which of the following is a data analysis technology that finds hidden connections between data in disparate sources?
NORA
________ uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices.
Nanotechnology
Which of the following marketplace forces would be of least concern to a manufacturer of deep-sea oil rigs?
New market entrants
All of the following are IT-enabled products and services providing competitive advantage except:
Nike's use of celebrities to market their products.
Which of the following substitute products would be of most concern for a cable TV distributor?
On-demand Internet television
Which of the following is an example of raw data from an automobile manufacturer?
One Subaru Outback sold July 27, 20176 in Mohegan Lake, New York for $24,000
The NAI is an industry association formed to help with which of the following?
Online privacy issues
Which of the following is not an IT infrastructure service component?
Operating system software
Walmart exemplifies the power of information systems coupled with state-of-the-art business practices and supportive management to achieve which of the following?
Operational efficiency
To make sure they stock clothes that their customers will purchase, a department store implements a new application that analyzes spending levels at their stores and cross-references this data to popular clothing styles. Which of the following business objectives is this information intended to support?
Operational excellence
In a business hierarchy, which of the following levels is responsible for monitoring the daily activities of the business?
Operational management
As discussed in the chapter opening case, which of the following statements about Starbucks is not true?
Starbucks is planning to sell coffee, branded mugs, and espresso machines on its website.
Amazon's use of the Internet as a platform to sell books more efficiently than traditional bookstores illustrates which of the following strategies?
Strengthening supplier intimacy
Which of the following is a competitive force challenging the publishing industry?
Substitute products or services
Which type of system integrates supplier, manufacturer, distributor, and customer logistics processes?
Supply chain management system
A firm that invests in an information system because it is a necessity of doing business does so because it is seeking to achieve which of the following business objectives?
Survival
You have been hired by a non-profit organization to implement a system to handle donations. The system must be able to handle and record telephone, text, and Internet donations, provide up-to-the-minute reports, and create highly customizable mailing lists. In addition, event fundraisers need to be able to quickly access a donor's information and history. Which of the following systems will best meet these needs?
TPS with MIS capabilities
Which of the following is not an example of the moral dimensions of the information age identified in the text?
The emergence of giant tech firms that dominate their markets
Which of the following best illustrates the relationship between entities and attributes?
The entity CUSTOMER with the attribute PURCHASE
All of the following are typically factors in a firm's decision to engage consulting and system integration services except:
The firm's staff knows more about the firm's IT infrastructure than service providers.
ERP, SCM, CRM, and KMS.
The four major types of enterprise applications are:
Which of the following best describes the primary reason for implementing a new information system, from a business perspective?
The system will create new value for the firm, beyond its costs.
Which of the following is not a true statement about value webs?
Value webs are inflexible and cannot adapt quickly to changes in supply and demand.
Which of the following is not a part of the IT infrastructure ecosystem found in firms?
Virtual reality systems
Which of the following is a recent addition to the mobile digital platform?
Wearable computing devices
Which of the following factors does not help explain why computing resources today are even more available than in previous decades?
Widespread rejection of technology standards
Which of the following became the standard PC in the Personal Computer Era?
Wintel PC
Which of the following technologies disrupted the traditional publishing industry?
World Wide Web
A one-to-many relationship between two entities is symbolized in a diagram by a line that ends with:
a crow's foot topped by a short mark.
Today's computer transistors are roughly equivalent in size to:
a virus.
How much did American businesses spend on information systems hardware, software, and telecommunications equipment in 2017?
about $100 billion
________ is a feature of social institutions that means mechanisms are in place to determine responsibility for an action.
accountability
Walmart's continuous replenishment system is an example of a firm using information systems to:
achieve low-cost leadership.
Which of the following is not a major feature of organizations that impacts the use of information systems?
agency costs
You are creating a database to store temperature and wind data from various airports. Which of the following fields is the most likely candidate to use as the basis for a primary key in the Airport table?
airport code
The introduction of the minicomputer:
allowed computers to be customized to the specific needs of departments or business units.
In ________, raw data is systematically acquired and transformed during various stages that add value to that information
an information value chain
At what percent of capacity do most servers operate?
app 70%
A(n) ________ is used to communicate between a user and an organization's back-end systems.
application server
All of the following are steps in the process for analyzing an ethical issue except:
assigning responsibility.
A characteristic or quality that describes a particular database entity is called a(n):
attribute.
Which of the following would a company employ to measure and compare its business processes to similar processes of other companies within their industry?
benchmarking
The most successful solutions or methods for achieving a business objective are called:
best practices