Module 14: Infancy and Childhood

Olivia and Abigail are sisters. Olivia began walking when she was 10 months old. Their mother can expect Abigail to begin walking at what age?

10 months

After Nadia learned that penguins cannot fly, she had to modify her existing concept of birds. This BEST illustrates the process of:

accommodation.

In Piaget's theory, the process of fitting new experiences into existing schemas is called _____. The process of adjusting ideas to make room for new information is called _____.

assimilation; accommodation

In round figures, the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder is just over 1 in _____ children.

70

_____ is the orderly sequence of biological growth.

Maturation

Yun Hee lives in New York and is concerned about her daughter, who will be 1 year old next week. Her baby is not walking yet, and Yun Hee's family is starting to comment on this. Should she be worried?

No, she should not worry. Only 50 percent of all babies in the United States are walking within a week after their first birthday.

Anatoli and Andrei are 11-month-old identical twins. Anatoli took his first steps yesterday. How soon will Andrei take his first steps?

Probably within a day; identical twins generally begin walking on nearly the same day.

A(n) _____ period is an optimal time early in the life of an organism for exposure to certain stimuli.

critical

Boris was raised in a Russian orphanage where he was given minimal care. At age 6, he was adopted by a loving American family. As he matures, it is MOST likely that Boris will:

display anxiety.

Clay is hiding under his blanket so that he is invisible. He believes that if he cannot see his parents they cannot see him. Clay is demonstrating:

egocentrism.

Mike is watching a Disney movie with his son Jason. Jason likes the movie so much that he becomes excited and stands in front of the television. Mike asks Jason to move so that he can see the television. Jason doesn't move. Jason is demonstrating:

egocentrism.

Latoya is 3 years old and her favorite book is Are You My Mother?, a short story about a baby bird who hatches while his mother is away. The baby bird then leaves the nest in search of his mother. The baby bird follows the first thing he sees. When he is told that it is not his mother, he then begins to follow the second thing he sees, and so forth. Which of these attachment concepts is an aspect of this story?

imprinting

Carolyn Rovee-Collier's research on infants revealed that:

infants remember specific associations.

Tom rarely acts nervous in strange situations and pays little attention to whether his mother is present or absent. Tom would MOST likely be classified as having a(n) ______ attachment style.

insecure

Which description is matched with the correct parenting style?

responsive, demanding — authoritative

Mary's inability to toilet train her 10-month-old infant is MOST likely due to:

the lack of necessary maturation.