NCERT Chapter 2 Agricultural
Jowar
1. 3rd most important millet in India with respect to area and production. 2. Grows in moist areas. 3. Rainfed crop 4. Produced in: Maharshatra, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Andra Pradesh
Jute
1. Also known as golden fiber 2. Grows well in flood plain regions 3. Requires high temperature 4. Temperature: High 5. Produced in: Assam, Bihar, West Bengal, Odisha, Meghalaya
Sugarcane
1. Brazil is the first largest producer followed by India. 2. It requires a hot and humid climate. 3. Its a tropical and sub-tropical crop. 4. Grows well in variety of soils. 5. Temperature: 21°C to 27°C 6. Rainfall: 75cm to 100cm 7. Can grow in variety of soils and needs manual labor for harvest Produced in: Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab , Haryana
Bajra
1. Can be grown in sandy and shallow black soil. 2. Produced in: Rajastan, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Haryana.
Rubber
1. Equatorial crop, under special conditions can grow in topical and subtropical climate. 2. It requires a humid climate 3. Temperature: above 25°C 4. Rainfall: more than 200cm 5. Produced in: Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka,Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Garbo hills of Meghalaya
Ground nut
1. Gujarat is the largest producer of ground nuts followed by Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu. 5. First largest producer is China followed by India. 3. Uses- medium for cooking, used in cosmetics and soaps and ointments 4. Half of total oilseed production
Ragi
1. Has ver high iron, calcium, other micro nutrients and roughage content. 2. Can be grown in sandy, loomy, red, black and shallow black soil. 3. Grows in dry regions 4. Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh,Uttarakhand,
Pulses
1. India is the largest producer and consumer of pulses 2. They serve as leguminous crops in crop rotation except arhar(tur). They help with fertility and nitrogenous content of soul. 3. These crops can survive in less moisture and dry environments. 4. Produced in: Madhya Pradesh, Rajastan, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka
Coffee
1. Indian coffee is famous for its good quality. 2. Arabica is the most famous coffee type, originating from Yemen. Produced in: Nilgiri in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu
Maize
1. Kharif crop 2. Grows well in old alluvial soil. 3. Temperature: 21°C to 27°C 4. Serves both as food and fodder. 5. Rabi crop in bihar 6. Andra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Telangana , Karnataka
Rice
1. Kharif crop. 2. Humidity 4. Temperature: above 25°C 5. Rainfall: above 100cm 6. Growing zones: Northen plains, North-East, Coastal reigon and deltatic reigon. 7.Produced in: Punjab, Haryana, Uttarpradesh and parts of Rajasthan. (It can grow in regions without much rain if there is irrigation)
Rapeseed
First largest producer is Canada followed by China and India.
Sesamum (Til)
Grown as Kahrif in North and Rabi in South
Castor
Grown both as Rabi and Kharif
Millets
Millets are also known as coarse grains because of their high nutritional content.
Cotton
1. Originated for India 2. China is the first largest producer followed by Indian. 3. It requires high temperature, light rainfall, 210 frost free days and bright sunshine. 5. It is a cash crop 7. Rainfall: light rain 8. Grown in cotton black soil of Deccan plateau 9. 6 -8 months to mature 10. Produced in: Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu
Wheat
1. Rabi crop. 2. Requires bright sunshine and cool growing season 5. Rainfall: 50cm - 70cm 6. Grown in Ganga-Satluj plains and deccan reigon. 7. Second most important crop 8. Producing areas: Uttar Pradesh ,Punjab, Haryana, Bihar and Rajasthan
Kharif
1. Sown in monsoon season, June-July 2. Harvested in winter season, September - October 3. Paddy, maize, jowar, bajra, jute etc. 4. In Odisha, Bengal and Assam three paddies are grown, Aus, Aman and Boro
Rabi
1. Sown in winter season, October - December 2. Harvested in spring season, April - June 3. Example: Wheat, Barley, Peas, Gram and Mustard
Tea
1. Tea industry is a plantation industry which is labor intensive. 2. Introduced in India by Britishers 3. Grown in soil, which is well drained and fertile along with lots of humus and high organic matter. 5. Rainfall: Frequent showers 6. It requires warm and moist frost free environment. 7. Produced in: Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Assam, West Bengal, Himachal Pradesh 8. It is a Tropical and Sub-Tropical plant.
Linseed and Mustard
Rabi oilseeds