MKT 305 - Exam 3

A study found that women who engage in extensive information search and comparison shopping were most likely to select which of the following metaphors to express their perspective of time?

time is a map

Allison Chewie felt she was always pressed for time; she was feeling ________.

time poverty

A typical antecedent state that a consumer might experience as he or she approaches the purchase environment is ________.

time pressure

Allen has a store that rents only formal wear to men, such as tuxedoes. Allen sells to a highly segmented market based on ________.

usage situation

noncompensatory rule

We use this rule when we make habitual or emotional decisions. If an option doesn't suit us on one dimension, we just reject it out of hand move on to something else

Decisions driven by our emotional responses to a product are called ________.

affective

A company who uses the home shopping party method is ________.

all of these

compensatory rule

allows a product to make up for its shortcomings on one dimension by excelling on another.

weighted additive rule

allows the consumer to take into account the relative importance of the attributes by weighing each one

A store environment that has been made to resemble a living room where customers can relax, hang out with friends, or even learn is referred to as a(n) ________.

being space

A type of virtual community of consumption based on sharing online journals is called ________.

blogs

A consumer who buys the same brand over and over again exhibits ________.

brand loyalty

A customer buying an unfamiliar product that carries a fair degree of risk would most likely engage in ________ decision making?

cognitive

A bucket in consumer decision making is ________.

cognitive, habitual, and affective

According to the principle of least interest, the person who is least ________ has the most power in the relationship.

committed to staying in the relationship

Anna asks people in her social group their opinion about a movie before she watches it. Her social group is an example of a(n) ________.

reference group

A decision strategy that seeks to deliver an adequate solution rather than the best possible solution is referred to as ________.

satisficing

According to a survey, with respect to disposing of products, about two out of three people indicate that they could be classified as ________.

selective savers

British psychologist Frederic Bartlett used ________ to examine how information mutates.

serial reproduction

A general attitude toward shopping is called ________.

shopping orientation

A(n) ________ is a marketing intermediary retained by a consumer to guide what that consumer buys.

surrogate consumer

Amanda thought she had been cheated by a local car dealership. She was so upset that she created a Web site to share her story with the world. What is the most likely result of Amanda's action?

Amanda's Web site will decrease the credibility of the dealership's ad and will influence potential buyers to stay away from the dealership.

Directories and portals, Web site evaluators, forums, fan clubs, and user groups are all forms of which of the following?

Cybermediaries

Casinos make their interiors very plush and expensive looking, knowing that gamblers who would be reluctant to make a $10 bet in average surroundings would gladly make $100 wagers in luxurious surroundings. Which of the following best explains gamblers' behavior?

Mental accounting emphasizes the extraneous characteristics of the choice environment even if the results are not rational.

A coupon-dispensing machine in a grocery aisle and an employee handing out free samples of a new product are both examples of ________.

POP stimuli

A consumer can recognize problems as either an opportunity or a need. How should promotions differ between those emphasizing opportunities and those emphasizing needs?

Promotions emphasizing opportunities should attempt to increase the ideal state, while promotions emphasizing needs should give locations where the products can be purchased.

Evaluating the effort when we need to make a particular choice is called the ________.

constructive process

According to ________, we evaluate the effort we'll need to make a particular choice and then we tailor the amount of cognitive "effort" we expend to make that choice.

constructive processing

Every summer, thousands of bikers converge on Sturgis, South Dakota, filling up every campground, motel, and hotel within miles of the city. This annual meeting is an example of a gathering of a(n) ________.

consumer tribe

A ________ includes a buyer, a seller, a product or service and other factors, such as how the physical environment makes one feel.

consumption situation

Home shopping parties may activate the risky shift or ________, in which the individual at the party may get so caught up in the party spirit that he orders products that he would normally not purchase.

deindividuation

Features actually used to differentiate among choices are called ________ attributes.

determinant

Dimensions we use to judge the merits of competing options are called ________.

evaluative criteria

A marketing manager who wants to identify opinion leaders for her product category should ________

find socially active persons who are intensely interested in the product category and who are similar to the other customers

Beth likes to volunteer at a local food bank. Because she once worked at a large supermarket and saw lots of food that had not been purchased, she arranged for a local store to give unsold items to the food bank. Beth was engaged in ________.

freecycling

Chet meets each Wednesday night at his local bookstore with a small group of computer enthusiasts. The group calls itself X-Hackers because at one time all of these select members were hackers. Today, members of the group have similar values and have pledged to stop computer hacking. Which membership factor best describes what brings this group together?

group cohesiveness

Buying decisions that are made with little or no conscious effort are called ________.

habitual

A mental or problem-solving shortcut to make a decision is called a(n) ________.

heuristic

Anna Jeter has a sudden urge she couldn't resist to buy a new purse; she was engaging in ________.

impulse buying

A garage sale is an example of what is called ________.

lateral recycling

Simple additive rule

leads to the option that has the largest number of positive attributes

According to ________, a company can make money if it sells small amounts of items that only a few people want, if the company sells enough different items.

long tail

A group composed of people that the consumer actually knows is called a(n) ________ reference group.

membership

A buying decisions made by organizational buying is called ________.

modify rebuy, new buy, straight rebuy

According to the ________ rule, a product with a low standing on one attribute cannot make up for this position by being better on another attribute.

noncompensatory

Chen Lo uses a decision rule that says "Only buy well-known brand names" when selecting a set of golf clubs. He does not look at price, the store, or even discounts when purchasing clubs. Chen Lo's purchasing pattern is an example of a consumer using a ________.

noncompensatory rule

covariation

our associations among events that may or may not actually influence one another

A ________ orientation dimension distinguishes between people who prefer to do one thing at a time and those who have multitasking timestyles.

polychronic

According to ________, utility is defined in terms of gains and losses.

prospect theory

According to the consumer behavior model presented in the text, the ________ includes the shopping experience, point-of-purchase stimuli, and sales interactions.

purchase environment

A hot and thirsty customer buys a cool drink and finds it very satisfying. He then buys another drink even though he had not initially planned on buying two and even though he is no longer thirsty. This is an example of ________.

purchase momentum

A(n) ________ is an actual or imaginary individual or group conceived of having significant relevance upon an individual's evaluations, aspirations, or behavior.

reference group