MMC3702 Exam 4
"Yesterday"
Written by Paul McCartney in 1965 -most covered song in history (at least 1600) -It was made for the movie "Help!" which was a dud in comparison to their first. -Didn't release in the UK because they thought it was too classical.
The Sacred Store
-Nickname for the Fillmore by the hippies in San Francisco. -One of the greatest rock 'n' roll venues of all time.
Paul McCartney
-The Cute One -One of the songwriting Beatles.
Brian Epstein
- 5th Beatle No. 3. -Manager for the Beatles. -He paid for everything for the band. He dressed them up neatly in suits with mushroom haircuts, and changed their image to the charming good boys. -The Beatles met him a lunchtime concert at The Cavern, a basement club in Liverpool where they often played. -His death in 1967 proved to be the start of the Beatles disintegration. -He managed a number of groups besides the Beatles.
Grace Slick
- She started in a band "The Great Society" - She was known to be wild. She was the first person to say M*** F** on live TV. -She was also on a group called "Jefferson Airplane", revolutionized their sound -Kicked out due to alcoholism -Wrote "White Rabbit" (1967)- Jefferson Airplane, most psychedelic song -Her career started when she was 27, while Janis' ended at 27.
Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (album)
-#1 on Rolling Stones Top 500 albums of all time. -Has sold 11 million. -Album where the Beatles pretended to be another band in order to escape the pressure to make amazing music. -There were no singles released from this album, because The Beatles intended it to be a concept album heard from start to finish. -Release of this album was "a moment of unity for the western world." -Songs included, "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds," "With a Little Help From My Friends," "A Day in the Life" (which is a merger of two unifinished songs by Lennon and McCartney). -The album came in the most elaborate package of all time. They included people they respected and thought were important, with them in the middle. -Won 4 Grammys. -Their Satanic Majesty's Request (1967) was the Rolling Stone's response to this album.
Abbey Road
-11th album and last one where all 4 members participated. -October 1969; last recorded album and considered the end of the Beatles. -The album cover became is one of the most parodied images in popular culture. -George Harrison songs really stand out on this album. Showed him as yet another great song writer of the group. This is sort of his coming out party. -Songs include: "Something," and "Here Comes the Sun" both which had Harrison on lead vocals.
The Yardbirds
-1963-68 English blues rock band that begat guitar gods Eric Clapton (1963-65), Jeff Beck (1965-66), Jimmy Page (1966-68) and their respective bands. -By 1968, Jimmy Page was the sole member left in the Yardbirds, so he launched a new version The New Yardbirds, which then became Led Zepplin. -Cream (1966) also emerged from the Yardbirds; it was Eric Clapton's group. -The Jeff Beck Group (1968) also came out of the Yardbirds. -These three guitarists had an extreme influence on what came in the 70s.
Back Beat
-1994 Drama film that chronicles the early days of the Beatles in Hamburg, Germany -Focuses primarily on the relationship between Stuart and John. -All songs in the movie are covers of Beatles songs, and not original Beatles songs.
Pete Best
-5th Beatle No. 2 -The Original drummer. -He was fired by Brian Epstein after George Martin complained he was just a machine, and not a good enough drummer. -He was replaced by Ringo Starr on the verge of super stardom as a condition for getting a recording contract.
George Martin
-5th Beatle No. 4 -Classically trained producer. -Signed them to Parlophone Records, a subsidiary of Decca Records, in early 1962. -George Martin gave The Beatles their first recording contract. He would go on to produce all of their albums except for "Let it Be." -Recording deal came with some stings. They had to fire Pete Best and he was replaced by Ringo Starr.
Revolver
-7th Beatles album -It redefined the parameters of popular music from Aug 5, 1966. -This album draws the line in the Beatles 8 year recording career. It is a watershed album bridging their two distinctive periods. -They made the transition from lovable mop-tops, to something more important. -They began to showcase new studio techniques and much more melodically diverse songs. -Album cover was done by Klaus Voormen -Songs include "Eleanor Rigby," "Yellow Submarine," and "Tomorrow Never Knows."
Jefferson Airplane (Starship)
-American rock band formed in the psychedelic scene in San Francisco. -Grace Slick joined the band and changed it into a more visible and vocal band because of her lead vocals. -"Somebody to Love" (1967) #5 -"White Rabbit" (1967) #8; written by Grace Slick -In 1974, changed name to starship to indicate their second period
Big Brother & Holding Co.
-American rock band that formed in San Francisco in the psychedelic scene. -Picked up Janis Joplin, laughed at her popularity
Counterculture Movement
-Anti-establishment cultural phenomenon that developed first in the US, then in the UK and then spread through much of Western world between the early 60s and 70s. -Woodstock represented the culmination of this movement. -Make love, not war. Peace. Hippie movement. -Young people felt their world was headed in the wrong direction and sought change, either becoming political activists or joining the hippie movement, promoting peace, love, and understanding
The White Album
-Beatles double album where they try to touch on anything and everything they can. -You can tell the band is starting to go in different directions -It sets the bar for all double albums to come. -Their first and only double LP, and every song was written by a single individual. -Their 9th album; was plain white sleeve with no graphics or text besides the band name. -Songs include "Back in the USSR,"Dear Prudence," and "Helter Skelter." -"Revolution 9," from this album; played backwards sounds like "turn me on, dead man" considered to be a clue to McCartney's death
Bill Graham (The Fillmore)
-Club nicknamed "The Sacred Store" in Haight Ashbury. It was a place where many popular bands would play, a premier venue of the late 1960s. -This man was a promoter/manager/proprietor for the concert hall
Manfred Mann
-English beat, rhythm and blues pop band with a strong jazz foundation of the 1960s. Band named after their keyboardist. -Sung the song "Do Wah Diddy Diddy" (1965 - #1) and they were from the first wave of the British invasion. -Formed by Mann and Mike Hugg. -First south-of-England-based group to top the US Billboard Hot 100 during the British invasion.
The Quarrymen
-In 1957 John Lennon and Paul McCartney were introduced. Shortly after, Lennon asked McCartney to join this Skiffle group called The Quarrymen. It was the first iteration of the Beatles. They played pop, blues, and folk cover songs. -In 1958, McCartney's school friend, 15 yr-old George Harrison, joined the band. -First recording was a 1958 cover of Buddy Holly's "That'll Be the Day."
The Mamas & The Papas
-John Phillips, Michelle Phillips, Cass Elliot and Denny Doherty -"California Dreamin'" (1965) #4; written in NY in 1963 during a cold winter. -Group was known for close vocal harmony's and turbulent band -California Folk Rock. The music was more about the harmonies and melodies than statements and messages. -There were two couples in the band. Then two of the people from different couples started to see each other and the band fell apart - "Monday Monday" was their only #1 hit.
The Beatles Day
-June 6, 2009 - Day marked to celebrate the Beatles. -Boxed set of compilations compromising of remastered monaural recordings by the Beatles -Reflect the fact that most of the Beatles' catalogue was originally mixed and release in monophonic format
The Doors
-LA rock band; their name comes from a poem and their music was more blues-based. -They were probably the first rock band that didn't record a happy song. Their music was dark and mysterious. -They worked to combine music and poetry. Helped to work toward the psychedelic revolution. -Leader was Jim Morrison (vocals) and included John Densmore (drums), Robby Kreiger (guitar), and Ray Manzarek (keyboard). -Band only lasted for about 5 years. -Hits include "Light My Fire" (1967) #1, "Love Me Two Times" (1967) #25, "Hello, I Love You" (1968) #1.
John Fogerty
-Leader and chief songwriter of CCR. -His fighting with his little brother eventually broke up the band. -Would later be sued for plagiarism for a song that he wrote, "The Old Man Down the Road" (1985); he was sued for plagiarizing himself because he gave up his publishing rights to CCR catalog to leave the band by 1972.
(Carlos) Santana
-Leader and founder of Santana with Greg Rolie -Brought Latin influence into rock n roll while incorporating traditional blues -"Evil Ways" (1969) #9 -"Black Magic Woman" (1970) #4 -"Oye Como Va" cover -At the height of their career, two of the band members left to form Journey.
Jim Morrison
-Most important member of the Doors; their lead vocalist, front \man and charismatic leader. -On stage, he often did things that would get him into trouble with the law; he played with his back facing the audience, allegedly exposed himself as a concert in Miami -He briefly went to FSU and was arrested in Tallahassee. -He had big issues with drugs and erratic behavior -Member of the 27 club -The Doors, a controversial biopic of his life directed by Oliver Stone; was controversial because it had severe inaccuracies, and the band did not like it.
Magical Mystery Tour
-Name of the 1967 movie and album the Beatles did right after the death of their manager Brian Epstein. -The movie was terrible, and the music was just alright. -This was their 1st and biggest failure. -This was the first time that the US got more than the UK.
Buffalo Springfield
-Neil Young -Folk rock artist that was a little less successful but more politically and socially active -"For What It's Worth" (#7)- classic Vietnam war protest song. -Steven Stills from this group graduated from Gainesville high school and dropped out of UF
Creedence Clearwater Revival
-Not a typical bay area band; Instead of long jams they tend to do short, snappy songs that emulate Sun Records -Weirdest sound in San Francisco; their music was quite diverse as well. -"Suzie Q" (1968) #11; only top 40 hit CCR had that wasn't written by John Fogerty. -"Proud Mary" (1969) #2 -John Fogerty was the leader and chief songwriter of the group. -Their music style known as Swamp Rock. -More commercial group in comparison to the Grateful Dead. -They were born and raised in the San Francisco area.
Sly & the Family Stone
-One of the first integrated, multi-genre bands that synthesized rock, soul, R&B and psychedelic into can cable fun -"I Want to Take You Higher" (1970) Top 40 -"Everyday People" (1968) #1 -"Thank You (falettinme be mice elf again)" (1969) #1 -At the '06 Grammy awards, a highly volatile and unpredictable figure, Sly Stone reunited with The Family Stone for the first time on stage in 35 years.
Gimme Shelter
-Originally intended to be a concert film, but instead it was a documentary of the tragedy at The Rolling Stones' show at Altamont speedway, released in 1970. -Also a song by the Rolling Stones, it first appeared as the opening track on the band's 1969 album Let it Bleed.
The Fifth Beatle
-Over time there were several fifth Beatles. -Stuart Sutcliff, Pete Best, Brian Epstein and George Martin.
Folk Rock
-Pioneered by LA band the Byrds -Musical genre combining the elements of folk music and rock music
Phil Spector
-Produced the Beatles album Let It Be without the Beatles permission in May 1970. -Added the wall of sound, so the album sounds very different from the rest of the groups music.
Apple Corps/Records
-Record label founded by the Beatles in 1968 -Artists include Mary Hopkin, James Taylorm Badfinger, and Billy Preston -Managed by Allen Klein from 1969-1973 and then Neil Aspinall until 2007 -First single they released was "Hey Jude" (August 1968) -The Beatles final live performance was on January 29, 1969, on the rooftop of this building
A Hard Day's Night
-Third studio album by the Beatles with one side containing songs from the soundtrack to the 1964 mockumentary film A Hard Day's night starring the Beatles about a day in their lives. -Also the title of their first film (black-and-white). -Directed by Richard Lester and it was a landmark in rock n roll and cinema history. -It had very innovative, creative and stylish film making techniques.
Ashbury & Haight
-This is an area of San Fransisco where all of the hippies lived and there was always a great deal of drugs and music happening. Summer of Love was centered at these crossroads
Anthology
-Three volume set of double albums, TV documentary series and book on the Beatles
"(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction"
-Written by Mick Jagger and Keith Richards about sexual frustration/ produced by Andrew Loog Oldham -Rolling Stones changed from boys to men with this song. This was a career-defining song. -Story is that Richards woke up one night and recorded the song on a tape machine next to his bed. He didn't even remember he had done it when he woke up, but just found the rolling tape -It was written in Clearwater, FL.
"Hey Jude"
-Written by Paul McCartney in 1968 as "Hey Jules" to comfort Lennon's son Julian during his parent's divorce. -Arguably their best song.
Mick Jagger/Keith Richards
The Glimmer Twins! -This was the songwriting/production duo for the Rolling Stones. -They had met in pre-K.
The Ed Sullivan Show
-American TV variety show that ran on CBS -In late 1963, Sullivan saw the Beatles being greeted by fans at Heathrow, and asked Epstein if they would perform for top dollar -He and Esptein made a historical deal where the Beatles would perform on the show for three consecutive Sundays in February. -The first show was on Feb. 9, 1964; it drew an estimated 73 million viewers and is still rated as one of the top 5 TV shows in American history in terms of viewership.
Glimmer Twins
-The songwriting and production team of Mick Jagger and Keith Richards -Also, band name that the Rolling Stone leader Jagger and Richards published the band's music under for a while. -Once in the shadows of Lennon and McCartney, they emerged as great songwriters.
Eric Clapton
-English blues guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter for the Yardbirds (1963-65) and Cream (1966), and also a soloist -He is a three-time hall of fame inductee, as a member of the Yardbirds, the Cream, and then as a solo artist. -His nickname is Slow Hand - the story is that his hands moved so fast that you could barely see them. -One of Britain's guitar heroes. -In love with Patti Boyd at one point and he had an affair with her while George Harrison was still married to her. -He quit the Yardbirds because they were focused on being popular and he considered himself a serious blues player. -He covered Robert Johnson the most
Led Zeppelin
-English blues-rock band formed out of the ashes of the Yardbirds with Jimmy Page, Robert Plant, John Bonham, and John Paul Jones. -Big influence on rock 'n' roll in the 70s.
Jimmy Page
-English guitarist in the Yardbirds (1966-68) and went onto found Led Zepplin. -Songs with the Yardbirds include "Little Games" (1967). -A lot of mystique about him -He is not a solo artist. He released one solo album and it did not do well. -Had started his career as a studio musician. -He was the primary songwriter, album producer, business decision maker, and founder and leader of the Led Zepplin.
The Rolling Stones
-English rock band formed in 1962, and might as well be the "world's oldest rock 'n' roll band" because they are still together today. -The constants were Keith Richards (lead guitarist), Mick Jagger (lead vocalist) and Charlie Watts (drums). -Formed in 1962 with those three and Brian Jones & Ian Stewart -Brian helped found band, but didn't last. He had a lot of problems with drugs and alcohol, so he was kicked out in 1969 and died later that year. -After 1963, Stewart (keyboards) left and Bill Wyman (bass, keyboards) joined. -In 1969, Mick Taylor (guitar) joined but left in 1975 right before the height of their career. -In 1975, Ron Wood joined, replacing Taylor. He has been an essential part of the band on and off stage since auditioning for them. -They were the bad boys of rock n roll. -They loved American music, and in their early years covered Buddy Holly, Bo Diddley, Muddy Waters etc. -First single "Come On" (1963), a Chuck Berry cover -Their Satanic Majesty's Request was their response to Sgt. Pepper's, but it was a serious miscalculation and not considered a very good album. -They really took off after the Beatles split up with 4 great albums: Beggar's Banquet (1968), Let it Bleed (1969), Sticky Fingers (1971), and Exile on Main Street (1972). -They held the Altamont Festival which was a disaster.
Jeff Beck
-English rock guitarist who got his start in the Yardbirds leading to a successful solo career. -One of the great guitarists from the Yardbirds (1965-66). -Songs include "Train Kept A Rollin'" (1966) -More of a critical favorite, not really a commercial success. -He was kicked out of the group and had a solo career where he made the album "Truth" which was technically brilliant. -Started the Jeff Beck Group in 1968.
Tony Sheridan
-English rock n roll singer and songwriter and guitarist. -Sas best known as an early collaborator of the Beatles. -The Beatles backed this singer up during the creation of "My Bonnie" and it was the only time that they backed up someone else. -Used alter ego called Beat Brothers for this.
Stuart Sutcliffe
-Fifth Beatle No. 1 -Was the original bassist for the Beatles. Joined the band in 1960. -He was part of the original group the Silver Beatles. -He quit The Beatles to pursue a career as an artist instead of a musician. He became engaged to Astrid Kirchherr and they stayed in Hamburg. -He died of a brain hemorrhage in 1962 & never got to see their success.
Let it Be
-Finished in early '69 but shelved for the time because the Beatles all kinf od knew they were going out, but Paul did not want to end on this note, he wanted to go out with a bang. -Session tapes of this album were handed over to Phil Spector. It was the only Beatles album not produced by George Martin. -It is questionable weather the Beatles really wanted to release this album. -The 1970 recording was supposed to show the Beatles at work but instead showed them breaking up
Dusty Springfield
-Full name: Mary Isobel Catherine Bernadette O'Brian -English pop singer and record producer whose career extended into the late 50s-90s -The 2nd British invasion artist (after the Beatles) to have a hit in the US. - She was highly respected during the time -Hit song was "I Only Want To Be With You" (1964 - #12 US)
Country Rock
-Fusion of country and rock music -Was developed by rock artists who began to record country-flavored records in the late-60s early-70s. -Began with Bob Dylan and the Byrds and followed with bands such as The Grateful Dead and Creedence Clearwater Revival.
Monterey/Woodstock
-Giant music festivals that played integral roles in educating young adults about social issues and civil rights issues. -Monterey Pop Festival took place in June 1967, and was specifically organized to communicate political and humanitarian concerns. Most artists played without being paid. This particular show was really the kick off to the summer of love. -Woodstock Music and Art Fair took place in August 1969, at Max Yasgur's barn in upstate NY. It was all put together by 24-year-old Michael Lang, and originally planned as a profit making venture, and didn't become free until later. There was a lot of drug use and no violence. The stage looked much like festivals today, but nothing like it had been seen before at the time. -Both of these shows introduced many younger people to the counter culture and the cultural revolution and legitimized rock n roll as a legitimate concert art form.
The 27 Club
-Group of musicians that all mysteriously seem to die at 27. -Includes Jim Morrison, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Amy Winehouse, Kurt Cobain and Ron McKernan.
The Byrds
-Roger McGuinn, David Crosby, Gene Clark, Michael Clark and Chris Hillman. -They were called America's answer to the British Invasion and the Beatles, even if they didn't want to be called this. -Roger McGuinn was the sole member who was in the group for its entire existence. Called himself Roger, but his real name was Jim. -Pioneered the genre called "Folk-rock" -Folk music group in CA with signature blend of harmony singing -They were really important b/c they change the nature of the LA music scene. They changed it from the original surf rock, to something that was more important and influential. -Cross betwwwn Bob Dylan and the Beatles -Managed to get Bob Dylan a #1 hit as a writer -They begat the Flying Burrito Brothers
Billy Preston
-Song "Get Back" was released as a single with this man on the electric piano. -Alongside Tony Sheridan, he was he only other musician to be credited on a Beatles record. -This was also the last song that the Beatles played together in front of an audience in April 1969.
"I Wanna Be Your Man"
-Song that was written by Lennon and McCartney in 1963, and offered to the Rolling Stones. -The Stones released it on Nov. 1, 1963, it was their second single and it peaked at #12. -Then the Beatles released it on Nov. 22, 1963, it was on their second album "With the Beatles" and Ringo Star ended up singing it.
"All You Need is Love"
-Song written by Lennon -first performed by the Beatles on Our World (the first live global TV link) -This was performed before and estimated 400 million people during the Vietnam War, and they choose to send a very specific message with this song -Song was performed live via satellite to kick off the Summer of Love.
Janis Joplin
-Started as a folk singer then switched to blues rock -"Piece of My Heart" (1968) #12 -"Me and Bobby McGee" (1971) was her only number 1, and one of the only two #1 posthumous hits ever. -She was originally from Texas. -She was picked up by Big Brother and the Holding company. -Often regarded as one of the finest vocalists of all time -First solo album was "I Got Them Old Cosmic Blues Again Mama" -2nd Album was "Pearl" which was her nickname -She had a brief solo career, 1968-70, and died when she was only 27.
Acid/Psychedelic Rock
-Style of rock music that is inspired or influenced by psychedelic culture and attempts to replicate and enhance the mind-altering experiences of psychedelic drugs
Beatlemania
-Term that originated in the 1960s to describe the intense fan frenzy directed toward the Beatles -There was even a mocumentary made about this with the Beatles. -"Please, Please Me" in 1963 started Beatlemania
Crosby, Stills, Nash, & Young
-The Byrds, the Hollies and Buffalo Springfield begat: Crosby, Still, Nash and Young. -Each of the members has been inducted into the rock hall of fame twice. Once for being in this group and then for being a part of the three different groups. -They only completed 1 album. -They had added Neil Young to the group, but he didn't last either b/c he wanted the group to be more rock and less folky. -"Ohio" (1971) written by Neil Young; song about the shootings at Kent State.
Ringo Starr
-The Funny One -4th Beatle asked to join the band when it was on the brink of Stardum.
George Harrison
-The Quiet One -Husband of Patti Boyd -He really stood out as a songwriter on the "Abbey Road" Album.
Altamont Free Concert
-The Rolling Stones' free concert at Altamont Speedway on December 6, 1969, arguably the biggest rock n roll mistake ever. -It was a response to Woodstock -Because it was December, it was hard to book good venues or stadiums (football season) so they booked it on a Speedway, which is concrete and asphalt. -The Rolling Stones hired the Hell's Angels motorcycle club as security for their free show at the Speedway -The Grateful Dead backed out after learning Hell's Angels would be there -This concert led to one homicide, three accidental deaths, and four births. -Everything went wrong at this concert. It was widely advertised. -This tarnished the Stones already bad boy image.
John Lennon
-The Smart One -One of the songwriting Beatles -He was the first Beatle to leave the group, which was split by his affair with Yoko Ono.
The Grateful Dead
-The quintessential psychedelic San Francisco rock band. -They created an entire community of people that moved with them from concert to concert. - They were primarily a live band; had albums but enjoyed performing live. - They didn't try to be rock stars; they were different. -They were about having a good time, drugs, and peace/love -Their loyal fans were known as "Deadheads" -They were one of the 1st jam bands. Their concerts lasted for hours and they usually improvised a lot of their material. -Lived communicably like Jefferson Airplane; known for jam sessions and cult following -Jerry Garcia was leader -"Truckin'" (1970)
