MS2 Wk 5 Quiz
What are characteristics of gingivitis? A: Formation of abscesses with loosening of teeth B: Caused by upper respiratory tract viral infection C: Shallow, painful vesicular ulcerations of lips and mouth D: Infectious ulcers of mouth and lips as a result of systemic disease
A
A patient who has been vomiting for several days from an unknown cause is admitted to the hospital. What should the nurse anticipate will first be included in interprofessional care? A: Oral administration of broth and tea B: IV replacement of fluid and electrolytes C: Administration of parenteral antiemetics D: Insertion of a nasogastric (NG) tube for suction
B
A patient with a gunshot wound to the abdomen complains of increasing abdominal pain several hours after surgery to repair the bowel. What action should the nurse take first? A: Notify the HCP. B: Assess the patient's vital signs. C: Position the patient with the knees flexed. D: Determine the patient's IV intake since the end of surgery.
B
A patient with oral cancer has a history of heavy smoking, excessive alcohol intake, and personal neglect. During the patient's early postoperative course, what does the nurse anticipate that the patient may need? A: Oral nutritional supplements B: Drug therapy to prevent substance withdrawal symptoms C: Counseling about lifestyle changes to prevent recurrence of the tumor D: Less pain medication because of cross-tolerance with central nervous system (CNS) depressants
B
In which patient situation would therapeutic hypothermia be instituted in the ED? A: 48-yr-old male found unconscious by neighbors; on ED arrival, he is moaning and moving all extremities B: 62-yr-old man defibrillated by emergency medical technicians (EMTs); on ED arrival, he is not responsive, although his heart rhythm and blood pressure (BP) are stable C: 30-yr-old female who suffered heat exhaustion following a marathon; on ED arrival, she is hypotensive and extremely diaphoretic with a temperature of 102.6°F (39.2°C) D: 38-yr-old female found face down in her bathtub; she has a history of seizures; on ED arrival, she is responsive to pain only and she was intubated by paramedics with evidence of pulmonary edema; her pulse oximetry is 91%
B
What nursing intervention is performed during the "E" step of the primary survey? A: Obtain full set of vital signs. B: Remove the patient's clothing and assess. C: Elicit history and head-to-toe assessment. D: Elicit history and head-to-toe assessment.
B
A patient is brought to the ED following a skiing accident after which he was not found for several hours. He is rigid and has slowed respiratory and heart rates. What should the nurse do first during the primary assessment of the patient? A: Initiate active core rewarming interventions. B: Monitor the core temperature via the axillary route. C: Manage and maintain ABCs (airway, breathing, circulation). D: Expose the patient to check for areas of frostbite and other injuries.
C
A patient is scheduled for biopsy of a painful tongue ulcer. Based on knowledge of risk factors for oral cancer, what should the nurse specifically ask the patient about during a history? A: Excessive exposure to sunlight B: Recurrent herpes simplex infections C: Use of any type of tobacco products D: Difficulty swallowing and pain in the ear
C
A patient returns to the surgical unit with a nasogastric (NG) tube to low intermittent suction, IV fluids, and a Jackson-Pratt drain at the surgical site following an exploratory laparotomy and repair of a bowel perforation. Four hours after admission, the patient experiences nausea and vomiting. What is a priority nursing intervention for the patient? A: Assess the abdomen for distention and bowel sounds. B: Inspect the surgical site and drainage in the Jackson-Pratt C: Check the characteristics of gastric drainage and the patency of the NG tube. D: Administer prescribed ondansetron (Zofran) to control the nausea and vomiting.
C
In assessing the emergency patient's health history, what information is obtained with the use of the mnemonic SAMPLE? A: Skin, anatomy of injuries, mucous membranes, peripheral edema, leukocytosis, eczema location B: Stiffness, approximate weight, motor function, palpable swelling, labored breathing, edema severity C: Symptoms, allergies, medications, past health history, last meal, and events/environment leading to the illness or injury D: Sentience, abdominal sounds, memory loss, people exposed to, last medication, earliest availability of past medical records
C
Serologic findings in viral hepatitis include both the presence of viral antigens and antibodies produced in response to the viruses. What laboratory result indicates that the nurse is immune to HBV after vaccination? A: Anti-HBc IgG B: Surface antigen HBs Ag C: Surface antibody anti-HBs D: Core antigen anti-HBc IgM
C
The nurse identifies a need for additional teaching when a patient with acute infectious diarrhea makes which statement? A: "I can use A&D ointment or Vaseline jelly around the anal area to protect my skin." B: "Gatorade is a good liquid to drink because it replaces the fluid and salts I have lost." C: "I may use over-the-counter loperamide or paregoric when I need to control the diarrhea." D: "I must wash my hands after every bowel movement to prevent spreading the diarrhea to my family."
C
The nurse should teach the patient with chronic constipation that which food has the highest dietary fiber? A: Peach B: Popcorn C: Dried beans D: Shredded wheat
C
The patient has a diagnosis of a biliary obstruction from gallstones. What type of jaundice is the patient experiencing, and what serum bilirubin results would be expected? A: Hemolytic jaundice with normal conjugated bilirubin B: Post-hepatic icterus with decreased un-conjugated bilirubin C: Obstructive jaundice with elevated un-conjugated and conjugated bilirubin D: Hepato-cellular jaundice with decreased conjugated bilirubin in severe disease
C
What heat-related emergency would the healthy athlete with inadequate fluid intake be most likely to experience after exercise? A: Heatstroke B: Heat attack C: Heat cramps D: Heat exhaustion
C
A 22-yr-old patient calls the outpatient clinic complaining of nausea and vomiting and right lower abdominal pain. What should the nurse advise the patient to do? A: Use a heating pad to relax the muscles at the site of the pain. B: Drink at least 2 quarts of juice to replace the fluid lost in vomiting. C: Take a laxative to empty the bowel before examination at the clinic. D: Have the symptoms evaluated right away by a HCP at a hospital's ED.
D
Although HAV antigens are not tested in the blood, they stimulate specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. Which antibody indicates there is acute HAV infection? A: Anti-HBc IgG B: Anti-HBc IgM C: Anti-HAV IgG D: Anti-HAV IgM
D
During the primary survey, the nurse identified asymmetric chest wall movement in the patient. What intervention should the nurse do first? A: Check a central pulse. B: Stabilize the cervical spine. C: Apply direct pressure to the wound. D: Administer bag-mask ventilation with 100% oxygen.
D
In instituting a bowel training program for a patient with fecal incontinence, what should the nurse plan to do first? A: Teach the patient to use a perianal pouch. B: Insert a rectal suppository at the same time every morning. C: Place the patient on a bedpan 30 minutes before breakfast. D: Assist the patient to the bathroom at the time of the patient's normal defecation
D
Ondansetron (Zofran) is prescribed for a patient with cancer chemotherapy-induced vomiting. What should the nurse understand about this drug? A: It is a derivative of cannabis and has a potential for abuse. B: It has a strong antihistamine effect that provides sedation and induces sleep. C: It is used only when other therapies are ineffective because of side effects of anxiety and hallucinations. D: It relieves vomiting centrally by action in the vomiting center and peripherally by promoting gastric emptying.
D
The occurrence of acute liver failure is most common in which situation? A: An individual with hepatitis A B: An individual with hepatitis C C: Antihypertensive medication use D: Use of acetaminophen with alcohol abuse
D
The patient returned from a 6-week mission trip to Somalia with complaints of nausea, malaise, fatigue, and achy muscles. Which type of hepatitis is this patient most likely to have contracted? A: Hepatitis B (HBV) B: Hepatitis C (HCV) C: Hepatitis D (HDV) D: Hepatitis E (HEV)
D
What causes the systemic effects of viral hepatitis? A: Toxins produced by the infected liver B: Impaired portal circulation from fibrosis C: Cholestasis from chemical hepatotoxicity D: Complement system activation by antigen-antibody complexes
D
What physiologically occurs with vomiting? A: The acid-base imbalance most commonly associated with persistent vomiting is metabolic acidosis caused by loss of bicarbonate. B: Stimulation of the vomiting center by the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) is commonly caused by stretch and distention of hollow organs. C: Vomiting requires the coordination of activities of structures including the glottis, respiratory expiration, relaxation of the pylorus, and closure of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). D: Immediately before the act of vomiting, activation of the parasympathetic nervous system causes increased salivation, increased gastric motility, and relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES).
D
What should the nurse do during rewarming of a patient's toes that have suffered deep frostbite? A: Apply sterile dressings to blisters. B: Place the feet in a cool water bath. C: Massage the digits to increase circulation. D: Ensure that IV analgesics are administered.
D
