NRSG exam 2
To confirm an acid-base imbalance, it is necessary to assess which findings from a client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results? Select all that apply. Glucose Na+ pH HCO3 K+ PaCO2
pH HCO3 PaCO2
When evaluating arterial blood gases (ABGs), which value is consistent with metabolic alkalosis? PaCO 36 pH 7.48 O saturation 95% HCO 21 mEq/L
pH 7.48
Which set of arterial blood gas (ABG) results requires further investigation? pH 7.44, PaCO2 43 mm Hg, PaO2 99 mm Hg, and HCO3- 26 mEq/L pH 7.38, partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) 36 mm Hg, partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) 95 mm Hg, bicarbonate (HCO3-) 24 mEq/L pH 7.49, PaCO2 30 mm Hg, PaO2 89 mm Hg, and HCO3- 18 mEq/L pH 7.35, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, PaO2 91 mm Hg, and HCO3- 22 mEq/L
pH 7.49, PaCO2 30 mm Hg, PaO2 89 mm Hg, and HCO3- 18 mEq/L
A client with Guillain-Barré syndrome develops respiratory acidosis as a result of reduced alveolar ventilation. Which combination of arterial blood gas (ABG) values confirms respiratory acidosis? pH, 7.35; PaCO2 40 mm Hg pH, 7.40; PaCO2 35 mm Hg pH, 7.25; PaCO2 50 mm Hg pH, 7.5; PaCO2 30 mm Hg
pH, 7.25; PaCO2 50 mm Hg
The nurse knows which is the normal serum value for potassium? 96-106 mEq/L (96-106 mmol/L). 3.5-5.0 mEq/L (3.5-5.0 mmol/L). 8.5-10.5 mg/dL (2.13-2.63 mmol/L). 135-145 mEq/L (135-145 mmol/L).
3.5-5.0 mEq/L (3.5-5.0 mmol/L).
The nurse is caring for a client who is in respiratory distress. The physician orders arterial blood gases (ABGs) to determine various factors related to blood oxygenation. What site can ABGs be obtained from? The trachea and bronchi A puncture at the radial artery The pleural surfaces A catheter in the arm vein
A puncture at the radial artery
Which of the following is the most common cause of symptomatic hypomagnesemia in the United States? Inflammatory bowel disease Intestinal resection Loss of gastric acid Alcoholism
Alcoholism
The nurse is caring for a client with shock. The nurse is concerned about hypoxemia and metabolic acidosis with the client. What finding should the nurse analyze for evidence of hypoxemia and metabolic acidosis in a client with shock? Arterial blood gas (ABG) findings White blood cell count findings Red blood cells (RBCs) and hemoglobin count findings Serum thyroid level findings
Arterial blood gas (ABG) findings
You are caring for a client with shock. You are concerned about hypoxemia and metabolic acidosis with your client. What finding should you analyze for evidence of hypoxemia and metabolic acidosis in a client with shock? Serum thyroid level findings Red blood cells (RBCs) and hemoglobin count findings White blood cell count findings Arterial blood gas (ABG) findings
Arterial blood gas (ABG) findings
Which nerve is implicated in the Chvostek's sign? Facial Hypoglossal Spinal accessory Optic
Facial
The nurse is assessing a hospital client who has severe obesity. The nurse's review of the client's latest arterial blood gases reveals PaCO2 of 48 mm Hg and PaO2 of 76 mm Hg. Inspection reveals a respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute with shallow ventilation. What intervention should be included in the client's plan of care? Ambulate the client at least every 2 hours Keep the head of the client's bed at a 90-degree angle Keep the client in a low Fowler position when in bed Keep physical activity to a minimum
Keep the client in a low Fowler position when in bed
Hypocalcemia is associated with which of the following manifestations? Fatigue Muscle twitching Bowel hypomotility Polyuria
Muscle twitching
A 64-year-old client is brought in to the clinic feeling thirsty with dry, sticky mucous membranes; decreased urine output; fever; a rough tongue; and is lethargic. Serum sodium level is above 145 mEq/l (145 mmol/L). Should the nurse start salt tablets when caring for this client? Yes, this will correct the sodium deficit. Yes, along with the hypotonic IV. No, sodium intake should be restricted. No, start with the sodium chloride IV.
No, sodium intake should be restricted.
A client with pancreatic cancer has the following blood chemistry profile: Glucose, fasting: 204 mg/dl; blood urea nitrogen (BUN): 12 mg/dl; Creatinine: 0.9 mg/dl; Sodium: 136 mEq/L; Potassium: 2.2 mEq/L; Chloride: 99 mEq/L; CO2: 33 mEq/L. Which result should the nurse identify as critical and report immediately? Sodium Chloride CO2 Potassium
Potassium
The nurse is reviewing client lab work for a critical lab value. Which value is called to the physician for additional orders? Magnesium:2 mEq/L Potassium: 5.8 mEq/L Calcium: 10 mg/dL Sodium: 138 mEq/L
Potassium: 5.8 mEq/L
Which of the following arterial blood gas results would be consistent with metabolic alkalosis? PaCO2 less than 35 mm Hg Serum bicarbonate of 21 mEq/L Serum bicarbonate of 28 mEq/L pH 7.26
Serum bicarbonate of 28 mEq/L
A client has a serum calcium level of 7.2 mg/dl (1.8 mmol/L). During the physical examination, the nurse expects to assess: Hegar's sign. Homans' sign. Trousseau's sign. Goodell's sign.
Trousseau's sign.
A client was admitted to the hospital unit after 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. The client's spouse became alarmed when the client demonstrated confusion and elevated temperature, and reported "dry mouth." The nurse suspects the client is experiencing which condition? hypercalcemia hypervolemia dehydration hyperkalemia
dehydration
A client with severe hypervolemia is prescribed a loop diuretic and the nurse is concerned with the client experiencing significant sodium and potassium losses. What drug was most likely prescribed? spironolactone furosemide hydrochlorothiazide metolazone
furosemide
A client recovering from an acute asthma attack experiences respiratory alkalosis. The nurse measures a respiratory rate of 46 breaths/minute, a heart rate of 110 beats/minute, a blood pressure of 162/90 mm Hg, and a temperature of 98.6° F (37° C). To help correct respiratory alkalosis, the nurse should: administer antibiotics as ordered. instruct the client to breathe into a paper bag. insert a nasogastric tube (NG) as ordered. administer acetaminophen as ordered.
instruct the client to breathe into a paper bag.
