nut. exam two

Abe wants to use canned or frozen peaches to make a dessert. While shopping for the fruit, how can he determine which kind has the least sugar per serving? A) By comparing sugar content information that is listed in the Nutrition Facts panels. B) By subtracting amounts of fiber in the two kinds of fruit from their total carbohydrate contents. C) By reading the ingredients' lists on the labels. D) By checking the labels for health claims

A) By comparing sugar content information that is listed in the Nutrition Facts panels.

The body uses proteins to make A) calcium carbonate. B) magnesium ions. C) certain hormones. D) bile salts.

C) certain hormones.

________ is a source of sucrose. A) Beef liver B)egg white C) Sugar cane D)Fat-free milk

C) Sugar cane

Table sugar is nearly ________ carbohydrate. A) 100% B) 75% C) 50% D)25%

A) 100%

Justin's blood cholesterol level is too high. He'd like to add foods to his diet that can help reduce his blood cholesterol level. Based on this information, which of the following foods should he add? A) Beans B) Steak C) Butter D) Liver

A) Beans

Theresa drank 5 ounces of wine. This amount of wine has about as much alcohol as the 53) amount that is in A) 5 ounces of beer. B) 12 ounces of beer. C) 1 ounce of liquor. D) 3 ounces of liquor.

B) 12 ounces of beer.

The primary function of an adipose cell is A) transporting cholesterol within tissues. B) storing fat. C) metabolizing glycogen. D) making insulin.

B) storing fat.

The typical vegetarian diet supplies high amounts of A) cholesterol. B) vitamin C C) saturated fat. D) vitamin B-12.

B) vitamin C

Which of the following statements is true? A) The pancreas secretes glucagon, a hormone that signals your cells to take up glucose from the bloodstream. B) The human body stores carbohydrate as glucose. C) A diet that contains whole-grain foods may help relieve constipation. D) Maltose is the complex carbohydrate in potatoes, rice, and beans.

C) A diet that contains whole-grain foods may help relieve constipation.

Fred is a lactovegetarian. Which of the following foods does he eat? A) Chicken B) Eggs C) Cheese D) Fish

C) Cheese

Which of the following organs is the main site for detoxifying alcohol? A) Kidneys B) Stomach C) Liver D) Spleen

C) Liver

When she prepares food, Felicia wants to use a product that is a rich source of unsaturated fat. Based on this information, which of the following fats should she select? A) Cream cheese B) Coconut oil C) Olive oil D) Unsalted butter

C) Olive oil

The body uses essential fatty acids to make A) glycogen B) Polysaccharides C) Prostaglandins D) Proteins

C) Prostaglandins

Which of the following foods or beverages is the main source of added sugars in American diets? A) Fruit juices B) Candies C) Sugar-sweetened soft drinks D) Frosted doughnuts, cakes, and pastries

C) Sugar-sweetened soft drinks

Bethaney is 20 years of age and weighs 50 kg. Based on her body weight, her RDA for protein is ________ grams. A) 30 B) 25 C) 35 D) 40

D) 40

Luis is 23 years of age and weighs 220 pounds. Based on his body weight, his RDA for protein is ________ grams. A) 120 B) 140 C) 100 D) 80

D) 80

Which of the following fatty acids is an essential fatty acid? A) Stearic acid B) Palmitic acid C) Oleic acid D) Alpha-linolenic acid

D) Alpha-linolenic acid

Which of the following physical characteristics or health conditions is a sign of metabolic syndrome? A) Stomach ulcers that bleed B) Body temperature that is over 101°F C) Waist circumference that measures 33 inches D) Blood pressure that is consistently higher than normal

D) Blood pressure that is consistently higher than normal

Which of the following statements is true? A) Fat contributes to the flavor of foods B) Each gram of fat contributes 4 kcal C) Adding fat to a food reduces the food's "mouth feel" D) Food fat is not a source of essential nutrients

A) Fat contributes to the flavor of foods

Which of the following foods provides the most carbohydrates per 4-ounce serving? A) Fat-free milk B) Canned tuna C) Ham slice D) Baked chicken

A) Fat-free milk

Which of the following characteristics or conditions increases a person's risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)? A) Hypertension B) Asian ancestry C) Low body weight D) Female sex

A) Hypertension

Which of the following characteristics is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD)? A) Increasing age B) High intakes of vitamin C C) Low income level D) Asian ancestry

A) Increasing age

________ acid is an essential fatty acid. A) Linoleic B) Stearic C) Lauric D) Palmitic

A) Linoleic

During digestion, which of the following substances denatures the proteins in food? A) Stomach acid B) Amylase C) Mucus D) Intrinsic factor

A) Stomach acid

Which of the following statements about food labels is true? A) The Nutrition Facts panel provides information about total carbohydrates in a serving of food. B) Information about the fiber contents of a food are not provided in the Nutrition Facts panel. C) The list of ingredients on food packages does not have to include added sugars. D) The Nutrition Facts panel includes information about a food's glycogen content.

A) The Nutrition Facts panel provides information about total carbohydrates in a serving of food.

Which of the following statements is true? A) The human body normally uses very little protein for energy. B) The body needs protein to make sodium, calcium, and other mineral elements. C) Proteins are comprised of smaller chemical units called nucleic acids. D) Proteins are comprised of phosphorus, oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon.

A) The human body normally uses very little protein for energy.

Consuming too much protein or excess amino acids can contribute to A) dehydration. B) coronary artery disease. C) stroke. D) arthritis.

A) dehydration.

Lena's 4-year-old son is not well. He lacks much interest in playing, he has lost weight, his breath has a strange odor, and he seems to be thirsty all the time. Based on this information, Lena should A) have her son tested for type 1 diabetes. B) limit her son's intake of fluids. C) decrease her son's intake of dietary fiber. D) have her son treated for cystic fibrosis.

A) have her son tested for type 1 diabetes.

The ________ is the primary site for nonessential amino acid production in humans. A) liver B) small intestine C) pancreas D) pituitary gland

A) liver

Plant-based diets may not supply enough ________ to meet a child's needs. A) protein B) fiber C) vitamin C D) sodium

A) protein

Glycogen is A) the form of carbohydrate that is stored in liver and muscle tissue. B) a simple sugar in grapes and honey. C) a polysaccharide made by plants. D) the form of fat stored in fat cells.

A) the form of carbohydrate that is stored in liver and muscle tissue.

_________ is the primary fuel for active muscles A)glucose B)sucrose C)Lactose D)Fructosejj

A)glucose

Which of the following statements is true? A) Fatty acids contain nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon. B) A polyunsaturated fatty acid has two or more double bonds between carbons in the hydrocarbon chain. C) The omega end of a fatty acid molecule contains the acid group. D) A saturated fat has a triple bond between two carbons in the hydrocarbon chain.

B) A polyunsaturated fatty acid has two or more double bonds between carbons in the hydrocarbon chain.

The liver uses cholesterol to make A) Fatty acids B) Bile C) Vitamin A D) Water

B) Bile

________ is the process that changes the normal shape of a protein and, as a result, the molecule loses its usual function. A) Filtration B) Denaturation C) Hydrogenation D) Protonation

B) Denaturation

According to Cleo's physician, her blood cholesterol level is too high. Which of the 27) following foods can Cleo add to her diet to help lower her cholesterol? A) American processed cheese food B) Fiber-fortified ready-to-eat cereal C) Fat-free chocolate milk D) Lean beef

B) Fiber-fortified ready-to-eat cereal

Which of the following statements is true? A) Alcohol is stored in body fat. B) In the United States, a BAC of 0.08% is the legal limit for intoxication for adult drivers. C) The pancreas is the primary site for alcohol metabolism. D) Rapid heart rate is a sign of alcohol poisoning.

B) In the United States, a BAC of 0.08% is the legal limit for intoxication for adult drivers.

Which of the following label resources can you use to determine whether a canned food has high quality protein? A) Daily Value for protein B) Ingredients' list C) Protein disclaimer D) Nutrition Facts panel

B) Ingredients' list

Bernice is a vegan. Which of the following foods does she eat? A) Cheese B) Legumes C) Butter D) Eggs

B) Legumes

Cameron was born with a condition that requires him to limit eating foods that contain phenylalanine. Based on this information, Cameron has A) amino acid toxicity syndrome. B) PKU. C) cystic fibrosis. D) IBD.

B) PKU.

Which of the following foods is often responsible for causing an allergic response in susceptible persons? A) Blueberries B) Peanuts C)Broccoli D) Grapes

B) Peanuts

Which of the following foods is naturally a good source of high-quality protein? A) Red grapes B) Tuna fish C) Corn oil margarine D) Leaf lettuce

B) Tuna fish

When Leah parties with her friends, she usually drinks 6 beers during a 2-hour party. At this level of alcohol consumption, she is A) a restrained drinker. B) a binge drinker. C) an abstainer. D) a moderate drinker.

B) a binge drinker.

Proteins A) are stored as glycogen in the body. B) are comprised of amino acids. C) provide 7 kcal/g. D) have phosphorus in their chemical structures.

B) are comprised of amino acids.

The liver recycles bile salts to make new A) white blood cells. C) hemoglobin. B) bile. D) glycogen.

B) bile.

A person suffering from celiac disease must avoid A) taking dietary supplements that contain homocysteine. B) consuming foods that contain gluten. C) lying down after meals. D) eating foods that contain phenylalanine.

B) consuming foods that contain gluten.

The Nutrition Facts panel on a food label A) typically includes information about the bioavailability of protein in the product. B) does not include information about the product's protein quality. C) provides information about a product's essential amino acid content. D) does not provide information about the amount of protein in a serving of the food.

B) does not include information about the product's protein quality.

When cells have more glucose than they need energy, they may convert some of the excess into A) certain B vitamins. B) fat. C) fiber. D) ketone bodies

B) fat.

Max wants to restrict the added sugar intake of his 5-year-old son. He should A) serve more foods that are sources of refined carbohydrates. B) give the child low-fat milk with meals and snacks instead of regular soft drinks. C) replace his son's favorite fruit juices with fruit ades or drinks. D) encourage the child to consume more energy drinks.

B) give the child low-fat milk with meals and snacks instead of regular soft drinks.

Women who are trying to become pregnant or are pregnant should A) drink alcohol only with meals. B) limit their alcohol consumption to beer. C) avoid all forms of alcohol. D) mix distilled alcohol with fruit juice before consuming it.

C) avoid all forms of alcohol.

Phil is a healthy college student. When he wakes up in the morning, he can't wait to eat breakfast. While he is asleep and before he consumes food or beverages, his pancreas secretes ________ to maintain his blood glucose level within normal limits. A) insulin B) glucagon C) thyroxin D) aldosterone

B) glucagon

Glycogen is composed of ________ molecules. A) ribose B) glucose C) fructose D) insulin

B) glucose

Insulin A) stimulates cells to break down glycogen for energy. B) helps glucose enter cells. C) is released during fasting periods, such as between meals. D) increases blood glucose levels after meals.

B) helps glucose enter cells.

Duncan's diet contains high amounts of protein and fat, but it is very low in carbohydrate. As a result of following this diet, Duncan's body forms more ________ than normal. A) vitamin C) muscle fibers B) ketone bodies D) glycogen stores

B) ketone bodies

Clayton is a 19-year-old college student. He avoids milk, because he claims drinking the beverage upsets his stomach and gives him intestinal "gas." However, he can eat yogurt and certain types of cheese without experiencing any symptoms. Based on this information, Clayton probably has A) botulism poisoning. B) lactose intolerance. C) amylase deficiency. D) cystic fibrosis.

B) lactose intolerance.

Chronic alcohol abuse increases the risk of ________ cancer. A) muscle B) pancreatic C) thyroid D) skin

B) pancreatic

Glucagon A) helps glucose enter cells. B) raises blood glucose levels. C) stimulates cells to store glucose as glycogen. D) increases the metabolic rate.

B) raises blood glucose levels.

To reduce her intake of added sugars, Isabelle should A) increase her intake of beverages sweetened with high-fructose corn syrup. B) replace regular soft drinks with plain water. C) consume more refined sources of carbohydrates. D) consume energy drinks instead of coffee

B) replace regular soft drinks with plain water.

Which of the following substances is a complex carbohydrate? A) high-fructose corn syrup B) starch C) glucose D) carbon dioxide

B) starch

Which of the following characteristics increases a person's risk of type 2 diabetes? A) Being taller than average B) Having low blood pressur C) Weighing more than average D) Having northern European ancestry

C) Weighing more than average

If your diet supplies more sugar and starch than you need, the excess can be A) eliminated in feces. B) metabolized to form urea and excreted by the kidneys . C) converted into fat and stored. D) converted to proteins that are metabolized for energy.

C) converted into fat and stored.

An amino acid does not contain a(an) A) nitrogen-containing group. B) acid group. C) fatty acid. D) carbon skeleton.

C) fatty acid.

A chylomicron is a type of A) fatty acid. B) phospholipid. C) lipoprotein. D) sterol.

C) lipoprotein.

44) Lecithin is a type of A) triglyceride. B) fatty acid. C) phospholipid. D) sterol.

C) phospholipid.

A gene is a A) type of lipoprotein that transports certain vitamins in the bloodstream. B) structure that helps transfer amino acids to ribosomes. C) piece of DNA that codes for a specific protein. D) cellular organelle that helps maintain proper acid-base balance.

C) piece of DNA that codes for a specific protein.

Subcutaneous fat does not A) protect against minor bruising. B) insulate the body against cold temperatures. C) stimulate red blood cell production. D) store energy.

C) stimulate red blood cell production.

While at a party, Dimitrius became drunk after consuming 6 cans of beer and 2 shots of whiskey. To sober up, he should A) drink a glass of orange juice that contains a raw egg and tabasco sauce. B) run a mile and then take a cold shower. C) stop drinking and give his liver time to metabolize the alcohol. D) drink 3 cups of strong coffee.

C) stop drinking and give his liver time to metabolize the alcohol.

Manny's blood alcohol concentration is 0.36. Based on this information, Manny is A) acting aggressively toward his partner. B) able to drive safely. C) unconscious. D) acting more sociable and feeling less tense.

C) unconscious.

Which of the following substances is a polysaccharide? A)Lactose B)High-fructose corn syrup C)soluble fiber D)Glucose

C)soluble fiber

Which of the followings statements is true? A) Trans fatty acids are naturally in many foods. B) Saturated fatty acid has one double bond within its hydrocarbon chain. C) The human body can convert simple carbohydrates into alpha-linolenic acid. D) Certain fish, such as salmon, are rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids.

D) Certain fish, such as salmon, are rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids.

Instructions for making proteins are coded in a cell's A) golgi apparatus. B) ribosomes. C) plasma membrane. D) DNA.

D) DNA.

Which of the following statements is true? A) People may increase their risk of type 2 diabetes by eating more fiber-rich foods. B) Most forms of fiber are easily digested in the human small intestine. C) The typical American consumes recommended amounts of fiber. D) Fruits and vegetables are sources of fiber.

D) Fruits and vegetables are sources of fiber.

Which of the following substances carries cholesterol away from tissues? A) LDL B) Insoluble fiber C) Insulin D) HDL

D) HDL

Which of the following foods is a high-protein snack that can replace a snack that contains animal proteins? A) Vegetable salad with greens and baby carrots B) Slice of American cheese C) 1⁄2 cup of apple and watermelon chunks D) Peanut butter on crackers

D) Peanut butter on crackers

If you wanted to include a starchy food to your meal, which of the following foods would you add? A) Milk B) Eggs C) Honey D) Potatoes

D) Potatoes

What is the major difference between soluble and insoluble forms of fiber? A) Soluble fiber provides no health benefits to humans, whereas insoluble fiber reduces the risk of heart disease. B) Soluble fiber is in animal foods, whereas insoluble fiber is in plant foods. C) Soluble fiber can be digested by humans, whereas insoluble fiber cannot be digested. D) Soluble fiber dissolves or swells in water, whereas insoluble fiber generally does not change in water

D) Soluble fiber dissolves or swells in water, whereas insoluble fiber generally does not change in water

Alicia has PKU. She would like to sweeten her coffee with a substance that provides 0 kcal/g. Based on this information, which of the following sweeteners supplies 0 kcal/g and is safe for her to use? A) Aspartame C) Xylitol B) Granulated cane juice D) Sucralose

D) Sucralose

Macey would like to sweeten her tea with a nonnutritive sweetener that provides no calories per teaspoon. Which of the following sweeteners would she use? A) Granulated cane juice B) Table sugar C) Mannitol D) Sucralose

D) Sucralose

Pearson's mother and father have type 2 diabetes. To reduce his risk of this disease, Pearson should A) reduce his sodium intake to 1500 mg/day. B) consume a low-fiber diet. C) increase his animal protein intake to 120 g/day. D) avoid gaining excess weight.

D) avoid gaining excess weight.

Most lipids have ________ in their chemical structures. A) glucose polymers B) amino acids C) nitrogen and sulfur D) fatty acids

D) fatty acids

When muscle cells have more glucose than they need for energy, they may store some of the excess as A) fiber. B) ketone bodies. C) certain B vitamins. D) glycogen.

D) glycogen.

Jacob is a healthy, active 14-year-old boy. Recently, he began to experience a growth spurt. Based on this information, his body is in ________ nitrogen balance. A) activated B) negative C) inverted D) positive

D) positive

A scientist has isolated a fatty acid that has 26 carbons bonded together. All of the carbon atoms in the chain are connected by single bonds. The only other elements in the compound are hydrogen and oxygen. Based on this information, the compound is a (an) _____ fatty acid. A) essential B) monounsaturated C) polyunsaturated D) saturated

D) saturated

Nervous system cells rely on primary_____ for energy. A) Fructose B) Lactose C) Fiber D)Glucose

D)Glucose

Mason would like to compare the saturated fat contents of salad dressings. To obtain this information, he should read the ________ on the products' labels. A) structure/functions claims B)list of ingredients C)country of origin D)NUTRITION FACTS PANEL

D)NUTRITION FACTS PANEL

Which of the following foods is a rich source of fiber? A)beef steak B)Roast turkey C)Grilled salmon D)brown rice

D)brown rice