NCLEX Pediatric drugs

The healthcare provider has prescribed 700 mL of intravenous fluid to be infused over 24 hours. At what rate should the nurse set the volume-control device? Express your answer as a whole number. ___ mL/hr

29

An infant is undergoing parenteral therapy. The healthcare provider has instructed that 400 mL of D5W 0.45% sodium chloride be infused over 8 hours. At how many milliliters per hour should the nurse maintain the hourly rate? Record your answer using a whole number. ___ mL

50

A 6-year-old child is experiencing tonic-clonic seizures, and carbamazepine 15 mg/kg/day divided equally into two doses is prescribed. The child weighs 44 lb (20 kg). The medication available is carbamazepine suspension 100 mg/5 mL. How many milliliters should the nurse administer in one dose? Record your answer using one decimal place. ___ mL

7.5

Which drug increases the risk of Reye syndrome in children? A. Aspirin B. Naloxone C. Ibuprofen D. Acetaminophen

A. Aspirin

An 8-year-old child is being given insulin glargine before breakfast. What is the most appropriate information for the nurse to give the parents concerning a bedtime snack? A. Offer a snack to prevent hypoglycemia during the night. B. Give the child a snack if signs of hyperglycemia are present. C. Avoid a snack because the child is being treated with long-acting insulin. D. Keep a snack at the bedside in case the child gets hungry during the night.

A. Offer a snack to prevent hypoglycemia during the night.

The registered nurse is teaching calculations for pediatric dosages based on the body surface area (BSA) method. Which statement of the nursing student indicates understanding through effective teaching? A. "This method requires age for calculation." B. "This method requires height and weight for calculation." C. "This method requires gender for calculation." D. "This method requires the drug manufacturer's name for calculation."

B. "This method requires height and weight for calculation."

Which medication is prescribed to an infant with congenital syphilis? A. Vidarabine B. Intravenous (IV) penicillin C. Pyrimethamine D. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

B. Intravenous (IV) penicillin

A 2½-year-old child is receiving intravenous (IV) fluid. A 500-mL bag of D5 in ½NS is hung at 1 am and is to infuse at 45 mL/hr. At 6 am the nurse notes that there is 125 mL left in the bag. What does the nurse conclude about the fluid that has infused? A. Should be recalculated in an hour B. Is more than the child should have received C. Is less than the amount prescribed for the child D. Remained at the prescribed rate through the night

B. Is more than the child should have received

A nurse is caring for a 7-year-old child in the pediatric intensive care unit who has increased intracranial pressure as a result of head trauma. The healthcare provider prescribes intravenous mannitol. The nurse monitors the child's intracranial pressure and urine output because mannitol belongs to which classification of diuretics? A. Loop B. Osmotic C. Potassium sparing D. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

B. Osmotic

A 2-year-old toddler is to have intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy. What will the nurse plan to do to prevent the child from pulling out the IV line? A. Keep the arms restrained. B. Tell the child not to touch the IV site. C. Cover the IV site with a protective device. D. Have the parent hold the child continuously.

C. Cover the IV site with a protective device.

A school-aged child with newly diagnosed acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is to undergo induction therapy with prednisone, vincristine, and asparaginase. After several days the child becomes constipated. What does the nurse suspect as the cause? A. Diet, which lacks bulk B. Inactivity, which results from illness C. Vincristine, which decreases peristalsis D. Prednisone, which causes gastric irritability

C. Vincristine, which decreases peristalsis

A parent calls the outpatient clinic requesting information about the appropriate dosage of acetaminophen for a 16-month-old child. The directions on the bottle of acetaminophen elixir are 120 mg every 4 hours when needed. At the toddler's 15-month visit, the healthcare provider prescribed 150 mg. What is the best response by the nurse? A. "The dose is close enough, and it doesn't really matter which one you give." B. "From your description, the medications aren't necessary. They should be avoided at this age." C. "It's appropriate to base dosages on age. Children typically have weights consistent for their age groups." D. "The prescribed dose of the drug was based on weight, and this is a more accurate way of determining a therapeutic dose."

D. "The prescribed dose of the drug was based on weight, and this is a more accurate way of determining a therapeutic dose."

A nurse is planning an evening snack for a child receiving NPH insulin. What is the reason for this nursing action? A. It encourages the child to stay on the diet. B. Energy is needed for immediate utilization. C. Extra calories will help the child gain weight. D. Nourishment helps counteract late insulin activity.

D. Nourishment helps counteract late insulin activity.

An infant with cardiopulmonary disease who displays signs and symptoms of bronchiolitis and pneumonia was admitted to the hospital. What condition is the infant likely to have? A. Poliomyelitis B. Pneumococcal infection C. Meningococcal infection D. Respiratory syncytial virus infection

D. Respiratory syncytial virus infection

Permethrin 1% lotion is prescribed for a 5-year-old child with pediculosis capitis (head lice). What instruction does the nurse include while teaching the parents about treating the head lice? A. Personal belongings must be discarded. B. Side effects are nonexistent with the medicated shampoo. C. Other children should be kept away from the child for a week. D. The child's hair must be combed with a fine-toothed comb to remove nits.

D. The child's hair must be combed with a fine-toothed comb to remove nits.