NSC 170 Chapter 1

The Disease that is the leading cause of death in the US is _____ disease

Heart

Carbohydrate

Major role is to provide energy

Diabetes, stoke and heart disease are chronic diseases caused by _________.

Poor Diet

What is the food source of Reservatrol

Red wine, purple grapes & grape juice

Malnutrition occurs when:

The body is improperly nourished,. People consume nutritionally poor diets.

Which nutrient compromises the smallest percentage of the total body of a healthy man or woman?

Vitamins

What are micronutrients?

Vitamins, minerals

Empty-calorie foods supply most of their calories from

alcohol, unhealthy fats, added sugar

What phytochemicals possible health benefit is that it reduced risk of certain cancers and macular degeneration

alpha-carotene

Food-borne illnesses are caused by

bacteria

What phytochemicals possible health benefit is stimulant effect

caffeine

lipids

energy source

A nutrient that must be supplied by food and cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body is called a(n) _______ nutrient.

essential

With respect to nutrient composition, young women have more ____ compared to young men

fat

Metabolic reactions are involved in

generating energy, eliminating waste products, making proteins

What is the state of health when the body is improperly nourished, including under and over nutrition

malnutrition

Vitamins

regulation of body processes, including call metabolism

What phytochemicals possible health benefit is that it may kill certain microbes

saponins

A cell is the name of the _____ living functional unit in an organism

smallest

Nutrient toxicity may result from

taking supplements and eating large amounts of foods that are fortified

Water

temperature regulation

Which nutrient comprises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy man or woman

water

_______ is considered the most essential nutrient.

water

What protects cells and their components from being damaged or destroyed by exposure to certain environment and internal factors?

Antioxidants

Lipid

Necessary for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins

Our body needs ________, found in foods, to function properly

Nutrients

______ is the study of how the body uses nutrients

Nutrition

Nutrients that have carbon in their chemical structures are called ___________ ___________.

Organic Nutrients

Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are called macronutrients because

Our body needs them in large amounts on a daily basis

______ prevent cell damage and destruction, which is a factor in reducing risk for heart disease and certain cancers

Phytochemicals

The nutrient(s) that share a dual role of regulating body processes and providing energy for the rest of the body are:

Protein and lipids

What phytochemicals possible health benefit has antioxidant effects, may inhibit cancer growth

Quercetin

A personal characteristic that increases a person's chances of developing a disease is called a

Risk Factor

A personal characteristic that increases a person's changes of developing a disease is called a _____ _____.

Risk Factor

T/F many popular dietary supplements are not helpful and may even be harmful

Ture

Which two nutrients provide no usable calories for the body?

Vitamins and minerals

Protein

cellular development, growth, and maintenance

When a nutrient is missing or deficient in the diet, a ______ disease develops

deficiency

In general, because they are concentrated sources of energy, high fat foods are _____ _____.

energy dense

The energy value of a food in relation to its weight is called

energy density

The nutrients that share a dual role of regulating body processes and providing energy to the rest of the body are:

lipids, proteins

Possible health benefit of Saponins

may kill certain microbes

The sum of all the chemical reactions that provide energy for the body to preform work is termed

metabolism

What is the food source of Beta carotene

orange, red, and yellow fruits and vegetables

What is the substance found in many plants that is not considered a nutrient but has many healthful benefits

phytochemicals

Beta-carotene, lutein, and lycopene are examples of phytochemical that may

reduce the risk of certain cancers and reduce the risk of macular degeneration

possible health benefit of Alpha carotene

reduced risk of certain cancers and macular degeneration

minerals

regulation of fluid balance

The leading cause of preventable deaths in the US is

smoking

What is the food source of Isoflavonoids

soybeans & legumes

Possible health benefit of caffeine

stimulant effect

What is the food source of Caffeine

tea, coffee, and cocoa

Nutrient toxicity may result from_____

*eating large amounts of food that are fortified *taking supplements

Possible health benefit of Quercetin

Antioxidant effect, may inhibit cancer growth

How many centimeters in a meter

100

How many kcals are provided from a food containing 4 grams of protein?

16

How many kilocalories is provided by 10 grams of pure alcohol?

70 kilocalories

A gram of fat contains ________ kcalories.

9

Organic nutrients include:

Carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins

Common metric prefixes that indicate a fraction of a meter include

Deci(d), centi (c)