Muscular System Test Review

Aponeruosis a. connective tissue that attach muscle to a bone b. a broad sheet of collagen fibers that connects muscles to each other. similar to bones, but do not connect to a bone c. muscle used for inhalation for breath

a broad sheet of collagen fibers that connects muscles to each other. similar to bones, but do not connect to a bone

The deltoid acts to a. adduct the arm. b. flex the wrist. c. laterally rotate the shoulder. d. abduct the arm e. medially rotate the shoulder.

abduct the arm

Which filiament is a thin twisted protein that contains specific active sites ? a. Actin b. Myosin c. Tropomysin d. Troponin

actin

Myofibrils are made primarily of __________. a. troponin b. ATP and ADP c. actin and myosin d. tropomyosin

actin and myosin

The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from a. actin and myosin arrangement on the sarcomere b. the sarcoplasmic reticulum. c. the transverse tubule pattern. d. the shape of the epimysium

actin and myosin arrangement on the sarcomere

Which of the following terms is a descriptive word for a muscle's action ? a. costalis b. biceps c. insertion d. adductor

adductor

Which of the following terms is a descriptive word for a muscle's action? a. adductor b. obliques c. biceps d. costalis

adductor

What type of endurance is gained from preforming increased amounts of brief, intense workouts. Such as sprinting or weightlifting. a. Anaerobic endurance b. Aerobic endurance

anaerobic endurance

What is the indicated structure? a. Fast fibers b. Actin c. Aponeruosis d. Myoglobin

aponeruosis

A skeletal muscle that is not regularly stimulated by a motor neuron will become smaller and weaker; such as in those individuals that are paralyzed by spinal injuries. The term used when this occurs to the muscles is _______________. a. isotonic b. glycolysis c. contraction d. atrophy

atrophy

Tendon a. attach muscle to muscle (in some areas) b. thin filament c. attach muscle to bone d. thick filament

attach muscle to bone

Aponeruosis a. attach muscle to muscle (in some areas) b. thin filament c. attach muscle to bone d. thick filament

attach muscle to muscle (in some areas)

The muscle that flexes the knee a. pectoralis major b. Digastric c. Biceps femoris d. Flexor digitorium

biceps femoris

choose the 3 muscles that make up the hamstring group a. biceps femoris b. triceps brachii c. semimembranosus d. semitendinosus e. tibialis anterior

biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus

Rigor mortis occurs at death due to a lack of a. destruction of tropomyosin b. increased presence of ADP within the sarcoplasm c. muscle relaxation at time of death. d. blood circulation to move Calcium ions out of the cell.

blood circulation to move calcium ions out of the cell

In infants, which muscle produces suction for suckling at the breast ? a. masseter b. levator labii c. orbicularis oris d. buccinator

buccinator

The muscle that compresses the cheeks, as when pursing the lips and blowing forcefully, is the ________. a. buccinator b. zygomaticus minor c. orbicularis oris d. masseter

buccinator

How do skeletal muscles produce movement ? a. By supporting the muscles of t he abdominal wall. b. By producing contractions, where energy is converted to body heat. c. By contracting sphincter muscles. d. By pulling on tendons that then moves bones.

by pulling on tendons that then move bones

"anaerobic endurance" a. does not promote muscle growth b. is developed by performing frequent, brief, intense workouts c. is used during long, slow athletic activities d. is determined by the availability of carbohydrates, lipids or amino acids for breakdown

is developed by performing frequent, brief, intense workouts

A sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of striated muscle fibers is called __________. a. perimysium b. sarcoplasmic reticulum c. endomysium d. epimysium

perimysium

Specific name for the plasma membrane of the myofiber. a. sarcoplasm b. myofibril c. T tubule d. sarcolemma

sarcolemma

The area between the Z lines is the _________. a. myofilament b. sarcolemma c. myofibril d. sarcomere

sarcomere

The muscle that inserts with the gastrocnemius to the calcaneus, via the calcaneal tendon, is the a. extensor digitorum. b. soleus. c. tibialis anterior. d. tibialis posterior.

soleus

What muscle types guard the enterance and exits of the body ? a. T tubules b. skeletal c. sphincters d. abdominal muscles

sphincters

Which of the following acts to flex the neck? a. tibialis anterior. b. triceps brachii c. sternocleidomastoid d. supraspinatus

sternocleidomastoid

_________________ is the abductor of the shoulder a. Latissimus dorsi b. Supraspinatus c. Trapezius d. Triceps brachii

supraspinatus

Which muscle inserts on the clavicle and scapula? a. pectoralis major b. Buccinator c. sternocleidomastoid d. trapezius

trapezius

Which muscle extends the elbow during the action of push-ups? a. biceps brachii b. pectoralis major c. deltoid d. triceps brachii

triceps brachii

At rest, active sites of the actin are covered by a. troponin b. myosin c. testosterone d. tropomyosin

tropomyosin

_________ moves away from the active sites. a. Myosin b. Tropomyosin c. Cross-bridges d. Actin

tropomyosin

What creates "cross-bridges" a. Change of troponin shape b. When actin filaments slide c. When calcium binds to troponin d. When the myosin heads bind to the active sites

when the myosin heads bind to the active sites

Muscles dominated by fast fibers appear _________. a. white b. blue c. red d. purple

white

Which of the following describes the action of the trapezius? a. adducts and flexes the humerus b. provides medial rotation of the humerus c. elevates, adducts, depresses, or rotates the scapula d. adducts the arm

elevates, adducts, depresses, or rotates the scapula

A layer of collagen fibers that surrounds an entire muscle is called ________. a. sarcolemma b. perimysium c. endomysium d. epimysium

epimysium

rectus femoris: a. extends leg at the knee b. flexes leg at the knee c. extension at the ankle d. elevates the mandible

extends leg at the knee

gastrocnemius a. extends leg at the knee b. flexes leg at the knee c. extension at the ankle d. elevates the mandible

extension at the ankle

The following describes _______ type of skeletal muscle fibers. - Produce powerful contractions - Fatigue rapidly - Few mitocondria a. slow b. fast

fast

A muscle _________ contains a sarcolemma, sacroplasm and myofibrils a. T-tubule b. myofibril c. intercalated disc d. fiber

fiber

The orgin of the soleus is ________ and the insertion is __________ a. Scapula; humerus b. Maxillary/mandible; Orbicularis oris c. Ischium; ulna d. Fibula/tibia; calcaneus

fibula/tibia; calcaneus

biceps femoris: a. extends leg at the knee b. flexes leg at the knee c. extension at the ankle d. elevates the mandible

flexes leg at the knee

Which of the following muscles acts to flex the finger joints and wrist? a. flexor digitorum b. tensor fasciae latae c. semimembranosus d. flexor carpi ulnaris

flexor digitorum

Which muscle has an action of hip extension. a. Biceps brachii b. Gluteus maximus c. Masseter d. Rectus femoris

gluteus maximus

Consider the Sliding Filament Theory: Observed changes in the sarcomere. Which band or line gets smaller during a muscle contraction ? a. Myosin b. Z line c. I band d. H band

I band

________ allows for electrical stimuli sent from the brain, to reach deep into each fiber a. I band b. Z lines c. myofibrils d. T tubules

T tubules

What is the name of the areas circled in black ? a. Actin active sites b. Z lines c. I bands d. H bands

Z lines

After a contraction, the sarcomere will return to a resting state; which is a. Tropomyosin moves from the active sites b. Calcium ions bind to troponin. c. Latic acid builds in the muscle after oxygen depletion. d. Calcium ions deplete and troponin confirmation returns

calcium ions deplete and troponin confirmation returns

Active muscles generate ________. a. blood and sodium b. sodium and oxygen c. heat and oxygen d. carbon dioxide and heat

carbon dioxide and heat

Which of the following is characteristic of cardiac muscle? a. Cardiac muscle cells are involuntary b. Cardiac muscle fibers are faster than skeletal muscles. c. Cardiac muscle fibers are a mix of skeletal muscle and cardiac cells. d. Cardiac muscles are only made of fast fibers

cardiac muscle cells are involuntary

Tendon a. connective tissue that attach muscle to a bone b. a broad sheet of collagen fibers that connects muscles to each other. similar to bones, but do not connect to a bone c. muscle used for inhalation for breath

connective tissue that attach muscle to a bone

After death, rigor mortis lasts until a. Calcium ions flood the myofiber b. 24 hours after blood flow stops c. The body is buried d. Decomposition begins

decomposition begins

The supraspinatus assists the ______________ muscle. a. sarcolemma b. deltoid c. gastrocnemius d. flexor digitorum

deltoid

Which of the following muscles is named for its shape? a. biceps brachii b. pectoralis major c. deltoid. d. erector spinae

deltoid

Muscle used for inhalation of breath a. semimembranosus b. masseter c. sarcomere d. diaphragm

diaphragm

masseter a. extends leg at the knee b. flexes leg at the knee c. extension at the ankle d. elevates the mandible

elevates the mandible

The muscle that adducts the shoulder is the a. triceps brachii. b. latissimus dorsi. c. deltoid. d. trapezius.

latissimus dorsi

Which of the following is a muscle that originates from the zygomatic arch and functions in elevating the mandible? a. temporalis b. digastric c. masseter d. frontalis

masseter

Which statement regarding "heat loss" is true? a. Muscle contractions play an important role in the maintenance of normal body temperature. b. When skeletal muscles are contracting at peak levels, body temperature drops. c.Muscle activity does not generate heat. d. Shivering in a cold environment results in higher levels of heat loss.

muscle contractions play an important role in the maintenance of normal body temperature

Diaphragm a. connective tissue that attach muscle to a bone b. a broad sheet of collagen fibers that connects muscles to each other. similar to bones, but do not connect to a bone c. muscle used for inhalation for breath

muscle used for inhalation for breath

Muscles whose names contain the root cervi- would be found in the a. neck. b. head. c. abdomen. d. chest.

neck

The less-movable end of a skeletal muscle is the a. distial end. b. origin. c. insertion. d. belly.

origin

Which of the following statements describes how muscles help maintain homeostasis? a. Skeletal muscle contractions help maintain body temperature. b. Skeletal muscles are responsible for the pumping action of the heart. c. The contractions of skeletal muscles pull on tendons and move elements of the skeleton. d. Skeletal muscles are responsible for guarding the openings of the digestive and urinary tracts.

skeletal muscle contractions help maintain body temperature

Which statement regarding skeletal muscle is true? a. Skeletal muscles do not maintain body temperature. b. Skeletal muscles do not contain connective tissue. c. Skeletal muscles do not contain nervous tissue. d. Skeletal muscles contain blood vessels.

skeletal muscles contain blood vessels

An olympic long distance marathon winner most likely has an increase number of _______ muscle fibers. a. fast b. slow

slow

The following describes ___________ fibers. - Contains increased amount of capillary networks, providing oxygen - Contain a red pigment called myoaglobin - Contain oxygen reserves - Contain a relatively larger number of mitochondria than do fast muscle fibers a. Fast b. Slow

slow

A person whose genetic makeup makes him or her a better marathon runner than a sprinter probably has more __________ in his or her leg muscles. a. intermediate fibers b. slow fibers c. fast fibers d. dark fibers

slow fibers

Nonstriated, involuntary muscle is a. white skeletal. b. red skeletal. c. smooth. d. cardiac.

smooth

Nonstriated, involuntary muscle is _________. a. smooth b. intermediate skeletal c. cardiac d. red skeletal

smooth

Skeletal muscle fibers differ from "typical cells" in that these muscle fibers a. lack a plasma membrane. b. the name of the cytoplasm is sarcoplasm in the muscle cell. c. lack mitochondria. d. are much smaller then a "typical cell" and do not contain a vacuoles .

the name of the cytoplasm is sarcoplasm in the muscle cell

Myosin a. attach muscle to muscle (in some areas) b. thin filament c. attach muscle to bone d. thick filament

thick filament

Actin a. attach muscle to muscle (in some areas) b. thin filament c. attach muscle to bone d. thick filament

thin filament

Which of the following is an effect of aging on the muscular system? a. Skeletal muscles become more elastic. b. Muscle fibers contain more protein. c. Tolerance for exercise decreases. d. Skeletal muscle fibers become larger in diameter.

tolerance for exercise decreases