neuro quiz
What is the function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
It cushions the brain and spinal cord.
Which client goal, established by the nurse, is most important as the nurse plans care for a seizure client in the home setting?
the client will remain free of injury of seizure does occur
Which of the following Glasgow Coma Scale scores indicates coma?
7
While snowboarding, a fell and sustained a blow to the head, resulting in a loss of consciousness. The client regained consciousness within an hour after arrival at the ED, was admitted for 24-hour observation, and was discharged without neurologic impairment. What would the nurse expect this client's diagnosis to be?
concussion
A client with a brain tumor is complaining of a headache upon awakening. Which nursing action would the nurse take first?
elevate the head of the bed
Splints have been prescribed for a client who is at risk of developing footdrop following a spinal cord injury. The nurse should remove and reapply the splints when?
every 2 hours
Bell palsy is a disorder of which cranial nerve?
facial (VII)
Which cerebral lobes is the largest and controls abstract thought?
frontal
A client is admitted to the medical unit with an exacerbation of multiple sclerosis. When assessing this client, the nurse has the client stick out her tongue and move it back and forth. What is the nurse assessing?
function of the hypoglossal nerve
A client in the OR goes into malignant hyperthermia due to an abnormal reaction to the anesthetic. The nurse knows that the area of the brain that regulates body temperature is which of the following?
hypothalamus
The nurse is instructing the client on how to perform Credé's maneuver. In which situation is this maneuver helpful?
when attempting to empty the bladder
A school nurse is called to the playground where a 6-year-old girl has been found sitting unresponsive and "staring into space," according to the playground supervisor. How would the nurse document the girl's activity in her chart at school?
absence seizure
A nurse is caring for a client with a brain tumor and increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which intervention should the nurse include in the care plan to reduce ICP?
administer stool softners
In which of the following disease processes is the nurse most likely to care for a client in the chronic phase of a neurologic disease?
alzheimers disease
The nurse is caring for a client who is rapidly progressing toward brain death. The nurse should be aware of what cardinal signs of brain death? Select all that apply.
apnea coma absence of brain stem reflexes
A client with spinal cord injury has a nursing diagnosis of altered mobility and the nurse recognizes the increased the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following would be included as an appropriate nursing intervention to prevent a DVT from occurring?
applying thigh-high elastic stockings
A nurse is caring for a client who experiences debilitating cluster headaches. The client should be taught to take appropriate medications at what point in the course of the onset of a new headache?
as soon as the client senses the onset of symptoms
The nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a female client who possesses numerous risk factors for stroke. Which of the woman's medications carries the greatest potential for reducing her risk of stroke?
aspirin 81mg PO o.d.
The nurse is caring for a client who is known to be at risk for cardiogenic embolic strokes. What dysrhythmia does this client most likely have?
atrial fibrilation
The nurse caring for a client in ICU diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome should prioritize monitoring for what potential complication?
autonomic dysfunction
A client with a T4 level spinal cord injury (SCI) is complaining of a severe headache. The nurse notes profuse diaphoresis of the client's forehead and scalp. Which of the following does the nurse suspect?
autonomic dysrelfexia
A patient who has suffered a stroke is unable to maintain respiration and is intubated and placed on mechanical ventilator support. What portion of the brain is most likely responsible for the inability to breathe?
brain stem
An older client complains of a constant headache. A physical examination shows papilledema. What may the symptoms indicate in this client?
brain tumor
A client reports light-headedness, speech disturbance, and left-sided weakness that have lasted for several hours. In the examination, an abnormal sound is auscultated in an artery leading to the brain. What is the term for the auscultated discovery?
bruit
A neurologic deficit is best defined as a defecit of the:
central and peripheral nervous systems with decresed, impaired or absent functioning
The nurse is assisting the physician in completing a lumbar puncture. Which would the nurse note as a concern?
cerebrospinal fluidis cloudy in nature
A client, brought to the clinic by his wife and son, is diagnosed with Huntington disease. When providing anticipatory guidance, the nurse should address the future possibility of what effect of Huntington disease?
emotional and personality changes
Which nursing intervention is most helpful when addressing the priority nursing diagnosis of Impaired Physical Mobility related to damage of brain tissue as evidenced by visual deficits and absence of portions of the visual field?
ensure a clutter- free walkway
The school nurse has been called to the football field where player is immobile on the field after landing awkwardly on his head during a play. While awaiting an ambulance, what action should the nurse perform?
ensure that the player is not moved
Which cerebral lobe contains the auditory receptive areas?
temporal
A 25-year-old female client with brain metastases is considering her life expectancy after her most recent meeting with her oncologist. Based on the fact that the client is not receiving treatment for her brain metastases, what is the nurse's most appropriate action?
ensuring that the client receives adequate palliative care
A client is brought to the emergency department (ED) by family members who tell the triage nurse that the client doesn't recognize them. The client is diagnosed with a neurologic deficit. What other conditions are considered neurologic deficits? Select all that apply.
impaired speech abnormal bladder elimination paralysis
A client is admitted to the neurologic ICU with a spinal cord injury. In writing the client's care plan, the nurse specifies that contractures can best be prevented by what action?
initiating (ROM) exercises as soon as possible after the injury
The nurse is creating a plan of care for a client who has a recent diagnosis of MS. Which of the following should the nurse include in the client's care plan?
instruct the client on daily muscle stretching
A client is admitted with weakness, expressive aphasia, and right hemianopia. The brain MRI reveals an infarct. The nurse understands these symptoms to be suggestive of which of the following findings?
left-sided cerebrovascular accident (cva)
A client has a poor prognosis after being involved in a motor vehicle accident resulting in a head injury. As the client's ICP increases and condition worsens, the nurse knows to assess for indications of approaching death. These indications include which of the following?
loss of brain stem reflexes
The most important nursing priority of treatment for a patient with an altered LOC is to:
maintain a clear airway to ensure adequate ventilation
Osmotic diuretics are an essential intervention for reducing cerebral edema. Which of the following drugs is most frequently prescribed for this situation?
mannitol
Which nursing intervention can prevent a client from experiencing autonomic dysreflexia?
monitoring the patency of an indwelling catheter
The primary arthropod vector in North America that transmits encephalitis is the
mosquito
The nurse is discussing spinal cord injury (SCI) at a health fair at a local high school. The nurse relays that the most common cause of SCI is
motor vehicle crashes
Which is a chronic, degenerative, progressive disease of the central nervous system characterized by the occurrence of demyelination in the brain and spinal cord?
multiple sclerosis
A client who is being treated in the hospital for a spinal cord injury is advocating for the removal of his urinary catheter, stating that he wants to try to resume normal elimination. What principle should guide the care team's decision regarding this intervention?
urinary catheters often lead to urinary tract infections
A client has a 12-year history of migraine headaches and is frustrated over how these headaches impact lifestyle. What would the nurse indicate to the client is the origin of migraines?
vascular
A patient comes to the emergency department with a large scalp laceration after being struck in the head with a glass bottle. After assessment of the patient, what does the nurse do before the physician sutures the wound?
irrigate the wounds to remove debris
Which of the following assessment tools should the nurse use to perform a neurologic assessment?
mini-mental status examination
To meet the sensory needs of a client with viral meningitis, the nurse should:
minimize exposure to bright lights and noise
A client is brought to the emergency department in a confused state, with slurred speech, characteristics of a headache, and right facial droop. The vital signs reveal a blood pressure of 170/88 mm Hg, pulse of 92 beats/minute, and respirations at 24 breaths/minute. On which bodily system does the nurse focus the nursing assessment?
neurovascular system
When caring for a client with an altered level of consciousness, the nurse is preparing to test cranial nerve VII. What assessment technique would most likely elicit a response from cranial nerve VII?
observe for facial movement symmetry, such as a smile
A client is brought to the ER following a motor vehicle accident in which he sustained head trauma. Preliminary assessment reveals a vision deficit in the client's left eye. The nurse should associate this abnormal finding with trauma to what cerebral lobe?
occipital
Which of the following occupations are anticipated to improve the functioning of a client with a neurologic deficit? Select all that apply.
occupational therapist speech therapist neurologist physical therapist
The nurse is caring for a client who has undergone supratentorial removal of a pituitary mass. What medication would the nurse expect to administer prophylactically to prevent seizures in this client?
phenytoin
Which well-recognized sign of meningitis is exhibited when the client's neck is flexed and flexion of the knees and hips is produced?
positive Brudzinski sign
A client has suffered several migraines per month for the last 4 months. The physician prescribes prophylactic drug therapy. What is the rationale behind this action? Select all that apply.
possible reduction in frequency of attacks possible reduction of migraine intensity possible reduction in migraineduration
The nurse is caring for a patient with Huntington's disease in the long-term care facility. What does the nurse recognize as the most prominent symptom of the disease that the patient exhibits?
rapid jerky involuntary movements
The nurse practitioner is able to correlate a patient's neurologic deficits with the location in the brain affected by ischemia or hemorrhage. For a patient with a left hemispheric stroke, the nurse would expect to see:
right- sided paralysis
A client who is disoriented and restless after sustaining a concussion during a car accident is admitted to the hospital. Which nursing diagnosis takes the highest priority in this client's care plan?
risk for injury
After a seizure, the nurse should place the patient in which of the following positions to prevent complications?
side-lying, to facilitate drainage of oral secretions
The nurse is participating in a health fair for stroke prevention. Which will the nurse say is a modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke?
smoking
Which condition occurs when blood collects between the dura mater and arachnoid membrane?
subdural hematoma
The nurse is caring for a client with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Which clinical finding, observed during the reassessment of the client, causes the nurse the most concern?
temperature increase from 98.0*f to 99.6*f
A patient with myasthenia gravis is in the hospital for treatment of pneumonia. The patient informs the nurse that it is very important to take pyridostigmine bromide (Mestinon) on time. The nurse gets busy and does not administer the medication until after breakfast. What outcome will the patient have related to this late dose?
the muscles will become fatigues and the patient will not be able to chew food or swallow pills
The nurse is assisting with administering a Tensilon test to a patient with ptosis. If the test is positive for myasthenia gravis, what outcome does the nurse know will occur?
thirty seconds after administration, the facialweakness and ptosis will be releived for approximately 5 min
A patient diagnosed with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) is scheduled for a carotid endarterectomy. The nurse explains that this procedure will be done for what purpose?
to preventa stroke by removing artherosclerotic plaques blocking cerebral flow
A nurse is assessing a client who has been in a motor vehicle collision. The client directly and accurately answers questions. The nurse notes a contusion to the client's forehead; the client reports a headache. Assessing the client's pupils, what reaction would confirm increasing intracranial pressure?
unequal response