Module 5
What is the maximum supported bandwidth for a Category 5 twisted-pair cable specified under TIA/EIA-568 standards?
100 Mbps (Fast Ethernet)
As a network engineer, you have been tasked to form a Gigabit Ethernet for connecting a data center with a data closet in an office building. Identify which of the following fiber Ethernet standards would you apply in this situation.
1000BASE-LX A physical layer standard for networks that specifies 1-Gbps transmission over fiber-optic cable using baseband transmission. The LX represents its reliance on long wavelengths of 1300 nanometers.
Mr. Anderson had to set up an Ethernet network segment that can transmit data at a bandwidth of 1000 Mbps and cover a distance of 2000 m per segment. The available fiber-optic cable in the market was an SMF cable. Analyze and discuss which of the following fiber Ethernet standards he should follow under such circumstances.
1000BASE-LX A physical layer standard for networks that specifies 1-Gbps transmission over fiber-optic cable using baseband transmission. The LX represents its reliance on long wavelengths of 1300 nanometers. Max trans bandwidth = 1000Mbps Max distance = 550m MMF, 5000m SMF.
Pocso Group of Institutions has hired you to set up a LAN connection so that the students in the hostel can easily avail the prerecorded classes. These classes are provided through video lectures on the desktops situated at the common rooms for each hostel within the campus. Which of the following standards will you apply to provide the fastest transmission for their requirement?
10GBASE-T
Identify the core of an RG-6 coaxial cable.
18 AWG A type of coaxial cable with an impedance of 75 ohms and an 18 AWG core conductor. RG-6 is used for television, satellite, and broadband cable connections.
You are a network engineer who is working on a very busy network and is concerned why the actual throughput is less than the potential bandwidth. The total signal strength has been estimated to be 1000 watts, and the estimated loss of signal due to noise has been calculated to be 6 dB. What is the throughput that is being received at the moment as per your calculations, keeping the 3-dB rule in mind?
250 Watts 3-dB Rule: *General rule, a loss of 3 dB between transmitter and receiver indicates the signal has lost half its power. *A loss of 3 dB on a 10-watt signal means the signal arrives at 5 watts. *A loss of 3dB on a 1000-watt signal means the signal arrives at 500 watts. *A 1000-watt signal with a 6dB loss arrives at 250 watts.
With which of the following pin numbers would you associate a white/orange T568A color Fast Ethernet function?
3
Which of the following terms refers to the amount of data you can theoretically transmit during a given period of time?
Bandwidth
You have been getting complaints about slow speed from one of your clients. You decide to visit the site to have a look, and you notice that the RJ-45 connector has been tampered with as a result of which there are network fluctuations. These fluctuations are taking place as the pins in the connectors are bent. Which of the following tools will you use to push the pins inside the RJ-45 connector?
Cable Crimper
While setting up a network segment, you want to check the functionality of a cable before putting connectors on them. You also want to measure the termination point or damage in the cable. Which of the following tools would you use to identify this?
Cable Performance Tester A troubleshooting tool that tests cables for continuity, but can also measure crosstalk, attenuation, and impedance; identify the location of faults; and store or print cable testing results. Also called line tester, certifier, or network tester.
You are setting up a network connection that can transmit up to 10 Gbps with a maximum frequency of 500 MHz. However, you do not want to disrupt the previous cabling equipment as it will increase the cost. Which of the TIA/EIA 568 standard twisted-pair cables will you use to carry out this operation without having to go through the equipment changes?
Cat 6a (Augmented Category 6) A higher-grade version of Cat 6 wiring that further reduces attenuation and crosstalk, and allows for potentially exceeding traditional network segment length limits.
Mr. Furland was hired as a network engineer at Secret Eye Corporations that is running a security camera outlet. While setting up a camera at one of the sites, he notices that the security camera has been mounted really high as a result of which there are no power receptacles to power up the device. So, Mr. Furland plans on powering these devices using an Ethernet cable. Which category of cable should he choose to power up the device?
Cat 7 (Category 7) A twisted-pair cable that contains multiple wire pairs, each separately shielded then surrounded by another layer of shielding within the jacket, allowing throughput up to 100 Gbps at very short distances. Cat 7 is not included in the TIA/EIA standards.
You have been tasked to set up a 10GBASE-T standard Fast Ethernet for JJ Mills Corporation. While doing so, you have managed to follow all the specified standards, and the only thing left to do is to purchase and plug the twisted-cable pairs. Which of the following pairs of twisted cables will you use in this scenario?
Cat 7 (Category 7) A twisted-pair cable that contains multiple wire pairs, each separately shielded then surrounded by another layer of shielding within the jacket, allowing throughput up to 100 Gbps at very short distances. Cat 7 is not included in the TIA/EIA standards.
An Internet Service Provider has hired you to frame cables for a network connection using TIA/EIA standards so that it can transmit up to 10 Gbps or 40 Gbps at short distances. However, you do not want to disrupt the previous cabling equipment as it will increase the cost. Which of the TIA/EIA 568 standard twisted-pair cables will you use to carry out this operation without having to go through the equipment changes?
Cat 8 (Category 8) A twisted-pair cable that relies on improved and extensive shielding and is optimized for short-distance backbone connections within the data center.
Netcom Solutions is an Internet Service Provider that has purchased a fresh wholesale bandwidth from network service provider GT&P. Netcom Solutions has been using duplex technologies running through copper wires for its distribution. It now wants to upgrade to multiplexing technologies using fiber-optic cables so that it can allow multiple signals to travel simultaneously. Analyze which of the following types of multiplexing technologies Netcom should choose in this situation for its connection with GT&P so that it can operate with more channels.
DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) or (Dense WDM) A multiplexing technique used over single-mode or multimode fiber-optic cable in which each signal is assigned a different wavelength for its carrier wave.
Mr. Walker plans on manufacturing a new line of twisted-pair cables for Ethernet Networks. To do so and to compete with the other brands circulating in the market, he has to get his cable qualified as per certain standards. Which of the following points should he emphasize to get his cable TIA/EIA certified?
Effective Throughput Throughput: The amount of data that a medium transmits during a given period of time. Throughput is usually measured in Mbps (Megabits Per Second, which is 1 million bits) or Gbps (Gigabits Per Second).
You are a network administrator for an ISP that wants to increase the amount of data that can be transmitted within the given bandwidth. For this purpose, you decide to use multiplexing technologies so that you can modulate the signals into different frequencies that can travel simultaneously over a single channel only to be demultiplexed at the other end. Which of the following multiplexing types will you use in this case?
FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing) A type of multiplexing that assigns a unique frequency band to each communications subchannel. Signals are modulated with different carrier frequencies and then multiplexed to simultaneously travel over a single channel.
You are working as a network administrator for an ISP. You receive a complaint about fluctuations in the network speed despite using a fiber-optic cable. On checking the situation, you are of the opinion that you will need to cut a clean slice through the fiber strands. Which of the following kits should you carry for this purpose?
Fiber Cleaver
Mr. Chadwick has recently set up a network connection for a client wherein he made a transition between an SMF and an MMF cable using a fusion splicer. Around a week later, the client calls him up and raises a concern about fluctuations in the network. Mr. Chadwick decides to conduct an on-site inspection, and he gets to know that the reason behind the fluctuation is that the transmission has not traversed successfully. Analyze which common fiber problem Mr. Chadwick is referring to in this case.
Fiber Type Mismatch Actually more like "Fiber Core Mismatch". Connecting an SMF cable to an MMF cable will prevent the transmission from traversing the connection successfully, though some of the signal can get through. However, even same-mode cables can be mismatched if the cores have different widths. A cable with 50-micron core, for example, should not be connected to a cable with a 62.5-micron core, even though they're both MMF.
You are working as a network engineer for an ISP. A ticket has been raised that states that the SMF (single mode fiber) and the MMF (multimode fiber) cables have come apart at the FDP (fiber distribution panel). On checking the situation, you realize that you will need to melt the tips of the two fibers together so that light can pass cleanly through the joint. Which of the following kits will you require in this scenario?
Fusion Splicer
Which of the following prefixes would you allot for a quantity of 1,000,000,000 bits per second?
Giga
The University of Pochinki scheduled a webinar for the students belonging to the law department. The webinar had professionals participating from various parts of the state. However, once the webinar started, a lot of participants sent messages claiming that the video transmission was repeatedly jumping around. The university called in its network administrator to take a look at the situation. Analyze what might have been the issue here.
Jitter A transmission flaw caused by packets experiencing varying amounts of delay and arriving out of order. Also called PDV (Packet Delay Variation).
Josh is a new trainee at TT&P who has been sent to a client location to patch up cables connecting the switch to the data center. While doing so, Josh is unable to decide which connector to consider while connecting the ferrules of an SMF cable that measures 1.25 mm. Analyze and suggest which of the following connectors Josh should opt for under the circumstances so that there are minimum back reflections.
LC (Local Connector) The most common 1.25-mm ferrule connector, which is used with single-mode, fiber-optic cable. Full-Duplex
Which of the following is not a characteristic of fiber cable?
Low Cost
As a network administrator, you have to deal with a situation where an Ethernet segment leading from your company's data center uses fiber-optic cable to connect to a workgroup switch that only accepts twisted-pair (copper) cable. In this case, which of the following would you use to interconnect the switch with the fiber-optic cable?
Media Converter
You are a network administrator, and you want to verify that a cable is properly conducting electricity so that its signal can travel unimpeded from one node on a network to another. Which of the following tools would you use to identify this while setting up the network segment?
Multimeter A simple instrument that can measure multiple characteristics of an electric circuit, including its resistance, voltage, and impedance.
Which of the following tools measures the amount of light power transmitted on a fiber-optic line?
OPM (Optical Power Meter) Also called a "Fiber Light Meter". A device that measures the amount of light power transmitted on a fiber-optic line.
Mr. Lowe is a network administrator who plans on purchasing a switch that will be the part of a network for a new fast-growing fast-food joint named Momos & More (M&M). The team at M&M has specifically told Mr. Lowe that even though the current need of the network is two fiber-optic connections, it is planning on a significant expansion in the coming years. This expansion will include a fiber-optic connectivity to every desktop in the organization. Analyze what Mr. Lowe should do in this situation.
Order switches that allow upgradeable interfaces
You have successfully followed the cabling procedures for a new network connection at a primary school. The only task left is to connect the administrative computer to the console port of the router. Which of the following cables will you choose to connect the console port of the router to the computer?
Rollover Cable
RT&T is a world-renowned ISP that has hired you as a contractor for a cross-country network cabling project for its upcoming new FiberNet package. Through this package, it plans on providing high-speed Internet to consumers. Which of the following cables will you choose to carry out this large-scale project?
SMF (Single Mode Fiber) A type of fiber-optic cable with a narrow core of 8 to 10 microns in diameter that carries light pulses along a single path from one end of the cable to the other.
You have been hired by Radio 995.5 to establish a fast and effective network connection so that the signals are least affected by latency, noise, and attenuation. Which of the following would you choose in this scenario so that there is no failed or slow transmission for the radio network?
Simplex Signals may travel in only one direction, and this is sometimes called one-way, or unidirectional, communication. Broadcast radio and garage door openers are examples of SIMPLEX transmissions.
You, as a network engineer, have been sent to insert twisted pairs into an RJ-45 T568B for a newly set up network at Delta Innovations. Which of the following cables will you use in this scenario to connect the workstation to a switch?
Straight-Through Cable (Patch Cable) A twisted-pair patch cable in which the wire terminations in both connectors follow the same scheme.
Which of the following multiplexing types divides a channel into multiple intervals of time, or time slots?
TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) A method of multiplexing that assigns a time slot in the flow of communications to every node on the network and , in that time slot, carries data from that node.
The IT department at Zatar Airways has complained of a faulty fiber-optic cable as a result of which there are connectivity issues in the organization. You, as a senior technician, are planning on an on-site visit to examine the defects of the cable. Which of the following tools must you carry along so that the defects are detected?
TDR (Time Domain Reflectometer) A high-end instrument for testing the qualities of a cable.
Which of the following cables consists of one or more insulated wire pairs encased in a plastic sheath?
UTP Cable
Which of the following multiplexing technologies would you use with fiber-optic cable?
WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) A multiplexing technique in which each signal on a fiber-optic cable is assigned a different wavelength, which equates to its own subchannel.
The Embassy of New Zealand has hired you to set up some patch cables that are to be used at its immigration office. What color wire will you insert into the third pin of an RJ-45 plug in such an establishment?
White/Orange
Which of the following transceivers supports up to 10 Gbps?
XFP (10 Gigabit Small Form-Factor Pluggable) A type of SFP that can send and receive data at rates of up to 10 Gbps. SFP = Small Form-Factor Pluggable
Monica, a network engineer at J&K Infotech Solutions, has been contracted by a small firm to set up a network connection. The requirement of the network backbone for the connection is of a couple of switches needing fiber-optic connections that might be upgraded later. Which of the following transceivers should Monica use when the maximum transmission speed is of 8 Gbps?
XFP (10 Gigabit Small Form-Factor Pluggable) A type of STP that can send and receive data at rates of up to 10 Gbps.
