Nutrition 010 Ch 1-10, 17 Study
Leftovers are safe to eat until they smell bad.
False
Metabolism in the absence of oxygen is called aerobic metabolism
False
MyPlate recommends that at least 75% of the foods from the grain group should be whole grains
False
The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the average amount of a nutrient that will most likely not cause any toxicity symptoms
False
To get rid of any bacteria on my meat, poultry, or seafood, I should rinse off the juices with water first.
False
Which of the following is a property of dietary lipids?
Omega-3 fatty acids are always unsaturated
Which of the following ways is NOT a safe way to defrost raw meat?
On the counter
What is meant by the amino acid sequence of a protein?
Order of amino acids in the peptide chain
What percent of the Calories in this food item are from fat
Take the calories from fat and divide by the calories then multiply by 100 Ex:70/170=0.41x100=41%
Food thermometers are extremely important as they are the only way to ensure food is cooked to a safe minimum internal temperature.
True
Kitchen sponges can be a source of contamination and need to be sanitized daily.
True
Minerals are more bioavailable in plant foods than in animal foods.
false
Pantothenic acid deficiencies are common.
false
The first detectable sign of vitamin A deficiency is usually
night blindness
Chapter 6 part 1 What element is found in proteins but not in carbohydrates and fats?
nitrogen
The types of atoms found in a glucose molecule include all of the following EXCEPT
nitrogen
Lipids that are liquid at room temperature are known as
oils
The organ(s) which supplies enzymes required for starch digestion include(s) the:
pancreas
The concentration of glucose in the blood is primarily regulated by:
pancreatic hormones
Before publication in a reputable journal, the findings of a research study must undergo scrutiny by experts in the field according to a process known as
peer review
What type of compound is lecithin?
phospholipid
Which of the following should help you in making nutrition decisions ?
scientific evidence
Food sources of water soluble vitamins are preferable to supplements.
true
For the average North American, protein needs can be easily met through our typical diets without the need for supplementation.
true
Which of the following containers does NOT protect riboflavin found in milk?
clear glass
Many B vitamins function as ______, which bind to enzymes to promote their activity.
coenzymes
starch is a
complex carbohydrate
Which of the following is not considered to be a source of high-quality protein in human nutrition?
corn
The food industry often carries out the process of hydrogenation on which of the following lipids?
corn oil
What is a safe rate of weight loss on a long-term basis for most overweight people?
0.5-2 Ibs/week
The RDA for most healthy adults is
0.8g/kg of body weight
Which of the following is the best source of dietary fiber?
1 cup of broccoli
whole-wheat bread is 8% of the daily value. The slice of whole-wheat bread contains how much fiber?
2grams
Folic acid supplements are most frequently recommended for:
women who may become pregnant
Among the following groups, which has the highest metabolic rate?
younger individuals
A breakfast containing the following foods will aid in the absorption of fat soluble vitamins:
- - - -
All of the following are characteristics of the results of weight-loss surgery except
- - - -
Jenny is 34 years old and has a BMI of 28. Her body type could be described as "pear-like." John is 55 years old with a BMI of 28, and a body type that is "apple-like." Why is John more likely than Jenny to be at risk for degenerative diseases?
- - - -
sugar alcohols are:
- - - -
Which of the following conditions is likely to increase ketone production?
- A very low carbohydrate diet - Untreated diabetes - Starvation - All of these choices are correct
Aspartame
- All of these choices are correct. - is an artificial sweetener. - is often found in soft drinks. - consists of two amino acids linked together.
Which is true about the Dietary Guidelines of Americans?
- All of these choices are true *they are designed to reduce the risk of obesity and hypertension *They are the foundation of the U.S. government's nutrition policy *They guide government programs, such as the USDA's school lunch program
Bob is reheating some leftover soup. He doesn't like to wait for his food to cool so he is only warming the soup to touch. Is Bob following correct safe food handling by only warming his soup to approx. 110 degrees F.
- No Reheat leftovers thoroughly to at least 165 °F
Foods that are a "good source" of a nutrient must contain at least ______% Daily Value of that
10
As a general rule, what minimum number of kcalories per day is necessary to ensure nutritional adequacy in an eating plan for reducing body weight?
1200
Approximately how many different amino acids are used in the synthesis of body proteins?
20
What is the RDA for protein for a 48-kg woman?
38g
At what temperature should your refrigerator be maintained?
40 degrees F
About what percent of a young adult's body weight is due to water?
50 to 60%
How many amino acids are considered essential?
9
which of the following statements is true
A person can use www.choosemyplate.gov to evaluate his or her diet's nutritional adequacy.
In which individual would you expect the highest muscle glycogen content?
A trained athlete consuming 65-70% of kcals as carbohydrate
Which of the following is a feature of the body's response to engaging in physical activity?
After an intense and vigorous workout, metabolism remains elevated for several hours
Chapter 6 Part 2 Alberta is a 20 year old who has been a vegetarian for 3 years. She comes to you for advice after reading some material online by the Meat Promoters of America organization. One of their statements is: ". . . vegetarians are at risk for protein deficiency because they cannot consume all of the essential amino acids necessary for healthy individuals." How should Alberta be advised?
Although many foods don't provide all the essential amino acids individually, she could consume complementary proteins throughout the day, which would provide all the essential amino acids she needs
What is a "limiting" amino acid in a protein?
An essential amino acid present in insufficient quantity for body protein synthesis to take place
Preparing food several hours in advance can make food unsafe because:
Bacteria can grow if the food temperatures are wrong
Which of the following characteristics are shared by cholesterol and lecithin?
Both are synthesized in the body
Which of the following foods are the best sources of complex carbohydrates?
Cereals and grains
Which statement about canned vegetables is FALSE?
Current dietary recommendations are to rarely, if ever, consume canned vegetables.
Chapter 9 Which of the following is a property of the fat-soluble vitamins?
Deficiency symptoms may take years to develop on a poor diet
What is the usual fate of orally ingested enzyme supplements?
Digested by gastrointestinal proteases
What primary factor governs the quality of a food protein?
Essential amino acid content
Food poisoning isn't that big of a deal. I just have to tough it out for a day or two and then it's over.
False. Food poisoning can have long term affects
Chapter 8 Which statement concerning vitamins is incorrect?
If a vitamin is not provided by the diet, the body will synthesize it.
Protein-sparing in the body is best achieved under which of the following circumstances?
Ingesting adequate levels of carbohydrate and fat
Which of the following is a characteristic of cholesterol?
It is a precursor for bile and vitamin D synthesis
Which of the following is a feature of whey protein?
It is a waste product of cheese production
Which of the following is a feature of an essential amino acid?
It must be supplied by the diet
A graph of the relationship between mortality (left axis) and body mass index is shaped like a(n)
J
What type of fatty acid is found in high amounts in olive oil?
Monounsaturated
Which of the following describes a fatty acid that has one double bond?
Monounsaturated
Which of the following defines the body's set point?
Point above which the body tends to lose weight and below which it tends to gain weight
You have been asked to help a top nutrition researcher conduct human experiments on vitamin C. As the subjects walk into the laboratory, you distribute all the vitamin C pill bottles to the girls and all the placebo pill bottles to the boys. The researcher instantly informs you that there are two errors in your research practice. What steps should you have done differently?
Prevented yourself from knowing what was in the pill bottles, and distributed the bottles randomly to the subjects
What protein quality measure is used to assess the protein in foods for the Daily Value percentages seen on food labels?
Protein-digestibility-corrected amino acid score
Which dietary standard is set a level that meets the needs of practically all healthy people
RDA
Which of the following is the most likely side effect for a person who regularly consumes large quantities of carrots or carrot juice?
Skin turning orange/yellow
Which of the following is a feature of phospholipids?
Soluble in both water and fat
Which of the following statements about Type 1 diabetes is correct?
The immune system destroys the pancreatic cells that produce insulin.
Your family knows that you are taking this nutrition course and want you to give them a list of good foods to eat and a list of bad foods to avoid. What do you tell them?
The instructor told us there are no good or bad foods. I guess that must be correct-our text says the same thing. "There are no 'good' or 'bad' foods."
Which statement about choline is correct?
There is an established UL for choline intake due to toxicity symptoms.
Tom was overweight when he was 13. During puberty he continued to gain weight steadily until at age 23, when he decided to lose weight. Tom successfully lost 50 pounds. Which of the following most likely happened to Tom's fat cells?
They shrank in size but did not decrease in number
Chapter 7 A new diet product makes the following claim: Want to drop 20 pounds fast? Concentrated extract of herring has a super fat-fighting formula that surrounds excess calories, forever preventing them from forming body fat.
This product sounds too good to be true.
Which statement is NOT true?
Vitamins provide energy
Waist circumference can best be used to assess
abdominal fat stores.
Diabetes is best characterized by:
abnormally high blood glucose levels
Which of the following factors has the most influence on the body's metabolic rate?
amount of lean body tissue
All of the following are contained in an amino acid except
an aldehyde group.
Cardiovascular disease, colon cancer, and breast cancer risks have been shown to increase with diets high in
animal protein
The main function of vitamin E in the body is to act as a(n)
antioxidant
Which is the primary function of vitamin K?
blood clotting
Which of the following foods provides the most potassium per serving?
banana
You need to wash your hands for 20 seconds
before handling food after using the restroom after handling diapers before eating - The correct answer before or after all of the above
Which term describes how well a vitamin is absorbed and used by the body?
bioavailability
Vitamin C deficiency causes:
bleeding gums
Which mineral has vitally important roles in nerve impulse transmission, blood clotting, and cell metabolism?
calcium
An ingredient list reads: Chicken, Corn Noodles, Isolated Soy Protein, Salt, Pepper, Spices. What is the predominant ingredient in this food item?
chicken
Which of the following foods would be classified as "empty calories" by MyPlate?
chocolate syrup
What is the major sterol in the diet?
cholesterol
The application of heat or acid to a protein that causes its shape to change is known as
denaturation
Poor nutrition choices play an important role in
development of chronic diseases
Which of the following ingredients listed on food labels would be acceptableto the person who is highly intolerant to lactose in the diet?
dextrin
A diet high in dietary fiber can help reduce the risk of developing:
diverticular disease
Lipids differ in their degree of saturation or unsaturation due to their number of
double bonds
The best way to increase antioxidant intake is to:
eat more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Which of the following food proteins has the best assortment of essential amino acids for the human body?
egg
Refined grain products contain predominantly what part(s) of the kernel?
endosperm
A popular eating plan that promises quick weight loss is known as a(n)
fad diet
Currently a person who wishes to follow a lower sodium diet can easily accomplish this with the food choices available.
false
Free radicals do not damage the body.
false
The body can survive for weeks without water.
false
White bread is nutritionally equivalent to whole wheat bread.
false
all bottled water is regulated by the FDA
false
Vitamins are a source of energy
fasle
Lipids that are solid at room temperature are known as
fats
Ch.4 part 1 Which of the following sequences represents a monosaccharide followed by a disaccharide followed by a polysaccharide?
fructose, sucrose, starch
Digested white sugar is broken down into ______ & _____.
glucose and fructose
The _____________________ reflects a ranking of how specific foods affect blood glucose as compared to the response of a reference food
glycemic index
A major cause of rancidity of lipids in foods is exposure to
heat and oxygen
Which of the following is a function that water performs in the body?
helps transport waste products for excretion
What is another term for hypertension?
high blood pressure
The DASH diet plan was devised to prevent
hypertension
Which food would NOT be recommended as a source of calcium to someone who is lactose intolerant?
ice cream
Lactose intolerance is caused by
inadequate production of the enzyme lactase.
Chapter 4 part 2 Which hormone is most important for glucose uptake by body cells?
insulin
All of the following are characteristics of protein-energy malnutrition except
it almost always exhibits overt signs
What happens to the risk for CVD for a person with a blood pressure of 120/90?
it is doubled
Dietary Fiber is categorized by:
its solubility in water
An example of a behavior modification technique for weight control is to
keep a record of your eating habits.
What is the primary carbohydrate of milk?
lactose
Niacin supplements
may decrease LDL cholesterol and increase HDL cholesterol
Aerobic metabolism occurs in:
mitochondria of the cell
If a dancer and a typist are the same height and have the exact same body build, the dancer will be heavier because she has
more muscle mass
The sodium content of the diet of most North Americans is _______ the amount needed in the body.
much in excess of
What is the greatest single source of sodium in the diet?
processed foods
Characteristics of hydrogenated oils include all of the following except
products containing them become rancid sooner, contributing to a shorter shelf life.
Dietary fiber promotes a healthy intestinal microflora in part by
promoting the production of short chain fatty acids which provide metabolic fuel for colonic cells.
What is the structure of an enzyme?
protein
Which of the following is an example of a macronutrient?
protein
What is the relationship between body proteins and water?
proteins attract water
The Nutrients that provide energy are
proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
A person consuming a diet deficient in dairy products but otherwise adequate, would have the most difficulty obtaining sufficient amounts of which vitamin?
riboflavin
Which of the following foods contains cholesterol?
roasted turkey
What is pre-hypertension?
slightly high blood pressure
Chapter 10 Fluid balance is maintained by which of the following minerals?
sodium and potassium
When stored at room temperature in loosely capped containers, which of the following dietary lipids would turn rancid in the shortest time?
soybean oil
Which of the following is a common dietary saturated fatty acid?
stearic acid
Which is the best source of vitamin C?
strawberries
Your sister Maria has just joined the Peace Corps and will be working on ways to improve the nutritional status of children in Indonesia. Once there, she saw that many of the children and some adults suffer from night blindness. Which of the following foods should she recommend be incorporated into the Indonesian diet to help prevent future generations from developing this condition?
sweet potato
Beriberi is a disease caused by lack of ________ in the diet.
thiamin
Most people should aim to keep intake of which nutrient at or below 100% Daily Value?
total fat
All of the following are true for the hormone glucagon, EXCEPT that it:
triggers the synthesis of glycogen in the liver
Chapter 5 Quiz In which form are most dietary lipids found?
triglycerides
A child is most likely in positive nitrogen balance.
true
High protein diets may increase the intake of saturated fat and cholesterol in the diet.
true
New York city is working to reduce sodium in restaurant foods.
true
The supplemental form of folate is more bioavailable than the form found in foods
true
Vitamin K deficiency is a risk associated with long-term use of antibiotics.
true
Meeting vitamin B12 needs from the diet is especially difficult for:
vegans
A person wishing to increase consumption of polyunsaturated fats should choose
vegetable oils
Cooking a food in large amounts of water is least likely to affect the vitamin content of
vitamin A
Your old friend from high school has just moved to Northern Canada to do full-time research on bats in caves. She typically works in the caves during the day when the bats are there and leaves at sundown when the bats are active. Because of her schedule she spends very little time in sunlight. Since your friend only purchases organic and all natural foods, which of the following would you most likely advise she buy regularly at the grocery store?
vitamin D fortified milk
Of the following sources of amino acids, which would be best absorbed in normal, healthy people?
whole protiens
