MUSI 1003 Final Exam
The Velvet Underground
1970s punk rock band that consisted of Lou Reed and John Cale and was considered one of the ancestors of 1970s punk
Bob Marley
1970s reggae artist from Jamaica who played with the Wailers
Run D.M.C
1980s American hip hop group known as one of the most influential acts in hip hop culture
Whitney Houston
1990s American pop-gospel singer who is known for her powerful and soulful vocals and singing in the movie The Bodyguard (1992)
Gloria Estefan
1990s Latina superstar of Cuban descent who had albums singing in both English and Spanish
Selena
1990s Latina superstar who was known as "The Queen of Tejano"
Pearl Jam
1990s grunge band from Seattle led by Eddie Vedder
Nirvana
1990s grunge band from Seattle led by Kurt Cobain
Queen Latifah
1990s hip hop/rap artist who rapped about feminism in a male-dominated field of rap music
MC Hammer
1990s rapper known for his hit song "U Can't Touch This"
George Strait
American country singer who came from a working class background and did not establish his career until he was in his 30s
George Clinton
American funk artist who was the leader of Parliament/Funkadelic and was also known as Dr. Funkenstein
Mariah Carey
American pop singer and songwriter who is known for her five-octave vocal range, melismatic singing style, and her signature use of the whistle register; blended pop and with other R&B/hip hop/rap elements throughout her career
Beyonce
American pop singer who originated from girl group Destiny's Child and is a prominent cultural figure of the 21st century
Taylor Swift
American pop singer who started out as a country artist and is known for her songwriting, musical versatility, artistic reinventions, and influence on the music industry
Michael Jackson
influential 1980s pop singer who is known as "The King of Pop" and has made albums like Thriller (1982)
Waylon Jennings
country singer/songwriter who had the image of a "bad boy country guy"
Punk
culture style-attitude/genre that is defined by a rebellion against authority and a deliberate rejection of middle class values
Madonna
dancer and model turned musician who rose to fame in the 1980s making pop music and is known as "The Queen of Pop"
ProTools
digital audio workspace that makes music creation fast and fluid, providing a complete set of tools to create, record, edit, and mix audio.
MIDI
(Musical Instrument Digital Interface); a way to connect devices that make and control sound, such as synthesizers and computers, so that they can communicate with each other, regardless on brand.
Technological Developments in the 1980s
- cassettes and CDs - synthesizers, sequencers, sampling machines - keyboard, electronics instruments to make music at home - music instrument digital interface (MIDI) - more digital coding based technology
Sex Pistols
1970s punk band that was created to subvert the pop music industry and horrify England's middle class
The Cumulative Question
19TH CENTURY 1. After the Ball" (1888) EARLY 20TH CENTURY (1900 - 1920s) 2. Ragtime (1900) 3. The Original Dixieland Jazz Band (1916) 4. Jimmie Rodgers (late 1920s) 1930s - 1950s 5. I Got Rhythm" (1930) 6. Swing (1935-1945) 7. "Nature Boy" by Nat King Cole (1948) 8. Rock 'n' Roll (early 1950s) 1960s - 1970s 9. Sam Cooke (early 1960s) 10. "White Rabbit" (1967) 11. Funk music (early 1970s) 12. "Anarchy in the U.K." (1976) 13. Disco (late 1970s) 1980s - Present 14. MTV (1981) 15. Thriller (1982) 16. First parental advisory warning on a recording (1984) 17. "U Can't Touch This" (1990) 18. Grunge (mid-1980s - early 1990s) 19. NSYNC (1995) 20. Taylor Swift (2000s)
Hustler
A person who hustles and works hard within the hip hop world as a business person and a musician at the same time such as Jay-Z
N.W.A
American rap group from California that established the subgenre of gangsta rap
Jay-Z
American rapper and hustler who is one of the most influential rappers since the 1990s
Eminem
American rapper known for his controversial lyrics and breaking racial barriers for white rappers in popular music
Bruce Springsteen
American rock singer who focused on traditional rock characteristics and made albums like Born in the U.S.A (1984)
Prince
American singer and musician whose style ranged from new wave, jazz, and psychedelic rock
Alison Krauss
Bluegrass fiddler and singer who performed with Union Station
Gretchen Wilson
Country/bluegrass singer in the 2000s who rose to fame for her single "Redneck Woman"
Adele
English pop-soul singer in the 21st century who is known for her mezzo-soprano vocals, sentimental songwriting, and having hits such as "Rolling in the Deep"
Ravi Shankar
Indian sitar player who popularized classical Indian music in the West and influencing many American musicians like George Harrison
Live Nation
It is an American multinational entertainment company that was founded in 2010 following the merger of Live Nation and Ticketmaster that promotes, operates, and manages ticket sales for live entertainment internationally.
Autotune
It is pitch correction software that digitally corrects pitch in vocal and instrumental performances.
Scratching
It's a technique developed by Grandmaster Flash's protégé, Theodore in 1978, where the DJ moves a record back and forth on a turntable in order to produce unique sounds and effects
Talking Heads
New wave band formed by David Bryne which used minimalism and was influenced by classical music and experimental music from parts of Africa and Far East
Mash-up
Recording that digitally combines two or more preexisting tracks, usually by overlaying the vocal track of one song over the music track of another.
Emcee/MC
The term Emcee/MC derived from "master of ceremonies" and became an alternative title for a rapper, and for their role within hip-hop music and culture.
Graceland (album)
album by singer/songwriter Paul Simon who mixed elements from different cultures into the music
Techno
broad term that encompasses new forms of up-tempo, repetitive, and electronic dance music that develops in the club scenes of NY, Chicago, Detroit, and European cities (can be traced to early 1980s genres like garage and house music)
MTV
cable network channel that launched in 1981 and was known for increasing music exposure to the public through music videos
Hip Hop
genre that was forged by African American/Puerto Rican/Caribbean American youth in NYC and included distinctive styles of visual art, dance, music, fashion, and speech
90s Boy Bands
groups that consisted of dancing and singing and creating fashion trends/merchandise (examples include: New Kids on the Block, Boyz II Men, Backstreet Boys, and NSYNC)
90s Girl Bands
groups that consisted of dancing and singing and creating fashion trends/merchandise (examples include: Spice Girls, TLC, and Destiny's Child)
360-degree deal
is an exclusive contract between a label and an artist; a recording label takes share of the artist's music sales and percentages from other ventures, such as concerts, merchandise, and TV appearances.
Reggae
mix of Afro-Caribbean folk music and American R&B
World Music
musical genre defined largely in response to the sudden increase of non-English-language recordings released in the UK and US in the 1980s (incorporates different musical styles from cultures throughout the world)
Willie Colon
notable salsa artist who was a trombonist and bandleader who helped popularize Salsa music in the US
Kool Herc
pioneering DJ in the mid-1970s who adapted the disco technique of mixing to the hip hop aesthetic
Thriller (album)
pop album by Michael Jackson
Willie Nelson
progressive country artist who rose to fame in the mid-1970s with a group of singers known as "the Outlaws"
Ramones
punk band that had the image of ripped denim jeans and leather jackets and play fast music that was more dark and blunt
Rap
rapid-fire succession of rhymes; complementary with the hip hop genre
Funk
represents the impulse to dance and is popular among urban black communities; the word is derived from the Central African (BaKongo) term "funki" which means "healthy sweat"
Salsa
rhythmically charged and harmonically advanced style of dance music that originated from Latin ballroom dance music, Afro-Cuban, rumba drumming, and modern jazz
Born in the U.S.A (album)
rock album by Bruce Springsteen
Gangsta Rap
subgenre of rap that was popularized in Southern California and led to conflicts between east and west coast factions within the hip hop business
Grunge
subgenre of rock that formed in Seattle and has characteristics of distortion, power chords, and dissonance throughout the song
Bluegrass
type of country music that is played at a rapid tempo and consisted of early acoustic string instruments
