MY QUIZLET CH 15
Which compound would form if you reacted aluminum, Al, and oxygen, O?
Al2O3
Carbon dioxide, CO2 is an example of a(n)
Covalent bonding
which element in the periodic table has the greatest electronegativity? which element has the least
Greatest: fluorine Least: francium
Which of the following elements has 5 valence electrons? a) C b) B c) N
N
within a polyatomic ion how many covalent bonds does a negatively charged oxygen form
One covalent bond
What is the main difference between an ionic and a covalent bond?
One is the sharing of a pair of electrons, the other is the transfer of at least one electron.
Which of the following elements will most likely form an ion with a 2- charge? a) Na b) S c) Ne
S
Ores of manganese, Mn, sometimes contain the mineral rhodochrosite, Mnco3(small 3), which is an ionic compound of manganese ions and carbonate ions. How many electrons has each manganese atom lost to make a compound?
The carbonate ion carries a 2- charge, which means it picked up two electrons. These two electrons must have come from the single manganese ion to which it is bond
best describes a covalent bond?
Two atoms sharing a set of electrons
why don't oil and water mix?
because water molecules are more attracted to themselves than oil molecules
Which elements tend to form covalent bonds
nonmetallic elements
Suppose an oxygen atom gains two electrons to become an oxygen ion. What is its electric charge
-2
How many more electrons are needed to fill the valence shell of a hydrogen atom?
1
How many electrons can occupy the first shell? How many can occupy the second shell
2 on the first and 8 on the second
how many electrons are shared in a double covalent bond
4
How many valence electrons does bromine (Br) have?
7
What is the primary difference between a chemical bond and an attraction between two molecules
A chemical bond is stronger than an attraction between two molecules.
What needs to be done to convert a neutral nitrogen atom into an N3- ion?
Add three electrons
What is an ionic crystal
An ionic crystal is a crystal consisting of ions bound together by their electrostatic attraction.
Which of the following elements will most likely not form an ion at all? a) Na b) O c) Ar
Ar
Why does the fluorine atom tend to gain only one electron
Because it has 7 electrons in its outermost shell and a shell of 8 is considered a full shell, and because flourine has 1 electron missing. It can either lose 7 or gain 1..which is better? Gaining 1 right! so there you go.
How can a molecule be nonpolar when it consists of atoms that have different electro negativities?
Dipoles are equal and opposing cancel each other out.
To become a negative ion, does an atom lose or gain electrons
Gain
MgCl2 is an example of
Ionic bonding
Which of the following elements will most likely form an ion with a 2+ charge? a) Na b) S c) Mg
Mg
Which of the following has 2 valence electrons? a) Na b) H c) Mg
Mg
What are induced dipoles permanent?
No, they are only temporar. They only occour (are induced) when they are in close proximity to a water molecule or another dipole.
Why do nonpolar substances tend to boil at relatively low temperatures?
Not much heat is required to separate nonpolar molecules from one another.
How do the electron-dot structures of elements in the same group in the periodic table compare with one another
The number of electrons are the same in each group but increase in each column. Elements of the same group have the same number of valence electrons.
Which electrons are represented by an electron-dot structure
Valence electrons
Which is more polar: a carbon-oxygen bond or a carbon-nitrogen bond?
a carbon oxygen bond
what is a dipole
an uneven distribution of electrons in a bond caused by a difference in electronegativity between two atoms
What is a hydrogen bond
an unusually strong dipole-dipole attraction occouring between molecules that have a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a small, highly electronegative atom. Usually nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine
What is a native metal
any metal that is found in its metallic form, either pure or alloyed, in nature. ... Only gold, silver, copper and the platinum metals occur in nature in large amounts.
Within a neutral molecule, how many covalent bonds does an oxygen atom form
double covalent bonds
How do ions differ from atoms
in ions the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving it a positive or negative electrical charge
which is stronger than ion-dipole attraction or the induced dipole-induced dipole attraction
ion dipole attraction
Do metals more readily gain or lose electrons
lose electrons
what is an alloy
mixture of metals with one or more elements in it
best describes ionic bonding?
one atom giving up some of its electrons to another atom
Which elements tend to form ionic bonds
potassium, sodium, chloride, fluoride
How do atoms differ from ions
they are neutral; they contain the same number of protons as electrons.