NURS101 Practice HESI
A client tells the nurse, "I keep reverting to my old habit of drinking soda, although I have stopped drinking as much." What stage of health behavior change has the client reached? A. Action stage B. Preparation stage C. Maintenance stage D. Contemplation stage
A. Action stage The client in this situation has reached the action stage of health behavior change. In this stage, old habits may get in the way of new behaviors. In the preparation stage, the client understands that the advantages of the health behavior change outweigh its disadvantages. In this situation, the client has already made changes in health behavior. In the maintenance stage, the client continues the health behavior change indefinitely. In the contemplation stage, the client may be ambivalent but is more ready to accept information regarding health behavior change.
A nursing student is listing examples of active and passive health promotion strategies. Which strategy is an example of a passive health promotion strategy? A. Weight-reduction program B. Smoking-cessation program C. Drug abuse prevention strategy D. Fluoridation of municipal drinking water
D. Fluoridation of municipal drinking water. Passive strategies of health promotion help people benefit from the activities of others without direct involvement. The fluoridation of municipal drinking water is an example of a passive health promotion strategy. Active strategies of health promotion require clients to adopt specific programs for improving health. Weight-reduction programs, smoking-cessation programs, and drug abuse prevention strategies are examples of active health promotion activities.
A registered nurse is educating a nursing student on the various classifications of torts. What acts are classified as intentional torts in nursing practice? Select all that apply. A. Battery B. Assault C. Negligence D. Malpractice E. False Imprisonment
A, B, and E. Intentional torts include battery, assault, and false imprisonment. Unintentional torts include negligence and malpractice.
What are the important points to be considered when imparting practical knowledge to nursing students about preventing complications in the hospital? Select all that apply. A. Nursing students are not accountable if a client is harmed. B. Nursing students should never be assigned any tasks they are unprepared for. C. Nursing students are employees of the hospital and may act as witnesses to consent forms. D. Nursing students can work as nursing assistants or nurse's aides when not attending classes. E. Nursing students should notify the nursing supervisor in case they are delegated tasks they are not prepared for.
A, D, and E. Nursing students should never be assigned to perform tasks for which they are unprepared. A nursing student can work as a nursing assistant or a nurse's aide when not attending classes. In case anyone instructs a nursing student to perform a task that he or she is unprepared for, the nursing supervisor should be notified as soon as possible. A nursing student is indeed accountable if a client is harmed. A nursing student is not an employee of the hospital and he or she cannot act as a witness to consent forms because these forms are legal documents.
A nursing student is listing the points that need to be remembered regarding the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) program. Which point listed by the nursing student is accurate? A. "The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) has a contract with the federal government." B. "The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) protects the donor's estate from liability for injury or damage." C. "The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) gives priority to international clients who need organs on an urgent basis." D. "The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) provides civil and criminal immunity to the hospital and the primary healthcare provider."
A. "The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) has a contract with the federal government." The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) has a contract with the federal government. The National Organ Transplant Act of 1984 protects the donor's estate from liability for injury or damage. The United Network for Organ Sharing gives priority to clients in their geographical area who need organs on an urgent basis. The National Organ Transplant Act of 1984 provides civil and criminal immunity to the hospital and the healthcare provider.
A registered nurse is educating a nursing student about the stages of changes in a client's health behavior. Which statement describes the stage of contemplation? A. "The client considers a change within the next 6 months." B. "The client does not intend to make changes within the next 6 months." C. "The client is actively engaged in strategies to change D. "The client displays sustained change over time; this begins 6 months after action has started and continues indefinitely."
A. "The client considers a change within the next 6 months." In the contemplation stage, the client considers a change within the next 6 months. In the precontemplation stage, the client does not intend to make changes within the next 6 months. In the action stage, the client is actively engaged in strategies to change behavior. This stage lasts up to 6 months. When sustained change is noticed over time and begins 6 months after action has started and continues indefinitely, the client has reached the maintenance stage.
The professional obligation of a nurse to assume responsibility for actions is referred to as what? A. Accountability B. Individuality C. Responsibility D. Bioethics
A. Accountability Nurses have an obligation to uphold the highest standards of practice, assume full responsibility for actions, and maintain quality in the knowledge base and skill of the profession; this is referred to as accountability. Individuality and responsibility are positive characteristics of the nurse but are not necessarily professional obligations. Bioethics is a field of study concerned with the ethics and philosophical implications of certain biologic and medical procedures and treatments.
What purpose does block and parish nursing serve in preventive and primary care services? A. Block and parish nursing provides services to older clients or those who are unable to leave their homes. B. Block and parish nursing provides primary care to a specific client population that lives in a specific community. C. Block and parish nursing provides nursing services with a focus on health promotion and education as well as on chronic disease. D. Block and parish nursing provides services aimed at increasing worker productivity, decreasing absenteeism, and reducing the use of expensive medical care.
A. Block and parish nursing provides services to older clients or those who are unable to leave their homes. Block and parish nursing provides services to older clients or those who are unable to leave their homes. Community health centers provide primary care to a specific client population living in a specific community. Nurse-managed clinics provide nursing services with a focus on health promotion and education as well as on chronic disease. Occupational health services provide services that aim to increase worker productivity, decrease absenteeism, and reduce the use of expensive medical care.
What purpose does a community health center serve in preventive and primary care services? A. Community health centers are outpatient clinics that provide primary care to a specific population. B. Community health centers aim to increase worker productivity, decrease absenteeism, and reduce the use of costly medical care. C. Community health centers emphasize program management, interdisciplinary collaboration, and community health principles. D. Community health centers include a complete program designed for health promotion and accident or illness prevention in the workplace.
A. Community health center are outpatient clinics that provide primary care to a specific population. Community health centers are outpatient clinics that provide primary care to a specific population, such as clients with young children or clients with diabetes. Occupational health services aim to increase worker productivity, decrease absenteeism, and reduce the use of costly medical care. School health services emphasize program management, interdisciplinary collaboration, and community health principles. Occupational health services include a complete program designed for health promotion and accident or illness prevention in the workplace.
An octogenarian client asks the nurse about the United States' government-funded national health insurance program. About which healthcare plan should the nurse inform the client? A. Medicare B. Long-term care insurance C. Private insurance D. Preferred provider organization
A. Medicare Medicare is a government-funded national health insurance program for people 65 years and older in the United States. The nurse should inform the client about this plan. Long-term care insurance is a supplemental insurance for the coverage of long-term care services. Private insurance is a traditional fee-for-service plan in which the payment is computed on basis of the number of services used after the client is treated. A preferred provider organization is a type of managed care plan that limits an enrollee's choice to a list of preferred hospitals, physicians, and providers.
A nursing student is recalling the definition of Nurse Practice Acts. What do the Nurse Practice Acts do? A. Nurse Practice Acts describe and define the legal boundaries of nursing practice within each state. B. Nurse Practice Acts reflect the knowledge and skills possessed by nurses practicing in their profession. C. Nurse Practice Acts are legal requirements that describe the minimum acceptable nursing care. D. Nurse Practice Acts protect individuals from losing their health insurance when changing jobs by providing portability.
A. Nurse Practice Acts describe and define the legal boundaries of nursing practice within each state. The Nurse Practice Acts describe and define the legal boundaries of nursing practice within each state. They help to distinguish between nursing and medical practice and establish education and licensure requirements for nurses. Standards of care reflect the knowledge and skills possessed by nurses who are active practitioners in their profession. Standards of care are legal requirements that define the minimum acceptable nursing care. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) protects individuals from losing their health insurance when changing jobs by providing portability.
A nursing student is listing the different aspects of the healthcare services pyramid. Under which type of healthcare services should the nursing student include family planning? A. Primary care B. Continuing care C. Restorative care D. Secondary Acute care
A. Primary Care The nursing student should include family planning under primary care. Family planning is not a part of continuing care, restorative care or secondary acute care healthcare services.
A registered nurse is educating a nursing student about the process of resolving an ethical dilemma. What information should the nurse provide regarding negotiation of outcomes? A. "A nurse should provide a personal point of view." B. "Negotiations should be held in formal settings only." C. "Negotiation takes place immediately after gathering information." D. "The group agrees to a statement of the problem during the negotiation process."
AA. "A nurse should provide a personal point of view." During the process of negotiating outcomes, the nurse is required to provide a personal point of view. Negotiations may take place informally at the client's bedside or in a formal setting. After gathering relevant information regarding an ethical dilemma, the nurse is required to examine his or her own values and formulate an opinion regarding the matter. When verbalizing the problem, the group agrees to a statement of the problem to begin discussions. This step is performed before negotiating outcomes. Negotiations take place after determining all possible courses of action.
What services do community health centers provide in preventive and primary care services? Select all that apply. A. Day care B. Health screenings C. Physical assessments D. Disease management E. Acute and chronic care management
B, C, and D Health screenings, physical assessments, and disease management services are provided by community health centers in preventive and primary care services. Day care and acute and chronic care management services are provided by nurse-managed clinics.
A primary healthcare provider notes that all conventional treatment procedures have proved to be ineffective in managing a client's disorder. The primary healthcare provider decides to try an experimental treatment. The nurse ensures that the client has understood the implications of the new treatment plan thoroughly and then signs the client's consent form as a witness. Which basic healthcare ethic does the nurse follow in this situation? A. Justice B. Autonomy C. Beneficence D. Nonmaleficence
B. Autonomy Autonomy refers to the commitment to include clients in decisions about all aspects of care as a way of acknowledging and protecting their independence. In the given situation, the nurse ensures that the client has thoroughly understood the new treatment plan before gaining written consent. This ensures that the client is involved in the decision-making process appropriately. Justice refers to fairness. The given situation does not deal with fairness. Beneficence refers to taking positive actions to help others. This involves keeping the interests of the client before self-interest. Nonmaleficence is the avoidance of harm or hurt. Weighing the pros and cons of the new treatment plan would involve nonmaleficence.
An unemancipated pediatric client is to undergo a medical procedure. Who is the appropriate authority to provide consent? A. The court B. Either of the child's parents C. One of the child's grandparents D. The parent who holds legal custody
B. Either of the child's parents For unemancipated pediatric clients, the parents are required to provide consent. Either parent may do so. The court intervenes in situations where the parents refuse to allow a child to undergo treatment. A grandparent may provide consent only if the situation is an emergency and the parents are not present. If the parents are divorced, a parent with legal custody of the child may provide consent.
What necessary information should the nurse remember regarding assisted suicide, according to American Nurses Association (ANA) (2008)? A. Nurses may have an open attitude toward the client's end of life. B. Nurses' participation in assisted suicide may violate the code of ethics. C. Nurses may listen to the client's expressions of fear and to attempt to control the client's pain. D. Nurses can participate in assisted suicide only if the individual could make an oral and written request.
B. Nurses' participation in assisted suicide may violate the code of ethics. According to the ANA, a nurse's participation in assisted suicide will violate their code of ethics. According to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) and the International Council of Nurses', the nurse may have an open attitude toward the client's end of life. According to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) and the International Council of Nurses', nurses may listen to the client's expressions of fear and to attempt to control the client's pain. According to the Oregon Death with Dignity Act (1994) the primary health care provider in the state of Oregon can participate in assisted suicide only if an individual with terminal disease makes an oral and written request to end his or her life in a humane and dignified manner.
What does the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) of 1986 state? A. The act states that employees can change jobs without losing health insurance coverage. B. The act states that the hospital should not discharge or transfer a client if an emergency condition exists. C. The act states that the hospital protects a person who is HIV positive but does not have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). D. The act states that health care institutions should provide written information to clients concerning their rights under state law to make decisions.
B. The act states that the hospital should not discharge or transfer a client if an emergency condition exists. According to the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) act, the hospital should not discharge or transfer a client if an emergency condition exists. According to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), employees can change jobs without losing health insurance coverage. According to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990, the hospital protects a person who is HIV positive but does not have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). According to the Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) of 1991, healthcare institutions should provide written information to clients about their rights under state law to make decisions.
A nurse is caring for a client with pain after surgery. The nurse takes the blood pressure and pulse rate of the client and asks the client to rate the level of pain on the pain scale. The nurse then notifies the primary healthcare provider. Which standard of practice does the nurse perform? A. Planning B. Diagnosis C. Assessment D. Implementation
C. Assessment When a nurse collects comprehensive data relevant to the client's health or the situation, it is considered assessment. In the given scenario, the nurse is assessing the client to minimize pain. Planning refers to instances when a nurse develops a plan to attain expected outcomes. Diagnosis refers to instances when the nurse analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. Implementation refers to instances when the nurse implements the identified plan.
A nurse is helping a client to maintain and regain health, manage his or her disease and symptoms, and attain a maximal level of function and independence through the healing process. What role is the nurse playing? A. Manager B. Advocate C. Caregiver D. Communicator
C. Caregiver As a caregiver, a nurse helps clients maintain and regain health, manage diseases and symptoms, and attain a maximal level of function and independence through the healing process. As a manager, the nurse coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing care and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or agency. As a client's advocate, the nurse protects the client's human and legal rights and provides assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a communicator, the nurse learns about a client's strengths and weaknesses and his or her needs through effective communication.
A nurse is hired to work in a healthcare facility that has a completely computer-based client information system. The nurse in charge knows that the newly hired nurse is knowledgeable about this system when the nurse says what? A. "More medication errors are made when this system is used." B. "It is disappointing that nurses are not allowed to use this system." C. "Client information is immediately available when this system is used." D. "I will have less time to provide direct care to my clients with this system."
C. Client information is immediately available when this system is used. The intent of these systems is to streamline documentation and record keeping for all appropriate health team members, including nurses. There is a reduction in medication errors with this type of system. Data are immediately available to appropriate health team members without the need to depend on record or chart availability. By streamlining documentation and record keeping, these systems increase opportunities for more direct client care by nurses.
A client is placed on a stretcher and restrained with straps while being transported to the x-ray department. A strap breaks, and the client falls to the floor, sustaining a fractured arm. Later the client shows the strap to the nurse manager, stating, "See, the strap is worn just at the spot where it snapped." What is the nurse's accountability regarding this incident? A. Exempt from any lawsuit because of the doctrine of respondeat superior B. Totally responsible for the obvious negligence because of failure to report defective equipment C. Liable, along with the employer, for misapplication of equipment or use of defective equipment that harms the client D. Exonerated, because only the hospital, as principal employer, is responsible for the quality and maintenance of equipment
C. Liable, along with the employer, for misapplication of equipment or use of defective equipment that harms the client. Using a stretcher with worn straps is negligent; this oversight does not reflect the actions of a reasonably prudent nurse. The nurse is responsible and must ascertain the adequate functioning of equipment. The hospital shares responsibility for safe, functioning equipment.
A registered nurse is teaching an economically challenged client about different healthcare plans. Which healthcare plan is the most expensive? A. Medicaid B. Medicare C. Long-term care insurance (LTC) D. Managed care organization (MCO)
C. Long-term care insurance (LTC) The long-term care insurance (LTC) plan is the most expensive insurance plan.
A client with cancer is undergoing treatment in a hospital. The nurse finds the orders from the primary healthcare provider inappropriate. Clarification from the healthcare provider does not resolve the nurse's doubts. Who should the nurse contact and inform next? A. Risk manager B. Nursing student C. Supervising nurse D. Nurse administrator
C. Supervising nurse The nurse should go to the supervising nurse or follow the established chain of command if he or she finds any discrepancies in the primary healthcare provider's orders. All nurses must act as risk managers, depending upon the situation. The nurse in question should follow the established chain of command to address his or her doubts. A nursing student is still a novice and is too inexperienced to handle such matters. A nurse administrator manages client care and the delivery of specific nursing services within a healthcare agency; a nurse administrator is not the appropriate person to ask for help in solving the problem at hand.
What should a nurse understand regarding the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act? A. The Uniform Anatomical Gift Act prohibits the purchase or sale of organs. B. The Uniform Anatomical Gift Act protects the rights of people with physical or mental disabilities. C. The Uniform Anatomical Gift Act gives individuals who have reached 18 years of age the right to make an organ donation. D. The Uniform Anatomical Gift Act provides civil and criminal immunity to hospitals and healthcare providers who adhere to the act.
C. The Uniform Anatomical Gift Act gives individuals who have reached 18 years of age the right to make an organ donation. According to the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act, individuals who are at least 18 years of age have the right to make organ donations. The National Organ Transplant Act of 1984 prohibits the purchase or sale of organs. The Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) protects the rights of people with physical or mental disabilities. The National Organ Transplant Act of 1984 provides civil and criminal immunity to hospitals and healthcare providers.
A nurse is teaching staff members about the legal terminology used in child abuse. What definition of battery should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Maligning a person's character while threatening to do bodily harm B. A legal wrong committed by one person against property of another C. The application of force to another person without lawful justification D. Behaving in a way that a reasonable person with the same education would not
C. The application of force to another person without lawful justification. Battery means touching in an offensive manner or actually injuring another person. Battery refers to actual bodily harm rather than threats of physical or psychological harm. Battery refers to harm against persons, not property. Behaving in a way that a reasonable person with the same education would not is the definition of negligence.
According to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) competencies for the 21st century, what task should the nurse perform when using evidence-based practice? A. Share decision making and management. B. Cooperate, collaborate, and communicate. C. Practice using basic safety design principles. D. Participate in research activities when possible.
D. Participate in research activities when possible. According to IOM competencies for the 21st century, when using evidence-based practice, the nurse should participate in research activities when possible. When providing client-centered care, the nurse should share decision making and management. When working in interdisciplinary teams, the nurse should cooperate, collaborate, and communicate. When applying quality improvement, the nurse should practice using basic safety design principles.
When should a medical examiner decide whether a postmortem examination should be conducted? A. When a client dies under normal circumstances B. When a client dies after 48 hours of admission to the hospital C. When a client dies within 24 hours of admission to the hospital D. When the client gives a written consent to perform autopsy before death
C. When a client dies within 24 hours of admission to the hospital. If a client dies within 24 hours of admission to the hospital, the medical examiner is required to decide whether a postmortem examination should be conducted. If a client dies under suspicious circumstances, the medical examiner decides whether a postmortem examination is necessary. The medical examiner does not make the decision regarding postmortem examination if the client dies after 48 hours of being admitted to the hospital. A client may give a written consent before death to perform an autopsy. Such instances are not subject to the review of the medical examiner.
A nursing student is listing the professional responsibilities and roles of the nurse. Who is the most independently functioning nurse? A. Nurse educator B. Nurse researcher C. Nurse administrator D. Advanced practice registered nurse
D. Advanced practice registered nurse. The advanced practice registered nurse is the most independently functioning nurse. The nurse educator, nurse researcher, and nurse administrator all must be associated with an organization to pursue their professional prospects.
