NSC 170 Chapter 1
The Disease that is the leading cause of death in the US is _____ disease
Heart
Carbohydrate
Major role is to provide energy
Diabetes, stoke and heart disease are chronic diseases caused by _________.
Poor Diet
What is the food source of Reservatrol
Red wine, purple grapes & grape juice
Malnutrition occurs when:
The body is improperly nourished,. People consume nutritionally poor diets.
Which nutrient compromises the smallest percentage of the total body of a healthy man or woman?
Vitamins
What are micronutrients?
Vitamins, minerals
Empty-calorie foods supply most of their calories from
alcohol, unhealthy fats, added sugar
What phytochemicals possible health benefit is that it reduced risk of certain cancers and macular degeneration
alpha-carotene
Food-borne illnesses are caused by
bacteria
What phytochemicals possible health benefit is stimulant effect
caffeine
lipids
energy source
A nutrient that must be supplied by food and cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body is called a(n) _______ nutrient.
essential
With respect to nutrient composition, young women have more ____ compared to young men
fat
Metabolic reactions are involved in
generating energy, eliminating waste products, making proteins
What is the state of health when the body is improperly nourished, including under and over nutrition
malnutrition
Vitamins
regulation of body processes, including call metabolism
What phytochemicals possible health benefit is that it may kill certain microbes
saponins
A cell is the name of the _____ living functional unit in an organism
smallest
Nutrient toxicity may result from
taking supplements and eating large amounts of foods that are fortified
Water
temperature regulation
Which nutrient comprises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy man or woman
water
_______ is considered the most essential nutrient.
water
What protects cells and their components from being damaged or destroyed by exposure to certain environment and internal factors?
Antioxidants
Lipid
Necessary for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
Our body needs ________, found in foods, to function properly
Nutrients
______ is the study of how the body uses nutrients
Nutrition
Nutrients that have carbon in their chemical structures are called ___________ ___________.
Organic Nutrients
Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are called macronutrients because
Our body needs them in large amounts on a daily basis
______ prevent cell damage and destruction, which is a factor in reducing risk for heart disease and certain cancers
Phytochemicals
The nutrient(s) that share a dual role of regulating body processes and providing energy for the rest of the body are:
Protein and lipids
What phytochemicals possible health benefit has antioxidant effects, may inhibit cancer growth
Quercetin
A personal characteristic that increases a person's chances of developing a disease is called a
Risk Factor
A personal characteristic that increases a person's changes of developing a disease is called a _____ _____.
Risk Factor
T/F many popular dietary supplements are not helpful and may even be harmful
Ture
Which two nutrients provide no usable calories for the body?
Vitamins and minerals
Protein
cellular development, growth, and maintenance
When a nutrient is missing or deficient in the diet, a ______ disease develops
deficiency
In general, because they are concentrated sources of energy, high fat foods are _____ _____.
energy dense
The energy value of a food in relation to its weight is called
energy density
The nutrients that share a dual role of regulating body processes and providing energy to the rest of the body are:
lipids, proteins
Possible health benefit of Saponins
may kill certain microbes
The sum of all the chemical reactions that provide energy for the body to preform work is termed
metabolism
What is the food source of Beta carotene
orange, red, and yellow fruits and vegetables
What is the substance found in many plants that is not considered a nutrient but has many healthful benefits
phytochemicals
Beta-carotene, lutein, and lycopene are examples of phytochemical that may
reduce the risk of certain cancers and reduce the risk of macular degeneration
possible health benefit of Alpha carotene
reduced risk of certain cancers and macular degeneration
minerals
regulation of fluid balance
The leading cause of preventable deaths in the US is
smoking
What is the food source of Isoflavonoids
soybeans & legumes
Possible health benefit of caffeine
stimulant effect
What is the food source of Caffeine
tea, coffee, and cocoa
Nutrient toxicity may result from_____
*eating large amounts of food that are fortified *taking supplements
Possible health benefit of Quercetin
Antioxidant effect, may inhibit cancer growth
How many centimeters in a meter
100
How many kcals are provided from a food containing 4 grams of protein?
16
How many kilocalories is provided by 10 grams of pure alcohol?
70 kilocalories
A gram of fat contains ________ kcalories.
9
Organic nutrients include:
Carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins
Common metric prefixes that indicate a fraction of a meter include
Deci(d), centi (c)