National 5 Biology- Life on Earth Test Revision
Community
All the populations in an area
Secondary consumers
Carnivores. Obtain energy from eating primary consumers
Ecosystem
Consists of all the living and non living components in an area
Producer
Green plant capable of using energy from the sun to produce food
Population
Group of organisms of the same type in an area
Primary consumers
Herbivores. Obtain energy from eating producers
Biotic Factors
Living factors such as disease, food availability, grazing and predators
Essential element in all food chains
Nitrogen
Abiotic Factors
Non living factors such as pH, light intensity and temeprature
Habitat
Place where an organism lives
Biomes
Regions of the planet distinguished by their climate, flora and fauna
Pyramid of biomass
Shows that the mass of the organism falls as you go along the food chain, so the producers will have the highest living mass and the secondary consumer will have the lowest living mass
Pyramid of numbers
Shows that the number of organisms falls as you go along the food chain, but the size of the organism tends to get bigger
Pyramid of energy
Shows that the quantity of energy falls as you go along the food web, with the greatest energy found in producers and the least in secondary consumers. This is because energy is lost at each level
Biodiversity
The range of different species in an area. The greater the number of species, the higher the biodiversity will be
Niche
The role played by an organism within the community. This includes how it makes use of the resources such as light, temperature and nutrients. It also includes how organisms interact with other organisms including competition, predation and parasitism