Nursing 807 Exam 2
The nurse has finished teaching a 15-year-old client how to use an inhaler to treat asthma. What statement by the client suggests an understanding of the teaching? "I should take a deep breath, hold it while I administer the medication, and then exhale." "I need to shake the inhaler well before taking the medication." "I need to take three short, quick breaths to inhale the medication." "I need to wait at least 30 minutes after the first inhalation before taking a second."
"I need to shake the inhaler well before taking the medication."
A female client has GERD and is taking ranitidine (Zantac). She continues to have gastric discomfort and asks whether she can take an antacid. Which is an appropriate response by the nurse? "Sure, you may take an antacid with ranitidine." "No, the two drugs will work against each other." "Yes, but be sure to wait at least 2 hours to take the antacid after you take the ranitidine." "I wouldn't advise it. You may experience severe constipation."
"Yes, but be sure to wait at least 2 hours to take the antacid after you take the ranitidine."
A client receives diphenhydramine orally. The nurse would expect this drug to begin acting within which time frame? 15 to 30 minutes 30 to 45 minutes 45 to 60 minutes 60 to 75 minutes
15 to 30 minutes
A male client presents with symptoms of bronchospasm that occurred during a birthday party for his grandson. What medication would the nurse expect the health care provider to give the client? Albuterol Asthmacort Theophylline Omalizumab
Albuterol
The client has been diagnosed with asthma and is being treated with two inhalers, albuterol and flunisolide. The nurse teaches the client that the two medications should be administered in what order? Flunisolide first, wait five minutes and then follow with albuterol Albuterol first, wait five minutes and then follow with flunisolide Flunisolide followed immediately by albuterol Albuterol followed immediately by flunisolide
Albuterol first, wait five minutes and then follow with flunisolide
A client reports a hacking cough. The client asks if taking an antihistamine would be helpful. The nurse's best response is: Antihistamines are not used for this issue. Antihistamines are recommended for extended use, as long as you monitor for adverse effects. Antihistamines are not recommended for this issue; only antibiotics are useful. Antihistamines are not recommended because they can dry lower respiratory secretions and worsen secretion retention and cough.
Antihistamines are not recommended because they can dry lower respiratory secretions and worsen secretion retention and cough.
Why are antihistamines administered intramuscularly instead of subcutaneously? Antihistamines irritate subcutaneous tissue Antihistamines are not absorbed from subcutaneous tissue Antihistamines result in more side effects when administered subcutaneously Antihistamines cause hypertension when administered subcutaneously
Antihistamines irritate subcutaneous tissue
A health care provider prescribes a chemical stimulant laxative. Which would be appropriate? Bisacodyl Polycarbophil Docusate Lactulose
Bisacodyl
The pharmacology instructor is explaining the difference between bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs. How does an anti-inflammatory drug reduce bronchoconstriction? Increases ability to metabolize medication Decreases formation of mucus secretions Increases reactivity to medication By decreasing airway hyperreactivity to various stimuli
By decreasing airway hyperreactivity to various stimuli
A 71-year-old man with a history of heart disease and diabetes has had an antihistamine prescribed. The nurse is concerned with this prescription because of the risk for: Cardiac arrhythmias Increased salivation and choking Severe constipation Insomnia
Cardiac arrhythmias
Which is a side effect a nurse should recognize after administration of hydroxyzine? Client rubbing eyes, reporting blurry vision. Client is having shortness of breath. Client is having 2 or 3 loose stools a day. Client reporting nausea and vomiting.
Client rubbing eyes, reporting blurry vision. because anticholinergic
A nurse is caring for an elderly patient who has been administered cimetidine. Which intervention should the nurse perform? Monitor the patient for reports of pain or sour taste. Monitor the patient for concentrated urine and restlessness. Closely monitor the patient for confusion and dizziness. Inform the PHCP if the patient exhibits tardive dyskinesia symptoms.
Closely monitor the patient for confusion and dizziness.
A client who has chronic bronchial asthma has had a mast cell stabilizer prescribed. What drug would the health care provider prescribe? Ipratropium or budesonide Isoetharine or montelukast Cromolyn Aminophylline or caffeine
Cromolyn
When teaching a client about an antacid containing aluminum, what would the nurse include? Decreased risk for acid rebound Increased risk for hyperphosphatemia Increased risk for diarrhea Decreased risk for calcium imbalance
Decreased risk for acid rebound
The nurse is caring for an 89-year-old client with frequent liquid stools. When preparing a plan of care for this client, what nursing diagnosis is a priority? Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements Deficient fluid volume Deficient knowledge related to medications Pain related to abdominal cramping
Deficient fluid volume
The pharmacology instructor is discussing the adverse effects of diphenhydramine. Which is not one of these effects? Dry mouth Blurred vision Excessive salivation Drowsiness
Excessive salivation
The client has mild, persistent asthma. The nurse anticipates the healthcare provider prescribing which daily medications? Albuterol Levalbuterol Terbutaline Fluticasone
Fluticasone
determines a need for additional teaching when the students identify which agent as an example? Fluticasone Montelukast Zileuton Zafirkulast
Fluticasone
Which adverse effect is more likely to be caused by cimetidine than by other H2RAs? Hypoxia Hypertension Gynecomastia Seizures
Gynecomastia
A nurse is providing health education to a client recently diagnosed with asthma and prescribed albuterol and ipratropium. Which of the client's statements suggests a need for clarification by the nurse? "I'll try to make sure that I drink plenty of fluids each day." I'll keep taking my medications until I'm not experiencing any more symptoms." "I'll make sure I don't take my inhalers more often than they've been prescribed." "I'm a heavy coffee drinker, but I know that I now know I need to cut down on this."
I'll keep taking my medications until I'm not experiencing any more symptoms."
What is the preferred route for administering promethazine? Oral Subcutaneous Intramuscular Intravenous
IM
A group of students are reviewing the actions of laxatives on the GI tract. The students demonstrate understanding when they state what about bulk stimulants? Increase the fluid in the intestinal contents Directly stimulate the nerve plexus in the intestinal wall Allow formation of a slippery coat on the intestinal contents Selectively antagonize opioid binding
Increase the fluid in the intestinal contents
Which adverse reaction of proton pump inhibitors is specific to menopausal women with osteoporosis? Headache Abdominal pain Increased fracture risk Diarrhea
Increased fracture risk
Which is a common cause of diarrhea in older adults? The normal aging process Poor muscle tone Laxative overuse Glaucoma
Laxative overuse
Which part of the brain is responsible for autonomic functioning such as ventilation, cardiac conduction, and vomiting? Medulla oblongata Pineal gland Pituitary gland Tegmentum Hypothalamus
Medulla oblongata
A client with COPD takes theophylline. The nurse identifies that the client is still experiencing severe dyspnea. Upon review of labs, the theophylline level remains nontherapeutic. The nurse evaluates the client for which of the following drugs that may cause decreased theophylline levels? Allopurinol Nicotine Cimetidine Corticosteroids
Nicotine
Which is classified as a decongestant? Oxymetazoline (Afrin) Levocetirizine (Xyzal) Dextromethorphan (Delsym) Azelastine (Astelin)
Oxymetazoline (Afrin)
A group of students demonstrate understanding of topical decongestants, identifying them as: Sympathomimetics Sympatholytics Parasympathomimetics Parasympatholytics
Sympathomimetics
The nose plays an important role in breathing. When air passes through the nose, what happens? It decreases the number of pathogens inhaled. The air is warmed and humidified. Carbon dioxide will not be inhaled. It simulates surfactant release from the alveoli.
The air is warmed and humidified.
Which intervention has priority when caring for an older adult client who has been prescribed a phenothiazine for reported nausea? The client is identified as a possible falls risk Frequent oral care to manage oral dryness Monitoring the client for signs of anorexia Assessing the client for pink tinged urine
The client is identified as a possible falls risk
Why are inhaled steroids used to treat asthma and COPD? They act locally to decrease release of inflammatory mediators They act locally to improve mobilization of edema They act locally to increase histamine release They act locally to decrease histamine release
They act locally to decrease release of inflammatory mediators
Second-generation H1 antagonists cause less CNS depression because they are selective for peripheral H1 receptors and because of which other property? They are excreted by the renal system. They are metabolized by the liver. They cross the blood-brain barrier. They do not cross the blood-brain barrier.
They do not cross the blood-brain barrier.
he nurse is aware that the health care provider often orders combination therapy for the treatment of asthma for what reason? To counteract the adverse effects of each different drug To allow for smaller doses of each agent to be given To provide a comprehensive cure for asthma To decrease the cost of asthma therapy
To allow for smaller doses of each agent to be given
The nurse is preparing a client for pacemaker surgery. The health care provider orders atropine to be given 30 minutes before the client is taken to the operating room. The nurse knows this medication is ordered for what reason? To increase the heart rate to prevent complication prior to the pacemaker being inserted To dry up respiratory secretions to prevent aspiration during surgery To cause bladder relaxation during surgery so that the client will not have the urge to void during surgery To relax the bowel to prevent the client from having a bowel movement during surgery
To dry up respiratory secretions to prevent aspiration during surgery
In which of the following scenarios would the nurse question the order for ondansetron (Zofran)? Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux Treatment of nausea and vomiting as a result of chemotherapy Prevention of nausea and vomiting from chemotherapy Prevention of postoperative nausea or vomiting
Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux
What is the rationale for using two antimicrobials when treating a Helicobacter pylori infection? Two antimicrobials are needed to prevent the emergence of drug-resistant H. pylori organisms. A single antimicrobial is generally not strong enough to eradicate the infection. Two different microbes are involved, requiring two different antimicrobials. One antimicrobial tends to alter the action of the adjunct medications.
Two antimicrobials are needed to prevent the emergence of drug-resistant H. pylori organisms.
What causes the inflammation of nasal mucosa that is seen in allergic rhinitis?
Type I hypersensitivity reaction to Inhaled allergens
A group of nursing students are reviewing cardiotonic drugs. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which adverse reaction associated with cardiotonic medications? Visual disturbances Diarrhea Constipation Restlessness
Visual disturbances
A 71-year-old man is at a sick appointment due to constipation. After obtaining his bowel history, the health care provider performs an exam and indicates that he sees no problem with the client's bowel history. In his client education, how often does the provider indicate normal defecation occurs? There is no normal number of bowel movements. Defecation occurs less than seven times per week. Defecation occurs more than three times per week. All of the choices are correct
all are correct
The nurse is seeing a 69-year-old client who is highly physically active and consumes a balanced diet that includes adequate fluid intake. Despite this, the client states experiencing occasional constipation in recent months. What remedy should be the nurse's first suggestion? Bismuth subsalicylate A bulk-forming (fiber) laxative A stimulant laxative A hyperosmotic laxative
bulk-forming (fiber) laxative
Normal respiration requires that breathing gases
contain at least 21% oxygen.
What is the main action of antiemetics? Altering CNS actions to decrease perception of nausea Speeding up the GI tract so the stomach empties rapidly Depressing hyperactive vomiting reflex Changing the perception of motion in motion sickness
depressing hyperactive vomiting reflex
Administering an antacid to a client taking which medications will decrease the absorption of the medication and result in a decreased drug effect? Digoxin Quinidine Dextroamphetamine Simvastatin
digoxin
A client who has suffered a myocardial infarction is prescribed a laxative to help prevent straining during defecation. Which medication would the nurse expect to administer? docusate psyllium lubiprostone lactulose
docusate (colace)
A health care provider orders diphenoxylate to treat a client who has severe hepatorenal disease. The nurse calls the provider to question this order because it may precipitate: hepatic coma. hyperkalemia. hypercalcemia. hyperglycemia.
hepatic coma
A client experiences bronchospasm with asthma. The nurse understands that this is due to: Cytokines Histamine Norepinephrine Serotonin
histamine
Different medications are used to treat the differing causes of nausea and vomiting. Antihistamines may be effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting created by: motion sickness. drugs. surgery. radiation therapy.
motion sicknesss
A nurse is reviewing information about proton pump inhibitors. The nurse recognizes that which of the following is available as an over-the-counter agent? Lansoprazole Omeprazole Rabeprazole Esomeprazole
omeprazole
Leukotriene receptor antagonists are administered orally.
true
A caregiver of a 1-year-old asks the nurse if they can give the diphenoxylate that was prescribed for an older sibling to the child. Which is the nurse's best response? "Children younger than 1 year of age should not be given this medication." "The medication needs to be adjusted for the 1-year-old's weight." "I will call the prescriber to find out if this is safe." "There are over-the-counter medications that are better for the 1-year-old."
"Children younger than 1 year of age should not be given this medication."
A client is in the clinic for seasonal allergic rhinitis. Loratadine (Claritin) is prescribed. Which statement will the nurse include when providing education concerning this drug? "Be sure to take this medication on a full stomach." "Determine if the drug is going to make you drowsy before you drive." "You should take the medication twice a day." "This drug has to be taken every 4 to 6 hours."
"Determine if the drug is going to make you drowsy before you drive."
A nursing professor has just finished a lecture regarding histamines. Which of the following statements made by students would indicate that the teaching was effective? Select all that apply. "Histamines are the last chemical mediators to be released in immune and inflammatory responses." "Histamines are synthesized and stored in most body tissues." "Histamines are located mainly in secretory granules of mast cells and basophils." "Histamines diffuse rapidly into other tissues once released."
"Histamines are synthesized and stored in most body tissues." "Histamines diffuse rapidly into other tissues once released." "Histamines are located mainly in secretory granules of mast cells and basophils."
A nurse is teaching a client about omeprazole, which has been prescribed as part of a regimen to treat an H. pylori infection. What statement, made by the client, suggests that the client understands proper use of the drug? "I should crush the medication and mix it into apple sauce." "It is important that I take the drug after each meal." "I need to swallow the drug whole." "I'll have to stop using antacids."
"I need to swallow the drug whole."
A nurse is teaching a 55-year-old client about fexofenadine prescribed to treat allergic symptoms. Which client statement suggests an understanding of this teaching? "Taking this medication shouldn't stop me from having my after-dinner drink." "It's safe to take this medication with the nighttime sinus medication that I've been using." "I should avoid driving after taking this medication." "This medication has no serious side effects."
"I should avoid driving after taking this medication."
Which statement by the client leads the nurse to believe that the client needs additional instruction regarding the nasal decongestant? "I will blow my nose before instilling the nasal spray." "I will report any dizziness, drowsiness, or rapid pulse." "I will drink 2,000 to 3,000 mL of fluid daily." "I will use it only when I have nasal discharge."
"I will use it only when I have nasal discharge."
The nurse is about to administer diphenoxylate (Lomotil) to a client for the first time. Which of the following side effects should be included in the teaching about this medication? "You can expect to feel an increase in energy on this medication." "This medication has few side effects so you may not notice any." "Perianal irritation is a side effect of this medication." "This medication may make you feel lightheaded or drowsy."
"This medication may make you feel lightheaded or drowsy."
A nurse is preparing to administer hydroxyzine to the nauseated client. Which is included in the teaching plan about the medication? "The medication may make you feel more alert, like coffee." "The drug will aid in making you feel less nauseated by stimulating your intestines." "This medication will help with the nausea by making you drowsy." "I will mix this medication with applesauce to help you feel better."
"This medication will help with the nausea by making you drowsy."
The health care provider has prescribed sucralfate for a client with a gastric ulcer. The client asks how long he must take this medication. What is the nurse's best response to this client? "You must take this medication for the full 10 days." "You will need to take this medication for 4 to 8 weeks to ensure healing has occurred." "You will need to take this medication for the rest of your life." "You will take it for 5 days, then skip 5 days, then take it for another 5 days and you will be done with it."
"You will need to take this medication for 4 to 8 weeks to ensure healing has occurred."
The nurse should counsel a client to discontinue use of over-the-counter antidiarrheals and seek treatment from a health care provider if diarrhea persists for how long? 2 days 1 day 12 hours 7 days
2 days
Recovering from laxative abuse takes time and patience. After using laxatives to stimulate defecation, approximately how long will it take for the fecal column to re-establish with normal food intake? 2 to 3 days 1 to 2 days 3 to 4 days 1 week
2 to 3 days
A nurse on an acute medical unit is providing care for a number of patients with a variety of diagnoses. Which of the following patients most likely exhibits risk factors for impaired coughing? A patient with an injury to her cerebellum A patient with a nasogastric (NG) tube set to suction A patient with a diagnosis of viral pneumonia A patient who has diabetes mellitus and is morbidly obese
A patient with a nasogastric (NG) tube set to suction
In a discussion of heart failure, the nursing instructor is explaining preload and afterload. Which of the following statements regarding preload and afterload is accurate? Afterload is related to the ejection of blood from the ventricle, and preload is related to the filling of the ventricle. Preload is related to the ejection of blood from the ventricle, and afterload is related to the filling of the ventricle. Preload is related to the filling of the left ventricle, and afterload is related to the filling of the right ventricle. Preload is related to the filling of the right ventricle, and afterload is related to the filling of the left ventricle.
Afterload is related to the ejection of blood from the ventricle, and preload is related to the filling of the ventricle.
A nurse is aware that diphenoxylate HCl with atropine sulfate is an effective adjunct in the treatment of diarrhea. For which clients could the administration of this drug be potentially harmful? An 80-year-old man who has diarrhea secondary to Clostridium difficile infection A woman who has experienced severe diarrhea associated with influenza A man who has experienced diarrhea shortly after beginning tube feeding through a nasogastric tube A 60-year-old woman who tends to get diarrhea during periods of intense stress
An 80-year-old man who has diarrhea secondary to Clostridium difficile infection
Following an endoscopy, a 66-year-old man has been diagnosed with a duodenal ulcer resulting from Helicobacter pylori infection. Which medication will likely be used in an attempt to eradicate the patient's H. pylori infection? (Select all that apply.) Antibiotics A PPI Aluminum hydroxide Ondansetron (Zofran) Cisapride (Propulsid)
Antibiotics A PPI
The patient is a 34-year-old male who started taking theophylline recently. You know that your teaching has been successful if he says he will what? Avoid caffeine Eat foods high in potassium Limit fluid intake to 1,000 mL a day Take the medicine on an empty stomach
Avoid caffeine
A client has been prescribed an antihistamine for the treatment of seasonal allergies. What dietary guidelines should the nurse provide to the client? Avoid drinking alcohol while taking antihistamines Avoid grapefruit juice until at least 48 hours after treatment is complete Increase intake of foods that are high in vitamin C Eat several small meals instead of three larger meals in case of GI upset
Avoid drinking alcohol while taking antihistamines
A nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed a nasal decongestant. Which of the following factors should the nurse assess before administering the drug? Motor coordination Blood pressure Vision Auditory tests
BP
Ms. Diniger is prescribed omeprazole for gastric reflux disorder. Which strategy would help minimize the risk of adverse effects associated with omeprazole? Crush the capsule before administration. Divide daily dosage larger than 80 mg into smaller doses to be administered through the day. Do not administer the drug for more than 1 week. Advise the patient to chew the drug thoroughly before swallowing.
Divide daily dosage larger than 80 mg into smaller doses to be administered through the day.
A client reports to the nurse about needing to strain to defecate. The client adds that defecating is very painful. What laxative will the nurse suggest to the prescriber based on the painful defecation? Ducosate Sorbitol Psyllium Fiber
Ducosate
What is first-line therapy for infants and children 1 to 4 years of age with diarrhea? Bismuth salts (Pepto-Bismol) Electrolyte replacement Paregoric Difenoxin (Motofen)
Electrolyte replacement
A client who has been admitted to the healthcare center has been diagnosed with emphysema. The arterial blood gas results reveal respiratory acidosis. Based on this information, what should the nurse explain to the client that is the cause of the respiratory acidosis? Too little carbon dioxide in the blood Presence of food in the respiratory passage Excess carbon dioxide in the blood Inflammation of the pleura
Excess carbon dioxide in the blood
A 27-year-old athlete with newly diagnosed asthma presents for patient education regarding situations that could precipitate an asthma attack. The nurse teaches that acute episodes of asthma may last minutes to hours. In this teaching, which precipitants would the nurse state may cause the asthma? (Select all that apply.) Exercise Allergens Pollutants Warm weather
Exercise Allergens Pollutants
A patient with GI upset is prescribed an antacid for outpatient use. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide the patient and family members? Remove items with strong smells and odors. Use mouthwash or frequent oral rinses. Make the environment as pleasant as possible. Explain that the drug may change the color of the stool.
Explain that the drug may change the color of the stool.
The nurse is caring for a 19-month-old child who has been hospitalized with dehydration secondary to nausea and vomiting. The nurse is aware that promethazine will not be used for this client because it can cause what in children under the age of 2? Fatal hypovolemia secondary to hemorrhage Life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias Fatal respiratory depression Fatal hypertension and subsequent cerebral vascular accident
Fatal respiratory depression
Second-generation antihistamines were developed to remove the sedation of first generation drugs. Which of the following antihistamines is a second-generation drug?
Fexofenadine
A female client presents at the clinic with a dry, nonproductive cough. The client is diagnosed with bronchitis, and it is determined that she will need help thinning sputum so that the cough can become productive. What does the nurse expect will be prescribed for the client? Codeine Guaifenesin Dextromethophan Aspirin
Guaifenesin
When comparing the H2RAs to each other, you would find that cimetidine (Tagamet) is more likely to cause which adverse effect? Hypoxia Hypertension Gynecomastia Seizures
Gynecomastia
A nurse is required to educate a patient prescribed albuterol on the adverse effects associated with the drug. Which of the following symptoms, if experienced, should the nurse instruct the patient to report to the health care provider? Fall in blood pressure Increased nighttime urination Hearing impairment or deficit Headache and flushing
Headache and flushing
Antihistamines are used frequently in the home care setting for the treatment of allergies. Which of the following is most likely to be a responsibility of the nurse caring for a patient who is taking antihistamines for this indication? Removing environmental allergens Administering the antihistamine Ensuring that the patient uses a second-generation antihistamine Helping the patient identify environmental allergens
Helping the patient identify environmental allergens
Which of the following would a nurse expect to administer if the goal of therapy is to block the release of hydrochloric acid in the stomach? Histamine-2 receptor antagonist Proton pump inhibitor Antacid Prostaglandin
Histamine-2 receptor antagonist
Why are histamine2 receptor antagonists preferred in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal (GI) disorders over traditional histamine1 receptor antagonists? Histamine1 receptor antagonists do not block histamine effects on gastric acid production. Histamine1 receptor antagonists are less ineffective in the presence of prescribed antacids. Histamine1 receptor antagonists antagonists interfere with prescribed proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Histamine1 receptor antagonists are costlier than histamine2 receptor antagonists.
Histamine1 receptor antagonists do not block histamine effects on gastric acid production.
The nurse assesses the client for which of the following adverse reactions related to the use of digoxin? Tachycardia Hypokalemia Angina Hypermagnesemia
Hypokalemia
A prescriber adds psyllium to the medication administration record for a client experiencing diarrhea. Which is the best rationale for the addition of psyllium? It absorbs toxins and water, decreasing fluidity of stools. It causes bloating and swells the colon. It binds and expels toxins into the stool. It reduces exchange of proteins and mucus in the stools.
It absorbs toxins and water, decreasing fluidity of stools.
What is the correct rationale for why the nurse would administer a laxative at a separate time from the client's other medications? They often taste bad and clients are less likely to take other medications. Laxatives may reduce absorption of other drugs present in the GI tract. Often laxatives make the client nauseated, which interferes with the ability to take medications. Because a laxative may stimulate a bowel movement, it can interfere with medication administration.
Laxatives may reduce absorption of other drugs present in the GI tract.
Combining first-generation antihistamines with sedating agents can can result in what adverse effect? Myocardial infarction Hypertensive crisis Liver failure Respiratory depression
Respiratory depression
The nurse is caring for a patient who has begun vomiting related to bariatric surgery. In including this complication in the plan of care, what would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis related to the adverse effects of drowsiness and weakness associated with an antiemetic? Acute pain related to CVS, skin, and GI effects Risk for injury related to CNS effects Decreased cardiac output related to cardiac effects Deficient knowledge regarding drug therapy
Risk for injury related to CNS effects
The nurse is evaluating the education of a client that uses albuterol for an acute asthma attack. The nurse knows that the lesson has been effective when the client states that albuterol is which of the following types of medication? LABA SABA Antiasthma Leukotriene modifier
SABA (Short acting beta 2 agonist)
Which would the nurse anticipate to be used for the prevention of nausea from motion sickness? Scopolamine (Transderm Scop) Dronabinol (Marinol) Benzodiazepines Phosphorated carbohydrate solution (Emetrol)
Scopolamine (Transderm Scop)
A 75-year-old client is treating an ulcer with antacids. Based on the client's age, the nurse expects the health care provider to prescribe a dose of antacid that compares with the average prescribed dose in what way? Smaller than the average prescribed dose Larger than the average prescribed dose The same as the average prescribed dose No antacids, because they are contraindicated in the elderly
Smaller than the average prescribed dose
What should the client be told about nasal spray? (Select all that apply.) Recline on a bed and hang your head over the edge. Sniff hard for a few minutes after administration. Make sure the tip of the container is touching the nasal mucosa. Do not share the container with anyone except family members. Nasal burning or stinging may occur with the use of topical decongestants.
Sniff hard for a few minutes after administration. Nasal burning or stinging may occur with the use of topical decongestants.
When the use of antihistamines result in dryness of the mouth, the nurse should recommend which to relieve the dryness? Select all that apply. Suck on sugarless hard candy. Administer intravenous fluid bolus. Offer ice chips. Take frequent sips of water. Use a dehumidifier in the home.
Suck on sugarless hard candy Offer ice chips. Take frequent sips of water.
Client teaching should include what instruction about antacids? Take antacid with other medications. Take antacid 1/2 hour after other medications. Take antacid 1 hour before other medications. Take antacid only at bedtime.
Take antacid 1 hour before other medications.
What action by the client would indicate that the client is obtaining maximum benefit from their inhaler? The client inhales as soon as the inhaler enters the mouth. The client holds breath for several seconds after releasing the medication. The client administers 3 doses of medication within a 1-minute time frame. The client exhales as soon as the client compresses the inhaler.
The client holds breath for several seconds after releasing the medication.
When describing the action of decongestants, a nurse integrates knowledge of this class of drugs, identifying which mechanism? Vasoconstriction of small blood vessels of the nasal membranes Selectively binding to peripheral H1 receptors Nonselectively binding to central and peripheral H1 receptors Anesthetizing stretch receptors in the respiratory passages
Vasoconstriction of small blood vessels of the nasal membranes
The nursing instructor is discussing over-the-counter cold remedies. According to the instructor, these products typically combine an antihistamine, a stimulant, and a decongestant. a stimulant, a decongestant, and an antitussive. a decongestant, an analgesic, and an antihistamine. an analgesic, an antitussive, and an antiviral.
a decongestant, an analgesic, and an antihistamine.
A client's report of nasal congestion, itching, sneezing, and watery drainage, including itching of the throat, eyes, and ears are consistent with what situation? a sinus infection allergic rhinitis anaphylaxis a histamine reaction
allergic rhinitis
Omeprazole (Prilosec) may be used with what antibiotic in some H. pylori eradication regimens? Gentimicin Ketaconazole Tetracycline Amoxicillin
amoxicillin
Because of the possible adverse effects of long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use, the nurse practitioner should focus on what assessment in a 72-year-old client? bone density dental health joint mobility integumentary system
bone density
A 39-year-old teacher with bronchitis has been up all night with intense coughing jags and asks the nurse how all this coughing is related to her bronchitis. The nurse tells the patient that a cough is initiated by irritation to receptors in the: nasal cavity. bronchi. pharynx. sinus cavities.
bronchi
A nurse is providing discharge planning for a 45-year-old woman who has a prescription for oral albuterol. The nurse will question the patient about her intake of which of the following? Coffee Alcohol Salt Vitamin C
coffee
An 82-year-old client is prescribed an antihistamine for the relief of allergic rhinitis. Which findings would the nurse most likely assess in this client? Select all that apply. Hypertension Sedation Dry throat Bradycardia Confusion
confusion dry throat sedation
The nurse should warn a client taking aluminum- and calcium-containing antacids about which adverse effects? Constipation Diarrhea Dehydration Flatulence
constipation
Ranitidine (Zantac) is preferred over cimetidine (Tagamet) therapy in critically ill clients due to decreased risk of which adverse effect? Diarrhea Drug-drug interactions Hypotension Macular rash and cough
drug-drug interactions
A 76-year-old client has been prescribed an oral antihistamine. What adverse effect presents a priority safety concern for older adult clients? Drowsiness Dry mouth Nasal burning Nonproductive cough
dry mouth
The home health nurse is visiting with a client who has been prescribed diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil) for chronic diarrhea. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse be aware of when assessing the client's present condition? Select all that apply. Dry mouth Lightheadedness Bradycardia Hypertension Tachypnea
dry mouth lightheadedness
Common side effects of anticholinergics include: dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, and increased pulse rate. blurred vision, decreased liver enzymes, increased B/P, and papillary constriction. decreased GI absorption, nausea, heartburn, and hypotension. skin rashes, decreased urinary output, constipation, and increased WBCs.
dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, and increased pulse rate.
The nurse should prioritize what assessment when providing care for a client who has taken over-the-counter (OTC) bisacodyl daily for several months? bleeding apical heart rate deep tendon reflexes electrolyte levels
electrolyte levels
To maximize the therapeutic effect of diphenoxylate HCl with atropine sulfate, the nurse will instruct the client to take the medication: once a day. twice a day. every 2 hours. four times a day.
four times a day.
An older adult reports chronic abdominal pain and dark, tarry stools. The client has a history of chronic arthritis being treated with naproxen daily. What is the most likely cause of the presenting symptomology? gastric ulcer gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) pyloric stenosis duodenal ulcer
gastric ulcer
The client will receive ranitidine (Zantac) 150 mg PO at bedtime. Prior to administration, the nurse should inform the client that common side effects related to this medication include: tremors. headache. visual disturbances. anxiety.
headache
The nurse is caring for a client who is taking an adrenergic bronchodilator. In what disease process should adrenergic bronchodilators be used cautiously? Liver failure Renal failure Respiratory failure Heart failure
heart failure
Your aunt, a 30-pack year smoker, has developed COPD. Knowing you're a nurse, she's asking what she can expect over the next several years. You tell her that is she quits smoking today, she can expect: Increasing dyspnea. Decreasing dyspnea. Activity tolerance. Maintain her quality of life.
increased dyspnea
The nurse is teaching a client about lansoprazole prescribed for treatment of gastric ulcer. By what mechanism of action does lansoprazole help treat the disease? inhibiting acid secretion exerting an antibiotic effect healing damaged cells increasing mucus secretion
inhibiting acid secretion
Ranitidine and cimetidine are both H2RAs used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. Of the two, ranitidine is preferred in critically ill clients because it is less likely to: cause diarrhea. interfere with the metabolism of other drugs. result in hypotension. cause macular rash and cough.
interfere with the metabolism of other drugs.
After teaching a group of students about zafirlukast, the students demonstrate understanding when they identify which as possible adverse effects? (Select all that apply.) Myalgia Dizziness Vomiting Constipation Chills
myalgia dizziness vomiting
Which of the following is the antidote for an overdose of diphenoxylate? Vitamin K Protamine sulfate Atropine Naloxone
naloxone
Antihistamines are not routinely used in the critically ill client population. Diphenhydramine, however, may be administered to a critically ill client for which reason? for sedation. prior to a blood test. prior to a blood transfusion. prior to discharge from the intensive care unit.
prior to a blood transfusion.
A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic bronchiectasis. The nurse should assess the patient for which clinical manifestation? Purulent cough Angina Pigeon chest Pulmonary hypertension
purulent cough
Ranitidine (Zantac) should be cautiously administered to individuals with evidence of which of the following conditions? Renal disease Diabetes mellitus Pulmonary disease Migraine headaches
renal disease
A client is prescribed ranitidine for the treatment of a peptic ulcer disease and gastric reflux. The dosage of this drug should be reduced if the client has: renal disease. diabetes mellitus. pulmonary disease. migraine headaches.
renal disease.
A 54-year-old client, who is preparing to go on an ocean cruise, asks for a medication to relieve the symptoms of seasickness. What medication would a health care provider most likely prescribe? Scopolamine Odansetron Palonosetron Dronabinol
scopolamine
A client who takes aluminum hydroxide with magnesium hydroxide (Mylanta) frequently for upset stomach, heartburn, and sour stomach is seen regularly in the clinic. The nurse should assess: blood glucose level. serum phosphate level. urine specific gravity. aspartate transaminase levels.
serum phosphate level.
Anticholinergics block acetylcholine at the muscarinic receptors.
true
Cromolyn should not be used during an acute asthmatic attack.
true
Patients with drug allergies should wear a medical alert bracelet identifying the drug. True or false? True False
true
According to the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP) Expert Panel Guidelines, a client prescribed a short-acting beta2 agonist may take this medication how often during an acute exacerbation of asthmatic symptoms? every 30 seconds until symptoms subside up to three treatments at 20-minute intervals every 5 minutes to a maximum of three doses hourly, with no more than six doses in a 24-hour period
up to three treatments at 20-minute intervals
