National Government Test 2
The territory of Wyoming granted women the right to vote in 1869 and ______ followed as the first state to enfranchise women
Colorado
Women were granted universal suffrage in
1920
According to a 2013 poll, ____ of Americans think the political parties do an adequate job of representing the American people.
24%
In 2009, how many of the House Democrats voted against reforming health care, President Obama's most important policy initiative?
39
The typical procedure for an initiative requires petitions to feature the signatures of _________ of the number of registered voters in a state.
5 to 10 percent
In the discipline of political science, party identification refers to
a sense of psychological attachment to a party.
Today, Americans aged 17-24 are much more __________ than the general public.
liberal
According to the __________ model of democracy, political parties are essential in making government responsive to public opinion.
majoritarian
Lack of political knowledge among individual Americans makes the ___________ model of democracy more difficult to sustain.
majoritarian
In 2014, voters approved a number of ballot propositions, including ones in Alaska, Oregon, and Washington that
make weed legal
Psychological explanations of turnout suggest that voting will rise if
more Americans believe that government is responsive.
A centralized organization that dominated local politics by controlling elections, sometimes by illegal means, is known as a
party machine
The set of values and beliefs that a person holds about the purpose and scope of government is called
political ideology
The system by which legislative seats are awarded to a party in proportion to the vote that party wins in an election is called _____ representation.
proportional
The goal of the statistical theory of sampling is to
reflect the views of the population with some predictable degree of accuracy.
Since surveying the American public about ideology began, the ideological distribution of the public has become
skewed toward conservatism
The extent of the influence of any socializing agent depends on
the extent of our exposure to it, our communication with it, and our receptivity to it.
A legal action brought by a person or group on behalf of a number of people in...
class action suit
The standard socioeconomic model recognizes the relationship between socioeconomic status and
conventional political involvement.
When a leader assembles crowds to confront businesses and local governments to demand a hearing, he or she is engaging in
direct action
The standard socioeconomic model of participation chiefly refers to
education, income, occupation
For most people, the first agent of political socialization is
family
The major agents of early socialization in the United States are
family, school, community, peers
The major agents of early socialization in the United States are
family, school, peers
A sample of one thousand randomly selected individuals is usually accurate to (plus or minus) _____ percentage points.
three
The majoritarian model of democracy favors
voting as the primary means of participation.
Based on the text, which of these factors does NOT determine the accuracy of the sample?
year sample is taken
Black Americans shifted significantly to the Democratic Party in the 1960s largely in response to
Democratic Party support for civil rights legislation.
The Democratic Party national committee changed its internal procedures to be more open and inclusive in response to
a traumatic 1968 convention following the assassination of Robert Kennedy.
The text defines suffrage and franchise as the right to
vote
One criterion that must be met for a country to be democratic is that it must
have more than one political party.
Because it depends on mass participation in politics, majoritarianism tends to
limit individual freedom.
Surveys conducted over the Internet have been criticized because they
may not be representative of the whole nation.
With respect to religion, the group that has grown rapidly in the 21st century and now makes up almost 23 percent of the American population is
"unaffiliated"
____________ was the first candidate elected as a Republican.
Abraham Lincoln
All of the following were considered part of the "Roosevelt coalition" except
African Americans
The South still casts many votes for Democrats because of the high proportion of
African Americans
Who was the leader of the Federalists?
Alexzander Hamilton
Which of the following statements best describes the attitude of the American people toward political parties?
Americans recognize the value of parties but distrust the existing ones.
Which of the following was the first known act of unconventional participation in America?
Boston Tea Party
People who have lower incomes and less education are more likely to consider themselves
Democrats
The short-lived __________ Party nominated Robert La Follette of Wisconsin for the presidency in 1924, but carried only La Follette's home state and ceased to nominate candidates in 1925.
Progressive
While third parties typically do not receive a large percentage of the vote, __________, candidate for president under the Reform Party in 1992, won 19 percent of the popular vote.
Ross Perrot
The term Solid South refers to the
South's consistent Democratic voting record for much of the twentieth century.
Which of the following accurately characterizes presidential poll results?
Survey results can be prone to random error because interviewers receive superficial responses.
The Framers wanted to build public opinion into our government structure by creating
The House of Reps
Which of the following is NOT one of the four principles of responsible party government?
Voters should choose candidates on the basis of ideological alignment.
The __________ was the first "third" party in American history to challenge the two major parties for the presidency and called the first national party convention.
anti-masonic party
In general today, women politically participate
at about the same rate as men
A polling company surveying public opinion on Obama's health-care plan finds public opinion to be almost evenly divided, for and against. The graph of such a distribution would be characterized as
bimodal
The literacy tests that were used in the southern states after 1870 worked primarily against
blacks
Parental influence on party identification is greater when
both parents strongly identify with the same party.
Recently, media outlets have started including ________ in their sampling, particularly in response to the habits of younger Americans.
cell phones
In Oregon, everyone votes by
Of all the social and economic variables affecting political participation, _________ is the strongest single factor.
education
According to Edmund Burke, the reason people unite in parties is to
enact a set of policies
When considering the endurance of political beliefs in America, it can be said that Americans tend to
find their political niche and stay there
In the presidential elections since 1968, the South has tended to vote
for Republican candidates.
As a general trend, college-educated individuals are more likely to choose
freedom over social order
The role of the national committee is to
govern each party in-between conventions
Congress and the states moved quickly to pass the Twenty-sixth Amendment, which lowered the voting age to eighteen, because they
hoped to channel student energy away from demonstrations and toward more conventional forms of participation.
The contemporary political "gender gap" refers to the tendency of women to
identify more with the Democratic Party than men do.
The Socialist Party advocated for
ideological protest
Which of the following is NOT one of the political party functions discussed in the chapter?
increasing the stability of election outcomes
Political scientists know less about unconventional forms of political participation because
it is easier to collect data on conventional practices.
A sample size that is _____ will more accurately represent the population.
larger
According to the text, Americans were __________ politically apathetic in 2012 compared to 1952.
neither more nor less
A(n) _____ is a designation as an official candidate of a political party.
nomination
Compared with citizens in other democracies, Americans are
not noticeably apathetic
According to the text, if the criterion is ___________, America has the best and most democratic government in the world.
number of elections held
Someone who asserts that elections "socialize political activity" is contending that elections are mechanisms that maintain
order
the relationship between participation and order is complicated because
order promotes participation
e process whereby one becomes aware of politics, learns political facts, and forms political values is called
political socialization
The first political institution that young children tend to focus on is the
president
Political differences between the South and the rest of the country today are often rooted in attitudes about
racial politics and social issues.
The relationship between participation and order is complicated because
some types of participation promote disorder.
The 1955 Montgomery bus boycott is an example of
successful unconventional political participation
Serving as an election judge in a nonpartisan election or organizing a holiday parade are examples of
supportive behavior
The _____ Party is not considered a political party.
tea
Although terrorism is an unconventional political action, it is generally not counted as unconventional political participation because
terrorists do not seek to influence government but to destroy it.
Which party of ideological protest is best known for arguing against government action in society?
the Libertarian Party
The march from Selma demonstrated to the nation the seriousness of
the civil rights problem
Pressure on an individual to conform to community values or views is strongest when
the community is homogeneous.
By law, the U.S. presidential election occurs
the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
Democrat Andrew Jackson won the presidency in 1828 in
the first mass election in US history
In nearly every other democratic country outside of the United States, the burden of registration is placed on
the government
According to psychological explanations, voter turnout in the United States is not likely to increase until
the government does something to restore people's faith in the effectiveness of voting.
One critique that pluralists make of the public as a whole is that
the public seldom demonstrates clear, consistent opinions on daily issues of government.
When it was first ratified, the Constitution provided that the vice president would be
the runner up in the electoral college
he framers of the Constitution left the issue of voter enfranchisement to
the states
Voters favor one-party control of the presidency and Congress when
their party is in control
Where in the Constitution are political parties discussed?
they are not discussed in the Constitution
Party organizations help coordinate the actions of public officials because
they are the major means for bridging institutional differences.
One recent criticism of referenda and initiatives is that
they create an expensive "industry" designed around circulating petitions and spending millions.
The American emphasis on freedom over equality in political participation works to the benefit of
those with greater resources
Learning political party identification from parents is known as the ___________ model of partisanship.
transmission
To maintain order, the government has a stake in converting _______ whenever possible.
unconventional participation into conventional participation
In 2015, the Republican Speaker of the House of Representatives, John Boehner, abruptly quit as speaker and retired from Congress. He did this because he
was frustrated by the lack of loyalty from the warring factions of the Republican Party.
