Neurologic and Cognitive Function

When assessing a toddler with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), what characteristic findings or behaviors should the nurse expect? Select all that apply. a. Flat, blank facial expression b. The desire to hug the nurse c. Laughing when pulse is taken d. Enjoys climbing on stairs and furniture e. Inability to maintain eye contact

a. Flat, blank facial expression c. Laughing when pulse is taken e. Inability to maintain eye contact

After closure of a newborn's myelomeningocele, what essential nursing intervention must be included in the plan of care? a. Measuring head circumference daily b. Monitoring for serous drainage from the nares c. Limiting leg movement d. Decreasing environmental stimuli

a. Measuring head circumference daily

A nurse is caring for an infant who has just undergone myelomeningocele repair. What should the nursing plan of care include? a. Monitoring for cerebrospinal fluid leakage b. Maintaining a supine position c. Teaching clean catheterizations to parents d. Applying sterile moist dressings to the incision

a. Monitoring for cerebrospinal fluid leakage

Which action should the nurse take when providing postoperative nursing care to a child after insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt? a. Monitoring for increased temperature. b. Administer narcotics for pain control. c. Check the urine for glucose and protein. d. Test cerebrospinal fluid leakage for protein.

a. Monitoring for increased temperature.

An infant with a myelomeningocele is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. While the infant is awaiting surgical correction of the defect, what is the most appropriate nursing intervention? a. Placing the infant in the prone position b. Using disposable diapers c. Performing neurologic checks above the site of the lesion d. Washing the area below the defect with a nontoxic antiseptic

a. Placing the infant in the prone position

A nurse is concerned about helping the parents of an infant with cerebral palsy set long-term goals for the family. What is most important to understand when setting long-term goals? a. Unknown extent of the disability requires continual adjustments. b. Cognitive impairments require special education. c. Progressive deterioration requires future institutionalization. d. Diminished immune responses require protection from infection.

a. Unknown extent of the disability requires continual adjustments.

A ventroperitoneal shunt is inserted in a 4-month-old infant with hydrocephalus. Which signs of shunt failure should the nurse teach the parents during preparations for the infant's discharge? Select all that apply. a. Vomiting b. Dehydration c. Sunken eyeballs d. Distended fontanels e. Abdominal distention

a. Vomiting d. Distended fontanels

A mother whose infant was found to have cerebral palsy at 6 months of age asks why she was not told that her baby had cerebral palsy when the infant was born. How should the nurse respond? a. "Until there's control of voluntary movement, a diagnosis can't be confirmed." b. "The neurological lesions changed as your baby matured." c. "Joint deformities don't appear until after 6 months of age." d. "The staff members didn't want to alarm you until it was necessary."

a. "Until there's control of voluntary movement, a diagnosis can't be confirmed."

An infant with hydrocephalus has a ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgically inserted. What nursing care is essential during the first 24 hours after this procedure? a. Monitoring the infant for increasing intracranial pressure b. Medicating the infant for pain c. Placing the infant in a high Fowler position d. Positioning the infant on the side that has the shunt

a. Monitoring the infant for increasing intracranial pressure

While in the playroom a school-aged child exhibits twitching of the right arm and leg that almost immediately progresses to a generalized tonic-clonic seizure with clenched jaws. What is the best action for the nurse to take after moving the child to the floor? a. Moving objects away from the child b. Taking the other children to their rooms c. Inserting a plastic airway into the child's mouth d. Positioning a large pillow under the child's head

a. Moving objects away from the child