MUS 236
Parlando rubato was identified by this composer and refers to the speech-like style where words are accented or stressed while also using a good deal of give-and-take in the rhythmic structure.
Bela Bartok
Kong Fuzi or Master Kong had the greatest impact on Chinese thinking and related music to having positive and negative powers - he was known to the Western part of the world as
Confucius, founder of philosophy
Hogaku refers to traditional Japanese music. A form of Hogaku is found in the Japanese style of _________ theater where dance is very important as well as musicians. The music performed can be seen in two groups of musicians the degatari who perform onstage and the_________ who perform offstage.
Kabuki, geza
This composition element of Carnatic Music style is divided into three parts
Kriti, divided into 3 compositional parts: pallavi, anupallavi, and caranam
the tuning system for Javanse instruments which includes a 5-note scale called slendro and a 7-note scale called pelog
Laras
refers to this instrument, introduced in the music "Nhemamusaa" from the Sub Saharan African country of Zimbabwe
Mbira
musicians who traveled to different places like busy urban environments, courts, and fairs learning new styles and song selections
Minnesingers
In the Noh theater when the uta (songs) are performed in the lower vocal range. It is called
Sageuta
Indonesian shadow play accompanied by gamelan music
Wayang Kulit
Almost all qin compositions are made up of several parts: Sanqi, Rudiao, Ruman and
Weisheng, creating tail sounds
The Pygmies of the Ituri Forest are nomadic and this affects the instruments they use within their musical activities. Which instrument does not get used by the Pygmy people
mbiras, mbiras are not part of Pygmy instruments, but instead are performed by the Shona of Zimbabwe.
Themes in Middle Eastern and North African music include modal organization, music and affect, dynamic relationship between music and religion and
musical experiences and contributions of migrants and minorities in the region
when there are two or more melodic parts sounding at the same time, this could be a voice and a guitar, or several voices sounding together
polyphonic
Improvisation of vocal pieces based on classical Arabic poetic forms of the same name is called
qasida
A type of chordophone used in Hindustani music is
sitar
Music of the Carnatic people represent this region of India
southern
Improvisation and the voice is an important element in musics of the Middle East and North Africa. A popular solo instrumental improvisation is called the
taqsim
A string quartet is made up of these 4 instruments that shows the social and musical equality of the contemporary time period.
2 violins, viola, and violincello (cello)
A virtuosic performer of Carnatic music is Ravi Shankar T/F
False, Ravi Shankar(1920-2012), sitar player grew in popularity for his ability, compositions and influence of the sitar. He collaborated with other artists such as the Beatles and toured giving concerts, making him popular outside of his home country of India, raised and schooled in the tradition of the Hindustani region and music.
The Wenchang term refers to the instrumental group that creates the dramatic rhythmic patterns in the Peking Opera T/F
False, the Wenchang does not create dramatic rhythm patterns, the different types of drums, gongs and cymbals do this - which are part of the Wuchang (all percussion group of instruments)
The instrument tabla is a string instrument from the Hindustani people of India T/F
False, the tabla is a type of percussion instrument, drum that is used for the rhythmic beats performed in a Tala
efers to "elegant or refined music", the choral and instrumental music and dance used by the imperial court for more than one thousand years. It is influenced by the ancient music of China, Korea and Sinicized Indian music. When Gagaku accompanies dance it is known as bugaku.
Gagaku
The musical ritual ceremony celebrated by Sufis in North Africa where they begin singing in unison (on same pitch) is
Hadra
refers to the musical accompaniment of ecstatic shaman rituals based on the traditional rhythmic patterns that is also common in most Korean traditional music. It's main characteristic being in the time signature of 12/8.
Jangdan, refers to the traditional patterns of rhythm present in the musical accompaniment of the Shaman rituals.
What event made a profound effect on the development of modern Chinese music?
No answer text provided
a genre of Indonesian popular music
Dangdut
Another type of Hogaku (traditional Japanese music), deeply influenced by Zen Buddhism and use of uta performed by the main actors and chorus in this Japanese style of _______ theater. It combines various folk dances, musical theater stagings, religious and courtly entertainment of medieval times originating in the early 14th century.
Noh
The mood and feelings are expressed in the ____ theater where the choral singing is called ________ which has two basic styles of heightened speech style called kotoba (the words) and the aria called fushi (melody). Within the fushi there are soft and louder stronger dynamics used while singing which helps to bring out the scenes with warlike or masculine characteristics.
Noh, Yokyoku
also called Gypsies, this community of people's music was unique in style and not related to the national and political boundaries where they would live
Roma
Jingju Theater and Peking Opera are similar referring to the same type of music performed T/F
True, Jingju is translates as the theater of the capital and in the early 20th century U.S. reporters called it Peking Opera as a performance troupe came through the U.S. performing the Jingju. So yes, these are the same.
When referring to a common drum used in Korean music the following is a Korean drum:
Janggo
The ensemble of Gagaku is made up of percussion, strings and winds instruments. The hichiriki, kagura - bue, ryuteki, koma-bue, and sho are all part of the _____ instrument group and make up the heart of the gagaku ensemble, similar to how the strings family makes up an important role in the Western symphony orchestra.
Winds, The hichiriki (oboe), kagura-bue (6-holed bamboo flute), ryuteki (7-holed bamboo flute of Chinese origin; the largest of the gagku flutes), koma-bue (6-holed flute of Korean origin), Sho (mouth organ) are all part of the Winds instrument group. When listening to the music excerpt Netori and Etenraku in Hyojo you can hear the important role played by the wind instruments
The music of the koto and the shamisen best represent the music of the Edo period. The koto and shamisen are
a long zither with thirteen strings and three stringed, and a long-necked, fretless lute)
Shaminism can be divided into two kinds: ectastatic/spirit and
hereditary, herditary shaminism is common in the South and eastern part of Korea.
This music has traits of nationalistic implications, the rhythm is dance like using tempo giusto and only occasionally uses a pentatonic scale are all commonly found in the New Style Hungarian Folk Song T/F
True, New Hungarian Folks Song has characteristics of pentatonic scales occasionally used, rhythm is not speech like but dancelike known as tempo giusto and has influence of being nationalistic by having influence of popular music - especially that of Hungary's popular genres of music from the 19th century.
The ragam-tanam-pallavi represents music of the Carnatic music tradition where performers use a type of improvisation used as an individual part of a concert and it is also the second most important organization framework for Carnatic music
True, This ragam-tanam-pallavi usually follows after the kriti is performed (kriti is a major song type of Carnatic music)
Gamelan music can accompany ritual, spiritual, governmental, dramatic, and social functions such as Wayang Kulit T/F
True, Wayang Kulit is an example of puppet theater performances
The gūshe contains melodic phrases that have main musical pieces of persian dastgah that are improvised, shorter or longer used for vocal or instrumental improvisations T/F
True, the Persians use the gūshe as an element of the mode dastgah elaborating improvisations for vocal or instrumental medium.
The Wuchang portion of the Peking opera refers to the instruments used which all represent percussion T/F
True, the Wuchang portion is one of two parts making up the instrumental ensemble using percussion instruments.
Pansori is a genre of Korean music that branched out of the Shaman culture. It includes a singer and a percussion accompanist using the buk (barrel drum) T/F
True, the singer holds onto a fan and improvises and moves while the accompanist plays the buk. This is very animated and story telling as the singing is inspired from a long tale of Korean folklore.
Wuchang in Jingju contains at least 60 rhythmic patterns each having a name and specific syllabic pattern T/F
True, there are 5 principal percussion instruments that combine in different ways creating dramatic environments (suspense or moods)
Tarab, the listening of traditional Arab music may be felt emotionally and transforming for the listener to participate with stillness, reflection, verbal exclamations, hand-clapping, or crying T/F
True, there is no 'english' translation of this word but Tarab is mainly associated with urban musics of cities like Cairo, Damascus, Aleppo, Jerusalem and Beirut.
The majority of shamans are female however it is not uncommon for them to wear male clothing to portray a male spirit that is possessing them during the ritual T/F
True, this is true in both types of shaminism the majority of shamans are female and in ecstatic rituals they are often wearing male clothing representing male spirits.
referring to music at the end of the 18th century, this is a folk song in European societies
Volkslied
the listening example "Black" is an example of this type of music
Volkstumlich
Samulnori is an example of percussion music that
acts as a new type of percussion music performed for the stage inspired from farmers' band traditions and the travelling entertainers who used traditions of namsadang (traveling troups)
refers to the organization of fixed beats within gamelan music where various metallaphone instruments perform at particular places in the music
colotomic structure
The type of percussion traditions existing for Farmers' percussion and dance bands are found in the dance genre called pungmul. Many of these processions include 4 main instruments
gwaengwari, jing, janggo and buk, The ggawaengwari - small gong, jing - large gong, janggo - hourglass - shaped drum, and buk - barrel drum are the four main instruments making up the typical procession of the pungmul percussion/dance band performance.
refers pitches occurring between 2 or more sound sources ultimately creating a single melody or part also known as a hocket
interlocking
The ____ is a discrete rhyhmic cycle defined by the structural relationship of dum(low sound of drum), tek (high sound of drum) and ess (rest or silence).
iqa
Modes are important in the music represented of the Middle Eastern region. These modes are best represented by
melodic and rhythmic frameworks
Noh theatre has a hayashi which is a name for ensembles for flute and drums. These include the ko-tsuzumi, o-tsuzumi, taiko and the flute called the
nohkan, the nohkan is a unique flute made of bamboo but instead of just dried bamboo it is a tube split lengthwise into strips which go through a process of being turned inside out, wrapped with cherry bark then lacquered. It has a unique sound and can achieve a high piercing sound making it stand out within the Noh music ensemble.
Hindustani music of India typically represents this region of the country
northern
refers to repeated patterns rhythmic or melodic cycles basically presented over and over again
ostinato
refers to many melodic parts taking place at the same time
polyphony
refers to a group of nomadic people who frequently travel from place to place, making the Ituri Forest a place for hunting and gathering
pygmies
Music of the Chinese have been used as a way to express joy and sadness in spiritual or religious reflections. Music is also used to help create emotion or moods in events such as
rituals, weddings, funerals, festivals
This type of improvisation is rooted in shamanist inspired improvisations on melodies literally meaning 'scattered melodies'
sanjo, This genre called sanjo has one melodic instrument that is accompanied by the janggo (hourglass drum) and follows an improvised increased tempo with a lot of development of melodic exploration and various pitches and modes within the music.
one of two distinct functions found on gamelan music, similarly called balungan
skeletal melody
Māqam is best defined as
the type of melodic mode used in the eastern Arab world
The following is an important principle of Korean traditional folk music
the use of varying tempo that changes depending on the genre of Korean music, the use of musical accompaniment like a drum of the janggo using four main beats that are divided into three, and an acceleration of rhythmic patterns and sudden closures to music expressing transformation of the music during a Shaman ceremony
Heterophonic music occurs in the Jiangnan sizhu which is when
two or more people play the same melody but make things up on the spot using embellishments on the melody, creating a unique performance each time
The Qirā' is unique from the Qurān in that the Qirā' is
when the Qurān is read aloud using chanting or sung in a melodic fashion
Melismatic singing refers to
when the text is sung using multiple notes or pitches on a single syllable
The following instrument is an instrument member of the Wenchang ensemble
yue qin, a string instrument member of the Wenchang melodic group of instruments.
